56907 Results for: "gc-gas-chromatography"

Supplier: Prosci

Stem Cell Factor (SCF) is a hematopoietic growth factor that exerts its activity at the early stages of hematopoiesis. SCF stimulates the proliferation of mast cells and is able to augment the proliferation of both myeloid and lymphoid hematopoietic progenitors in bone marrow culture. It also mediates cell to cell adhesion and acts synergistically with other cytokines, probably interleukins. A soluble form is produced by proteolytic processing of isoform 1 in the extracellular domain.

Supplier: Prosci

HSPA4 (Hsp70) belongs to the heat shock protein 70 family. It was isolated as a putative Rictor interacting protein and interaction with membranes acts as a platform for its release into the extracellular environment during its recovery from stress. Hsp70 gene expression in Rheumatoid Arthitis-affected synovial tissue is followed by Hsp70 cell surface expression on fibroblast-like synovial cells growing from RA synovial tissue. Serum Hsp70 levels were increased in Systemic sclerosis patients, and associated with pulmonary fibrosis, skin sclerosis, renal vascular damage, oxidative stress, and inflammation.

Supplier: Prosci

KGF is a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family. FGF family members possess broad mitogenic and cell survival activities, and are involved in a variety of biological processes, including embryonic development, cell growth, morphogenesis, tissue repair, tumor growth and invasion. This protein is a potent epithelial cell specific growth factor, whose mitogenic activity is predominantly exhibited in keratinocytes but not in fibroblasts and endothelial cells.

Supplier: Prosci

Exodus 2 is one of several CC cytokine genes clustered on the p arm of chromosome 9. Cytokines are a family of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The CC cytokines are proteins characterised by two adjacent cysteines. Similar to other chemokines the protein encoded by this gene inhibits hemopoiesis and stimulates chemotaxis. This protein is chemotactic in vitro for thymocytes and activated T cells, but not for B cells, macrophages, or neutrophils.

Supplier: Prosci

STAT2 encoded by this gene is a member of the STAT protein family. In response to cytokines and growth factors, STAT family members are phosphorylated by the receptor associated kinases, and then form homo- or heterodimers that translocate to the cell nucleus where they act as transcription activators. In response to interferon (IFN), this protein forms a complex with STAT1 and IFN regulatory factor family protein p48 (ISGF3G), in which this protein acts as a transactivator, but lacks the ability to bind DNA directly. Transcription adaptor P300/CBP (EP300/CREBBP) has been shown to interact specifically with this protein, which is thought to be involved in the process of blocking IFN-alpha response by adenovirus.

Supplier: MP Biomedicals

Congo red is the sodium salt of 3,3'-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)bis(4-aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid). It is a secondary diazo dye. It is absorption indicator for halide and thiocyanate determinations.

Supplier: 3M Healthcare

Zeta Plus™ BC Series Filter Capsule with DEL Series Media incorporates lipid-specific adsorbents that help reduce lipids, surfactants and other biological contaminants from human blood plasma, serum-based products, recombinant proteins and other biological fluids.

Supplier: Prosci

AIFM1 (PDCD8) is a flavoprotein essential for nuclear disassembly in apoptotic cells that is found in the mitochondrial intermembrane space in healthy cells. Induction of apoptosis results in the translocation of this protein to the nucleus where it effects chromosome condensation and fragmentation. In addition, AIFM1 induces mitochondria to release the apoptogenic proteins cytochrome c and caspase-9.This gene encodes a flavoprotein essential for nuclear disassembly in apoptotic cells that is found in the mitochondrial intermembrane space in healthy cells. Induction of apoptosis results in the translocation of this protein to the nucleus where it effects chromosome condensation and fragmentation. In addition, this gene product induces mitochondria to release the apoptogenic proteins cytochrome c and caspase-9. Three alternative transcripts encoding different isoforms have been identified for this gene.

Supplier: Prosci

KRT18 (Keratin 18) is type I intermediate filament chain. Keratin 18, together with its filament partner keratin 8, are perhaps the most commonly found members of the intermediate filament gene family. They are expressed in single layer epithelial tissues of the body. Mutations in this gene have been linked to cryptogenic cirrhosis.KRT18 encodes the type I intermediate filament chain keratin 18. Keratin 18, together with its filament partner keratin 8, are perhaps the most commonly found members of the intermediate filament gene family. They are expressed in single layer epithelial tissues of the body. Mutations in this gene have been linked to cryptogenic cirrhosis. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.

Supplier: Prosci

UNG2 Antibody: The human uracil-DNA glycosylase (UNG) gene encodes both mitochondrial (UNG1) and nuclear (UNG2) forms through differentially regulated promoters and alternative splicing. UNG2 is the major enzyme in the base excision repair pathway that removes uracil residues from DNA that arise through either misincorporation during replication or cytosine deamination. UNG2 can also be bound by the HIV-1 integrase and incorporated into the virion particle, suggesting that it is required to remove uracils from the viral genome. As the intrinsic antiviral protein APOBEC3G generates numerous uracils in the HIV genome during its replication, it may be that the UNG2 contributes to the APOBEC3G-mediated loss of infectivity by generating abasic sites in the viral genome.

Supplier: Prosci

KRT18 (Keratin 18) is type I intermediate filament chain. Keratin 18, together with its filament partner keratin 8, are perhaps the most commonly found members of the intermediate filament gene family. They are expressed in single layer epithelial tissues of the body. Mutations in this gene have been linked to cryptogenic cirrhosis.KRT18 encodes the type I intermediate filament chain keratin 18. Keratin 18, together with its filament partner keratin 8, are perhaps the most commonly found members of the intermediate filament gene family. They are expressed in single layer epithelial tissues of the body. Mutations in this gene have been linked to cryptogenic cirrhosis. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.

Supplier: Prosci

NF-κ-B is a pleiotropic transcription factor which is present in almost all cell types and is involved in many biological processed such as inflammation, immunity, differentiation, cell growth, tumorigenesis and apoptosis. NF-κ-B is a homo- or heterodimeric complex formed by the Rel-like domain-containing proteins RELA/p65, RELB, NFKB1/p105, NFKB1/p50, REL and NFKB2/p52. The dimers bind at kappa-B sites in the DNA of their target genes and the individual dimers have distinct preferences for different kappa-B sites that they can bind with distinguishable affinity and specificity. Different dimer combinations act as transcriptional activators or repressors, respectively.

Supplier: Prosci

NFKB has been detected in numerous cell types that express cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, cell adhesion molecules, and some acute phase proteins in health and in various disease states. NFKB is activated by a wide variety of stimuli such as cytokines, oxidant-free radicals, inhaled particles, ultraviolet irradiation, and bacterial or viral products. Inappropriate activation of NF-κ-B has been linked to inflammatory events associated with autoimmune arthritis, asthma, septic shock, lung fibrosis, glomerulonephritis, atherosclerosis, and AIDS. In contrast, complete and persistent inhibition of NF-κ-B has been linked directly to apoptosis, inappropriate immune cell development, and delayed cell growth.

Supplier: Prosci

Synaptobrevins/VAMPs, syntaxins, and the 25-kD synaptosomal-associated protein are the main components of a protein complex involved in the docking and/or fusion of vesicles and cell membranes. VAMP5 is a member of the vesicle-associated membrane protein (VAMP)/synaptobrevin family and the SNARE superfamily. This VAMP family member may participate in vesicle trafficking events that are associated with myogenesis.Synaptobrevins/VAMPs, syntaxins, and the 25-kD synaptosomal-associated protein are the main components of a protein complex involved in the docking and/or fusion of vesicles and cell membranes. The VAMP5 gene is a member of the vesicle-associated membrane protein (VAMP)/synaptobrevin family and the SNARE superfamily. This VAMP family member may participate in vesicle trafficking events that are associated with myogenesis.

Supplier: Prosci

ZIC4 is a member of the ZIC family of C2H2-type zinc finger proteins. Members of this family are important during development, and have been associated with X-linked visceral heterotaxy and holoprosencephaly type 5. This gene is closely linked to the gene encoding zinc finger protein of the cerebellum 1, a related family member on chromosome 3. The specific function of ZIC4 is not yet known.This gene encodes a member of the ZIC family of C2H2-type zinc finger proteins. Members of this family are important during development, and have been associated with X-linked visceral heterotaxy and holoprosencephaly type 5. This gene is closely linked to the gene encoding zinc finger protein of the cerebellum 1, a related family member on chromosome 3. This gene encodes a protein of unknown function.

Supplier: Prosci

Serine palmitoyltransferase, which consists of two different subunits, is the key enzyme in sphingolipid biosynthesis. It converts L-serine and palmitoyl-CoA to 3-oxosphinganine with pyridoxal 5'-phosphate as a cofactor. SPTLC1 is the long chain base subunit 1 of serine palmitoyltransferase. Mutations in SPTLC1 gene were identified in patients with hereditary sensory neuropathy type 1. Serine palmitoyltransferase, which consists of two different subunits, is the key enzyme in sphingolipid biosynthesis. It converts L-serine and palmitoyl-CoA to 3-oxosphinganine with pyridoxal 5'-phosphate as a cofactor. The product of this gene is the long chain base subunit 1 of serine palmitoyltransferase. Mutations in this gene were identified in patients with hereditary sensory neuropathy type 1. Alternatively spliced variants encoding different isoforms have been identified.

Supplier: Prosci

Apoptosis or programmed cell death is induced in cells by a group of death domain containing receptors. Binding of ligand to these receptors sends signals that activate members of the caspase family of proteases. The signals ultimately cause degradation of chromosomal DNA by activating DNase. TRAIL (TNF related apoptosis induced ligand) or Apo 2L initiates apoptosis of tumor cells by binding to either of its receptors, DR4 or DR5. These receptors consist of an extracellular TRAIL binding domain and a cytoplasmic "death domain".

Supplier: Prosci

Involved in chromosome cohesion during cell cycle and in DNA repair. Central component of cohesin complex. The cohesin complex is required for the cohesion of sister chromatids after DNA replication. The cohesin complex apparently forms a large proteinaceous ring within which sister chromatids can be trapped. At anaphase, the complex is cleaved and dissociates from chromatin, allowing sister chromatids to segregate. The cohesin complex may also play a role in spindle pole assembly during mitosis. Involved in DNA repair via its interaction with BRCA1 and its related phosphorylation by ATM, or via its phosphorylation by ATR. Works as a downstream effector both in the ATM/NBS1 branch and in the ATR/MSH2 branch of S-phase checkpoint.

Supplier: Prosci

Adducins are a family of cytoskeleton proteins encoded by three genes (alpha, beta, gamma). Adducin is a heterodimeric protein that consists of related subunits, which are produced from distinct genes but share a similar structure. Alpha- and beta-adducin include a protease-resistant N-terminal region and a protease-sensitive, hydrophilic C-terminal region. Alpha- and gamma-adducins are ubiquitously expressed. In contrast, beta-adducin is expressed at high levels in brain and hematopoietic tissues. Adducin binds with high affinity to Ca(2+)/calmodulin and is a substrate for protein kinases A and C. Alternative splicing results in multiple variants encoding distinct isoforms; however, not all variants have been fully described.

Supplier: Prosci

Histones play a critical role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression, and developmental events. Histone acetylation/deacetylation alters chromosome structure and affects transcription factor access to DNA. The protein encoded by HDAC5 belongs to the class II histone deacetylase/acuc/apha family. It possesses histone deacetylase activity and represses transcription when tethered to a promoter. It coimmunoprecipitates only with HDAC3 family member and might form multicomplex proteins. It also interacts with myocyte enhancer factor-2 (MEF2) proteins, resulting in repression of MEF2-dependent genes. This gene is thought to be associated with colon cancer. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

Supplier: Prosci

RIP1 Antibody: RIP1 (Receptor Interacting Protein), also known as RIPK1, is a crucial 74 kD adaptor kinase in several of stress-induced signaling pathways and on the crossroad of a cell’s decision to live or die. RIP1 contains an N-terminal region with homology to protein kinases, an intermediate domain capable of association with MAPKKK and a C-terminal region containing a death domain motif present in the Fas and TNFR1 intracellular domains. Full length RIP1 is important for signallling to NF-kappa-B, MAPKs and necrosis, whereas caspase-8 generates a C-terminal RIP1 cleavage fragment, promoting TNF-induced apoptosis. It is required for TNFRSF1A-mediated and TLR3-induced NF-kappa-B activation. RIP1-deficient mice fail to thrive, displaying extensive apoptosis in both lymphoid and adipose tissues and dying at 1-3 days of age.

Supplier: Prosci

Carnitine octanoyltransferase is a carnitine acyltransferase that catalyzes the reversible transfer of fatty acyl groups between CoA and carnitine. This provides a crucial step in the transport of medium- and long-chain acyl-CoA out of the mammalian peroxisome to the cytosol and mitochondria.Carnitine octanoyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.137) is a carnitine acyltransferase that catalyzes the reversible transfer of fatty acyl groups between CoA and carnitine. This provides a crucial step in the transport of medium- and long-chain acyl-CoA out of the mammalian peroxisome to the cytosol and mitochondria. See also CRAT (MIM 600184). Van der Leij et al. (2000) [PubMed 11001805] reviewed the function, structural features, and phylogenetics of human carnitine acyltransferase genes, including CROT.

Supplier: Prosci

RANTES is a chemoattractant for blood monocytes, memory T helper cells and eosinophils. It causes the release of histamine from basophils and activates eosinophils. It binds to CCR1, CCR3, CCR4 and CCR5 and is one of the major HIV suppressive factors produced by CD8+ T cells. Recombinant RANTES protein induces a dose dependent inhibition of different strains of HIV 1, HIV 2, and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). It is T cell and macrophage specific, induced by mitogens, and belongs to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family.

Supplier: Prosci

Lin28 Monoclonal Antibody: Lin28 is a transcription factor that was first identified through its key role in the pathway of developmental timing in C. elegans. The role of Lin28 in development suggested that it might be useful in the creation of stem cells that might be beneficial in cell replacement therapies in the treatment of several degenerative diseases. Artificial stem cells, termed induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, can be created by expressing Lin28 in addition to the transcription factors POU5F1, Sox2, and NANOG in mouse fibroblasts. More recently, experiments have demonstrated that iPS cells could be generated using expression plasmids expressing Lin28, Sox2, POU5F1 and c-Myc, eliminating the need for virus introduction, thereby addressing a safety concern for potential use of iPS cells in regenerative medicine.

Supplier: Prosci

Malate dehydrogenase catalyzes the reversible oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate, utilizing the NAD/NADH cofactor system in the citric acid cycle. MDH2 is localized to the mitochondria and may play pivotal roles in the malate-aspartate shuttle that operates in the metabolic coordination between cytosol and mitochondria.Malate dehydrogenase catalyzes the reversible oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate, utilizing the NAD/NADH cofactor system in the citric acid cycle. The protein encoded by this gene is localized to the mitochondria and may play pivotal roles in the malate-aspartate shuttle that operates in the metabolic coordination between cytosol and mitochondria. Publication Note: This RefSeq record includes a subset of the publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Entrez Gene record to access additional publications.

Supplier: Prosci

NAP2 is a platelet-derived growth factor that belongs to the CXC chemokine family. This growth factor is a potent chemoattractant and activator of neutrophils. It has been shown to stimulate various cellular processes including DNA synthesis, mitosis, glycolysis, intracellular cAMP accumulation, prostaglandin E2 secretion, and sythesis of hyaluronic acid and sulfated glycosaminoglycan. It also stimulates the formation and secretion of plasminogen activator by synovial cells.

Supplier: Prosci

Leptin plays a critical role in the regulation of body weight by inhibiting food intake and stimulating energy expenditure. Defects in Leptin production cause severe hereditary obesity in rodents and humans. In addition to its effects on body weight, leptin has a variety of other functions, including the regulation of hematopoiesis, angiogenesis, wound healing, and the immune and inflammatory response. The Leptin gene is the human homolog of the gene (ob) mutant in the mouse 'obese' phenotype.

Supplier: MP Biomedicals

SDS is an anionic detergent and wetting agent that is effective in both acid and alkaline solutions.
Used to solubilize and denature proteins for denaturing-PAGE. Most proteins bind SDS in a ratio of 1.4 g SDS per gram of protein. The charges intrinsic to the protein become insignificant compared to the overall negative charge provided by the bound SDS. The charge to mass ratio is essentially the same for each protein and will migrate in the gel based only on their size.

Supplier: Honeywell Research Chemicals

Coulometric Karl Fischer titrations normally require two reagent solutions: an anolyte (the solution in the anodic compartment) and a catholyte (the solution in the cathodic compartment).

Supplier: Prosci

Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) is expressed in glial cells within the central and peripheral nervous systems. CNTF stimulates gene expression, cell survival or differentiation in a variety of neuronal cell types such as sensory, sympathetic, ciliary and motor neurons. CNTF itself lacks a classical signal peptide sequence of a secreted protein, but is thought to convey its cytoprotective effects after release from adult glial cells by some mechanism induced by injury.