"Adipogen"

Supplier: Adipogen

Human CD137 (4-1BB) is expressed on activated T cells within 24-48 hours of activation. CD137 is a type I membrane protein and a member of the TNF receptor superfamily. CD137 appears to be important for T cell proliferation and survival and induces monocyte activation.

Supplier: Adipogen

Rubiginone D2 is an anti-tumor compound.

Supplier: Adipogen

Human CD272 (BTLA; B and T Lymphocyte Attenuator) is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and has sequence homology to PD-1 and CTLA-4. It is expressed on T and B lymphocytes and other hemopoetic lineages. Engagement of this molecule by its ligand CD270 (HVEM) can downregulate activated T and B cell responses. CD272 levels on antigen specific CD8+ T cells have been reported to decrease in viral specific, but not melanoma specific activated lines. Polymorphism of the CD272 molecule has been linked to rheumatoid arthritis.

Supplier: Adipogen

Irisin is a recently described exercise and PGC1-alpha-induced myokine secreted by skeletal muscle in mice and humans. Irisin has been shown to induce browning of white adipose tissue, but this role has been questioned and a new function in the control of mass and strength of cortical bone has been reported. The membrane fibronectin type III domain containing protein 5 (FNDC5) can be cleaved by an unknown protease to release the Irisin protein (aa 32-143 for human) and potentially also the FNDC5 (extracellular domain, aa 32-153 for human).

Supplier: Adipogen

The human CD3/T cell receptor (TcR) complex is made up of the CD3 proteins (gamma, delta, 2 epsilon) and teh zeta-chain in association with either alpha/beta or gamma/delta proteins of the TcR. The TcR recognizes antigens in association with MHC molecules after which protein chains of the CD3 complex mediate activation signals triggered by TcR antigen binding. CD3 is expressed on greater than 95% of circulating human peripheral T cells.

Supplier: Adipogen

Human CD6 is expressed on peripheral blood T cells, most thymocytes and a subset of B cells. CD6 is similar to CD5 and contains three cysteine-rich domains with structural homology to the macrophage scavenger receptor. CD6 is involved in T cell activation and its ligand was recently identified.

Supplier: Adipogen

In recent years several groups have studied the sequence requirements, specificity, signaling pathways and kinetics of the TLR (Toll-like receptor) 9 suppression by inhibitory oligonucleotide motifs, which led to a class of novel inhibitory oligonucleotide (iODNs), that is independent of the previously thought species preference. Subsequently it has been discovered that telomeric DNA repeats (TTAGGG)n can block immune activation by CpG-ODNs. Short, 11-15 base long oligonucleotides were synthesized that were capable of potently inhibiting CpG-stimulation. The optimal inhibitory DNA motif consists of a pyrimidine-rich triplet, preferably CCT, which is positioned 5- to the GGG sequence in a singlestranded DNA molecule. Additionally, both the optimal spacing between the CCT and GGG motifs, as well as their relative order to each other, is of crucial importance for the inhibitory DNA action. Interestingly, although both TLR7/TLR8 ligands and bacterial DNA share the endosomal compartment for receptor binding and signal transduction, certain iODNs (G-type) suppress only TLR9-mediated activation, whereas prototype class I iODN may also interfere with the activation via the TLR7/TLR8 pathway. Recently, intriguing evidence has been presented that for some iODN classes the immuno-modulatory biological activity shows only limited sequence dependency or may not even involve TLR-mediated uptake and signaling pathways. For example iODNs of the class II are thought to act on immune activation through inhibition of STAT signaling and independent of TLR signaling via binding to a yet to be identified 'ODN-receptor'. Slightly modified phosphodiester versions of the most potent inhibitory ODNs were also able to profoundly block the immune activation of macrophages and just recently prove to be valuable tools for in vivo use in experimental animal models of inflammatory and auto-immune diseases. Based upon these recent insights the following classification for iODNs has been suggested: Class I: G-stretch ODNs: TLR9-specific competitors, some iODNs may also affect TLR7 and TLR8 signalingClass II: ODNs with telomeric repeats: TLR-independent inhibitors of STAT signaling (cellular uptake via an 'ODN receptor'?)Class III: Inhibitors of DNA uptake in a sequence independent mannerClass IV: Long phosphorothioate ODNs as direct competitors of TLR9 signaling in a sequence independent manner

Supplier: Adipogen

Tricyclic antidepressant and anxiolytic compound. Acts as a high affinity sigma receptor agonist, primarily at the sigma1 subtype, but also at the sigma2 subtype with somewhat lower affinity. Shows a low to moderate antagonistic affinity for the D2, 5-HT2, H1, H2, and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. H1 and H2 receptor antagonism account for its antihistamine effects, and muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonism is responsible for its anticholinergic properties.

Supplier: Adipogen

Derivatizing reagent with strong fluorescence.

Supplier: Adipogen

IC87114 is a potent, ATP-competitive, and selective inhibitor of PI3Kdelta. IC(50) values (130-500nM) for IC87114 are sub-micromolar over a wide range of ATP concentrations from 10µM to 200µM. IC87114 can selectively inhibit cellular migration but not adhesion as well as cellular polarization. More recent work has shown the PIK3delta inhibition also plays a role in autoimmune disease suppression.

Supplier: Adipogen

The Notch ligand delta-like protein 1 (DLL1) is essential for postnatal arteriogenesis and contributes to tumor progression. DLL1 is involved in differentiation and self-renewal of adipocyte stem cells. It blocks the differentiation of progenitor cells into the B cell lineage while promoting the emergence of a population of cells with the characteristics of a T cell/NK-cell precursor.

Supplier: Adipogen

Antibiotic

Supplier: Adipogen

CTRP3 plays an important role in regulating both embryonic cartilage development and postnatal longitudinal bone growth. CTRP3 stimulation leads to ERK1/2-dependent cell proliferation in human osteosarcoma cell lines.

Supplier: Adipogen

ANGPTL3 regulates angiogenesis and also directly regulates lipid, glucose, and energy metabolism.

Supplier: Adipogen

Neutrophils are key components of the inflammatory response and as such contribute to the killing of microorganisms. In addition, recent evidence suggests their involvement in the development of the immune response. The Nimp-R14 mAb displays features of an optimal reagent allowing the selective depletion of mouse neutrophils in vivo.

Supplier: Adipogen

Reference standard.