You searched for: Enzymes

Supplier: PROSCI

Pyruvate Kinase Isozymes R/L (PKLR) belongs to the pyruvate kinase family, There are 4 isozymes of pyruvate kinase in mammals: L, R, M1 and M2. L type is major isozyme in the liver; R is found in red cells; M1 is the main form in muscle, heart and brain; M2 is found in early fetal tissues. PKLR exists as a homotetramer and catalyses the production of phosphoenolpyruvate from pyruvate and ATP. Defects in PKLR are also the cause of pyruvate kinase deficiency of red cells, which is a frequent cause of hereditary non-spherocytic hemolytic anemia.

Supplier: PROSCI

Isopentenyl Pyrophosphate Isomerase 2 (IDI2) belongs to the IPP isomerase type 1 family. Both isozymes, IDI1 and IDI2 are localised to the peroxisome by a PTS1-dependent pathway. IDI2 is expressed in skeletal muscle, which contains one nudix hydrolase domain. IDI2 binds one magnesium per subunit. IDI2 catalyses the 1,3-allylic rearrangement of the homoallylic substrate isopentenyl (IPP) to its highly electrophilic allylic isomer, dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP). It is reported that IDI2 is regulated independently from IDI1, by a mechanism that may involve PPAR- alpha.

Supplier: PROSCI

Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 1 (CAMK1) belongs to the protein kinase superfamily, CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family, and CaMK subfamily. CAMK1 contains one protein kinase domain and widely expressed. CAMK1 is phosphorylated by CaMKK1 and CaMKK2 on Thr-177. CAMK1 regulates transcription activators activity, cell cycle, hormone production, cell differentiation, actin filament organisation, and neurite outgrowth. CAMK1 plays a role in K+ and ANG2-mediated regulation of the aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) to produce aldosterone in the adrenal cortex.

Supplier: PROSCI

Carboxypeptidase A4 (CPA4) is a member of the peptidase M14 family. CPA4 is metalloprotease that could be involved in the histone hyperacetylation pathway. CPA4 binds one zinc ion per subunit and could catalyse to release of a C-terminal amino acid, with preference for -Phe, -Leu, -Ile, -Met, -Tyr and -Val.They have distinct expression patterns and different specificities for example, preferentially cleaving aromatic (carboxypeptidase As) or basic (carboxypeptidase Bs) residues. Several, such as carboxypeptidase Xs, have lost their catalytic activity. Carboxypeptidases play important roles in digestion of food, processing of bioactive peptides and blood coagulation.

Supplier: PROSCI

Trans-2-Enoyl-CoA Reductase Mitochondrial (MECR) belongs to the zinc-containing alcohol dehydrogenase family. MECR localises to the mitochondrion. It is highly expressed in skeletal and heart muscle and expressed at lower levels in the placenta, liver, kidney and pancreas, with weakly or no expression in the lung. MECR exists as a homodimer, which catalyses the reduction of trans-2-enoyl-CoA to acyl-CoA with chain length from C6 to C16 in an NADPH-dependent manner with preference to medium chain length substrate. MECR may take part in the mitochondrial synthesis of fatty acids.

Supplier: PROSCI

Sialate O-Acetylesterase (SIAE) belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on carboxylic ester bonds. SIAE is widely expressed with high expression levels in the testis, prostate, and colon. SIAE catalyses N-acetyl-O-acetylneuraminate and H2O to N-acetylneuraminate and acetate. SIAE removes O-acetyl ester groups from position 9 of the parent sialic acid, N-acetylneuraminic acid. SIAE down-regulates B lymphocyte antigen receptor signaling (involving CD22), and is required for immunological tolerance. Loss of function mutations in SIAE are much more frequently found in humans with autoimmune diseases especially rheumatoid arthritis and type 1 diabetes.

Supplier: PROSCI

Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP2(FKBP2 for short), also named 13 kDa FK506-binding protein, FK506-binding protein 2, Immunophilin FKBP13, Rotamase, is a endoplasmic reticulum peripheral membrane protein. It contains 1 PPIase FKBP-type domain and belongs to the FKBP-type PPIase family, FKBP2 subfamily which takes part in immunoregulation and basic cellular processes involving protein folding and trafficking. FKBP2 is a cis-trans prolyl isomerase that binds the immunosuppressants FK506 and rapamycin. FKBP2 functions as an ER chaperone and as a component of membrane cytoskeletal scaffolds.

Supplier: PROSCI

Aspartoacylase 3, also known as ACY3, N-acyl-aromatic-L-amino acid amidohydrolase (carboxylate-forming), Acylase III, Aminoacylase-3, Aspartoacylase-2, Aspartoacylase-2, HCV core-binding protein 1 and ASPA2, is a member of the Aspartoacylase subfamily. ACY3 plays an important role in deacetylating mercapturic acids in kidney proximal tubules and acts on N-acetyl-aromatic amino acids.ACY3 is located in the cytoplasm of S2 and S3 proximal tubules and the apical domain of S1 proximal tubules. ACY3 protein is also expressed at low levels in stomach, testis, heart, brain, lung and liver, and may function as an HCV (Hepatitis C virus) core binding protein.

Supplier: PROSCI

Recombinant Human Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9/PCSK9 (D374Y) is a gain of function mutant of human PCSK9 protein. Human PCSK9 is a secretory subtilase belonging to the proteinase K subfamily. PCSK9 is synthesised as a soluble zymogen that undergoes autocatalytic intramolecular processing in the ER, the pro domain and mature chain are secreted together through noncovalent interactions. PCSK9 binds with low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and it plays a major regulatory role in cholesterol homeostasis. Inhibition of PCSK9 function by preventing PCSK9/LDLR interaction is currently being explored as a means of lowering cholesterol levels. PCSK9 also binds to apolipoprotein receptor 2 (ApoER2), and play a role in the neural development.

Supplier: PROSCI

Carboxypeptidase A2 (CPA) is a secreted pancreatic procarboxy-peptidase that cleaves the C-terminal amide or ester bond of peptides that have a free C-terminal carboxyl group. The hydrolytic action of CPA2 was identified with a preference towards long substrates with aromatic amino acids in their C-terminal end, particularly tryptophan. CPA2 comprises a signal peptide, a pro region and a mature chain, and can be activated after cleavage of the pro peptide. Three different forms of human pancreatic procarboxypeptidase A have been isolated, and the A1 and A2 forms are always secreted as monomeric proteins with different biochemical properties. In contrast to procarboxypeptidase B which was always secreted by the pancreas as a monomer, procarboxypeptidase A occurs as a monomer and/or associated to one or two functionally different proteins, such as zymogen E, and is involved in zymogen inhibition.

Supplier: PROSCI

Ubiquinone Biosynthesis Protein COQ7 Homolog (COQ7) is a mitochondrion inner membrane and peripheral membrane protein which belongs to the COQ7 family. It is expressed dominantly in heart and skeletal muscle. COQ7 is synthesised as a preprotein that is imported into the mitochondrial matrix, where the sequence is cleaved off and the mature protein becomes loosely associated with the inner membrane. COQ7 is involved in lifespan determination in ubiquinone-independent manner and also involved in ubiquinone biosynthesis. COQ7 is potential central metabolic regulator. Human COQ7 protein contains 179 amino acids, is mostly helical, and contains an alpha-helical membrane insertion. It has been shown that mutations in the gene are associated with increased life span. Defects of the gene slow down a variety of developmental and physiological processes, including the cell cycle, embryogenesis, post-embryonic growth, rhythmic behaviors and aging.

Supplier: PanReac AppliChem

Pig Trypsin (from Pancreas)

Supplier: Corning

0,05% Trypsin/0,53 mM EDTA in HBSS (Hank’s Balanced Salt Solution) with sodium bicarbonate, without calcium and magnesium.

Supplier: PROSCI

Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 Member C2 (AKR1C2) plays a role in concert with the 5- alpha/5- beta -Steroid Reductases to convert Steroid hormones into the 3- alpha/5- alpha and 3- alpha/5- beta -Tetrahydrosteroids. AKR1C2 catalyses the inactivation of the most potent androgen 5- alpha-Dihydrotestosterone (5- alpha-DHT) to 5- alpha-Androstane-3- alpha, 17- beta -diol (3- alpha-diol).

Supplier: PROSCI

Glycine N-Methyltransferase (GNMT) is a tetrameric cytosolic protein. GNMT catalyses the synthesis of N-methylglycine from glycine using S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) as the methyl donor. It can affects DNA methylation by regulating the ratio of S-adenosylmethionine to S-adenosylhomocystine, playing an important role in maintaining normal AdoMet levels. GNMT is highly expressed in liver. As a major folate-binding protein, GNMT takes part in the detoxification pathway. Defects in GNMT are the cause of hypermethioninemia. the patients with this deficiency are mild hepatomegaly and chronic elevation of serum transaminases.

Supplier: PROSCI

PGK1 is called phosphoglycerate kinase that involved in a critical energy-producing process known as glycolysis. Phosphoglycerate kinase helps carry out a chemical reaction that converts a molecule called 1,3-diphosphoglycerate, which is produced during the breakdown of glucose, to another molecule called 3-phosphoglycerate during glycolysis. PGK1 The encoded protein may also act as a cofactor for polymerase alpha.. The protein has been identified as a moonlighting protein based on its ability to perform mechanistically distinct functions.

Supplier: PROSCI

Carbonic Anhydrase X (CA10) belongs to CA family of zinc metalloenzymes, which catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide in various biological processes such as respiration, renal tubular acidification and bone resorption. While CA10 is a secreted protein without Carbonic Anhydrase activity (i.e., the reversible hydration of CO2) due to point mutations in the zinc binding site, it has esterase activity. The human and mouse CA10 are expressed in the brain, indicating that they may play a role in brain development.

Supplier: PROSCI

Uridinephosphorylase 1 (UPP1) is a member of the family of pentosyltransferase. UPP1 catalyses the reversible phosphorolysis of uridine to uracil. The expression levels and the enzymatic activity of UPP1 are higher in human solid tumors than in adjacent normal tissues. The high level of UPP1 expression in some tumors makes it a potential prognosticfactor for some cancers, such as oral squamous cell carcinoma. UPP1 is important for the homeostatic regulation of intracellular and plasma uridine concentratios. UPP1 plays an important role in the pyrimidine salvage pathway through its catalysis of the reversible phosphorolysis of uridine to uracil.

Supplier: PROSCI

Xaa-Pro aminopeptidase 2 (XPNPEP2) belongs to the peptidase M24B family of metalloproteases. Human XPNPEP2 is widely expressed in various tissues, such as kidney, lung, heart, placenta, liver, small intestine and colon. However, it doesn’t express in brain, skeletal muscle, pancreas, spleen, thymus, prostate, testis and ovary. XPNPEP2 is a Homotrimer which binds 2 manganese ions per subunit. The metalloprotease XPNPEP2 may play a role in the inflammatory process and other reactions produced in response to injury or infection and the metabolism of the vasodilator bradykinin.

Supplier: PROSCI

D-tyrosyl-tRNA(Tyr) deacylase 1(DTD1) belongs to the DTD family, and expressed in many adult and fetal tissues such as testis, ovary, spleen in adult and fetal brain. It is a nucleus and cytoplasm located protein, and is preferentially phosphorylated in cells arrested early in S phase. DTD1 is an ATPase involved in DNA replication, it may facilitate loading of CDC45 onto pre-replication complexes. The protein may hydrolyse D-tyrosyl-tRNA(Tyr) into D-tyrosine and free tRNA(Tyr), a possible defense mechanism against a harmful effect of D-tyrosine.

Supplier: PROSCI

Selenophosphate synthetase 1 (SEPHS1) belongs to the selenophosphate synthase 1 family, Class II subfamily. It has four different isoforms by alternative splicing. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are gradually expressed during the cell cycle until G2/M phase and then decreased, which Isoform 3 is gradually expressed during the cell cycle until S phase and then decreased. SEPHS1 can be activated by phosphate ions and by potassium ions. It can synthesise synthesises selenophosphate from selenide and ATP. Selenophosphate is the selenium donor used to synthesise selenocysteine, which is co-translationally incorporated into selenoproteins at in-frame UGA codons.

Supplier: PROSCI

Peptidyl-Prolyl Cis-Trans Isomerase-Like 1 (PPIase) belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family. PPIases can accelerate the folding of proteins and catalyze the cis-trans isomerisaion of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides. PPIase is a ubiquitous protein and has highly expression in heart ,skeletal and muscle. PPIase contains a PPIase cyclophilin-type domain and four Cyclosporin A binding regions. PPIase might play an important role in proliferation of cancer cells through modulation of phosphorylation of stathmin. It is suggested that PPIase can act as as a novel molecular target for colon-cancer therapy.

Supplier: PROSCI

Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) belongs to the cyclin-dependent kinase of Ser/Thr protein kinase. CDK2 acts as a catalytic subunit of the cyclin dependent kinase complex, whose activity is restricted to the G1-S phage of the cell cycle, it is essential for the G1/S transition. The kinase activity of CDK2 can be regulated by the association with a cyclin subunit, its phosphorylation state and CDK inhibitors. The activation of the CDK2/cyclin complex requires the phosphorylation of Thr160 and the dephosphorylation of Try14 and Tyr15. The inhibition of CDK2-cyclin complex can also be attributed to association with p27Kip1 and p21Waf1/Cip1. The activation of CDK2 has been shown to be necessary for apoptosis of quiescent cells, such as neurons, thymocytes and endothelial cells.

Supplier: PROSCI

Prostaglandin-H2 D-Isomerase (PTGDS) belongs to the Lipocalin family of calycin superfamily. PTGDS is preferentially expressed in the brain. PTGDS catalyses the conversion of PGH2 to PGD2, a prostaglandin involved in smooth muscle contraction/relaxation and a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation. PTGDS is involved in a variety of CNS functions, such as sedation, REM sleep and PGE2-induced allodynia, and may have an anti-apoptotic role in oligodendrocytes. PTGDS binds small non-substrate lipophilic molecules and may act as a scavenger for harmful hydrophopic molecules and a secretory retinoid and thyroid hormone transporter. It possibly participates in development and maintenance of the blood-brain, blood-retina, blood-aqueous humor, blood-testis barrier, the central nervous system and male reproductive system.

Supplier: PROSCI

Mouse Ca14,also known as Carbonic anhydrase 14,is a member of large family of zinc metalloenzymes. It could catalyse reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. The reaction is fundamental to many processes such as respiration, renal tubular acidification and bone resorption. Fifteen CA isoforms have been reported so far. They have different patterns of tissue-specific expression and physiologic roles. Some CAs may serve as markers for tumours and hypoxia. CA XIV is a polypeptide consisting of an extracellular N-terminal catalytic domain, a membrane-spanning segment and a short intracellular C- terminal segment with several potential phosphorylation sites. A subset of CAs lack CA activity due to point mutations but retain esterase function. CA14 is widely expressed in the central nervous system.

Supplier: ABNOVA

Collagenases are enzymes that break the peptide bonds in collagen.

Supplier: ABNOVA

Collagenases are enzymes that break the peptide bonds in collagen.

Supplier: MP BIOMEDICALS

Zymolyase-20T is an enzyme preparation from a submerged culture of Arthrobacter luteus which effectively lyses cell walls of viable yeast cells. The primary enzyme in this preparation responsible for lysis of viable yeast cells is ß-1,3-glucan laminaripentaohydrolase. It hydrolyzes glucose polymers at the ß-1,3-glucan linkages releasing laminaripentaose as the principal product.

Supplier: MP BIOMEDICALS

One bacterial amylase unit is defined as that quantity of enzyme which will dextrinise one milligram of starch per minute at pH 6,6 and 30 °C.

Supplier: Spectrum Chemical

Papain, powder, purified, is a cysteine protease enzyme the is present in the papaya fruit.