127976 Results for: "Bioss"

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Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone (By similarity).

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The product of this gene is a mitogen induced GTPase activating protein (GAP). It exhibits a specific GAP activity for Ras-related regulatory proteins Rap1 and Rap2, but not for Ran or other small GTPases. This protein may also hamper mitogen-induced cell cycle progression when abnormally or prematurely expressed. It is localised to the perinuclear region. Two alternatively spliced variants encoding the same isoform have been characterised to date.

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Involved in intracellular protein transport probably out of a prevacuolar endosomal compartment. May be involved in the release of components of the bilayered coat from the endosomal membrane. The association with ESCRT-III complex mediates the ATP-dependent disassembly of the ESCRT-III complex. In case of infection, the HIV-1 virus takes advantage of it for budding and exocytic cargos of viral proteins.

Supplier: Bioss

The product of this gene is a mitogen induced GTPase activating protein (GAP). It exhibits a specific GAP activity for Ras-related regulatory proteins Rap1 and Rap2, but not for Ran or other small GTPases. This protein may also hamper mitogen-induced cell cycle progression when abnormally or prematurely expressed. It is localised to the perinuclear region. Two alternatively spliced variants encoding the same isoform have been characterised to date.

Supplier: Bioss

The expression of DUSP1 gene is induced in human skin fibroblasts by oxidative/heat stress and growth factors. It specifies a protein with structural features similar to members of the non-receptor-type protein-tyrosine phosphatase family, and which has significant amino-acid sequence similarity to a Tyr/Ser-protein phosphatase encoded by the late gene H1 of vaccinia virus. The bacterially expressed and purified DUSP1 protein has intrinsic phosphatase activity, and specifically inactivates mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase in vitro by the concomitant dephosphorylation of both its phosphothreonine and phosphotyrosine residues.

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Required for the cytoplasmic dynein-driven retrograde movement of vesicles and organelles along microtubules. Dynein-dynactin interaction is a key component of the mechanism of axonal transport of vesicles and organelles.Tissue specificity; Brain.Involvement in disease; Defects in DCTN1 are the cause of distal hereditary motor neuronopathy type 7B (HMN7B); also known as progressive lower motor neuron disease (PLMND). HMN7B is a neuromuscular disorder. Distal hereditary motor neuronopathies constitute a heterogeneous group of neuromuscular disorders caused by selective degeneration of motor neurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord, without sensory deficit in the posterior horn. The overall clinical picture consists of a classical distal muscular atrophy syndrome in the legs without clinical sensory loss. The disease starts with weakness and wasting of distal muscles of the anterior tibial and peroneal compartments of the legs. Later on, weakness and atrophy may expand to the proximal muscles of the lower limbs and/or to the distal upper limbs.Defects in DCTN1 are a cause of susceptibility to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). ALS is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting upper and lower motor neurons, and resulting in fatal paralysis. Sensory abnormalities are absent. Death usually occurs within 2 to 5 years. The etiology is likely to be multifactorial, involving both genetic and environmental factors.Defects in DCTN1 are the cause of Perry syndrome (PERRYS); also called parkinsonism with alveolar hypoventilation and mental depression. Perry syndrome is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by mental depression not responsive to antidepressant drugs or electroconvulsive therapy, sleep disturbances, exhaustion and marked weight loss. Parkinsonism develops later and respiratory failure occurred terminally.

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The expression of DUSP1 gene is induced in human skin fibroblasts by oxidative/heat stress and growth factors. It specifies a protein with structural features similar to members of the non-receptor-type protein-tyrosine phosphatase family, and which has significant amino-acid sequence similarity to a Tyr/Ser-protein phosphatase encoded by the late gene H1 of vaccinia virus. The bacterially expressed and purified DUSP1 protein has intrinsic phosphatase activity, and specifically inactivates mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase in vitro by the concomitant dephosphorylation of both its phosphothreonine and phosphotyrosine residues.

Supplier: Bioss

CCDC17, also known as FLJ17921 or RP4-697E16.4, is a 622 amino acid protein expressed as four isoforms and encoded by a gene mapping to human chromosome 1. Chromosome 1 is the largest human chromosome spanning about 260 million base pairs and making up 8% of the human genome. There are about 3,000 genes on chromosome 1, and considering the great number of genes there are also a large number of diseases associated with chromosome 1. Notably, the rare aging disease Hutchinson-Gilford progeria is associated with the LMNA gene which encodes lamin A. When defective, the LMNA gene product can build up in the nucleus and cause characteristic nuclear blebs. The mechanism of rapidly enhanced aging is unclear and is a topic of continuing exploration. The MUTYH gene is located on chromosome 1 and is partially responsible for familial adenomatous polyposis. Stickler syndrome, Parkinsons, Gaucher disease and Usher syndrome are also associated with chromosome 1. A breakpoint has been identified in 1q which disrupts the DISC1 gene and is linked to schizophrenia. Aberrations in chromosome 1 are found in a variety of cancers including head and neck cancer, malignant melanoma and multiple myeloma.

Supplier: Bioss

CCDC17, also known as FLJ17921 or RP4-697E16.4, is a 622 amino acid protein expressed as four isoforms and encoded by a gene mapping to human chromosome 1. Chromosome 1 is the largest human chromosome spanning about 260 million base pairs and making up 8% of the human genome. There are about 3,000 genes on chromosome 1, and considering the great number of genes there are also a large number of diseases associated with chromosome 1. Notably, the rare aging disease Hutchinson-Gilford progeria is associated with the LMNA gene which encodes lamin A. When defective, the LMNA gene product can build up in the nucleus and cause characteristic nuclear blebs. The mechanism of rapidly enhanced aging is unclear and is a topic of continuing exploration. The MUTYH gene is located on chromosome 1 and is partially responsible for familial adenomatous polyposis. Stickler syndrome, Parkinsons, Gaucher disease and Usher syndrome are also associated with chromosome 1. A breakpoint has been identified in 1q which disrupts the DISC1 gene and is linked to schizophrenia. Aberrations in chromosome 1 are found in a variety of cancers including head and neck cancer, malignant melanoma and multiple myeloma.

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KLHL9 is the substrate-specific adapter for a CUL3-based E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex. Within this complex, KLHL9 controls the dynamic behavior of AURKB on mitotic chromosomes and thereby coordinates faithful mitotic progression and completion of cytokinesis.

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Ubiquitin-protein hydrolase involved both in the processing of ubiquitin precursors and of ubiquitinated proteins. This enzyme is a thiol protease that Recognises and hydrolyses a peptide bond at the C-terminal glycine of ubiquitin. Also binds to free monoubiquitin and may prevent its degradation in lysosomes. The homodimer may have ATP-independent ubiquitin ligase activity.

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May act as a redox regulator involved in DUOX proteins folding. The interaction with DUOX1 and DUOX2 suggest that it belongs to a multiprotein complex constituting the thyroid H(2)O(2) generating system. It is however not sufficient to assist DUOX1 and DUOX2 in H(2)O(2) generation.

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The protein encoded by this gene shares significant homology to the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) protein-binding EB1 gene family. This protein is a microtubule-associated protein that is necessary for spindle symmetry during mitosis. It is thought to play a role in the tumorigenesis of colorectal cancers and the proliferative control of normal cells. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2012].

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Thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) are transcription factors that regulate the expression of specific genes in a hormone-dependent manner. TRIP13 is a transcription factor that interacts with the ligand binding domain of the thyroid receptor (TR) as well as a variety of target genes including human papilloma virus type 16 (HPV16) E1. Unlike most TRIP proteins which function only in the presence of hormones, TRIP13 does not require the presence of thyroid hormone to interact with TR. The association of TRIP13 with (HPV16) E1 suggests that TRIP13 may have tumour suppressor gene function. TRIP13 is a 432 amino acid protein with 2 different isoforms produced by alternative splicing.

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Lass5, or LAG1 longevity assurance homolog 5, is thought to be either a bona fide (dihydro)ceramide synthase or a modulator of its activity. When overexpressed in cells is involved in the production of sphingolipids containing mainly one fatty acid donnor ceramide) in a fumonisin B1-independent manner.

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DNA damage results in the arrest of cell cycle progression, allowing the damaged DNA to be repaired prior to replication. Checkpoints exist at several cell cycle phase transitions to maintain this genetic integrity. Rad9, Rad17, Rad24 and Mec3 are involved in activating the G1 and G2 checkpoints (1–4). Pol2 (also known as Dun2), encoding the catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase epsilon, plays a role in activating the S phase checkpoint (5). The protein kinase Rad53 (also designated Spk1, Mec2 or Sad1) is essential for both G2 and S phase arrest. Activation of Rad53 is regulated by Mec1 (also known as Esr1 and Sad3), a homolog of the human ATM protein (6). Pds1 and Mad2 both regulate checkpoints associated with incomplete spindle replication (7,8). Dun1, another protein kinase, plays a role in transducing the DNA damage signal (9).

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KLHL13 (kelch like 13), also known as BKLHD2 (BTB and kelch domain containing protein 2), is a 604 amino acid protein that contains six Kelch repeats and one BTB/POZ domain. Expressed predominantly in brain, KLHL13 is believed to play a role in protein ubiquitination and may function as a substrate specific adapter of an E3 ubiquitin protein ligase complex. E3 ligases accept a ubiquitin residue from an E2 ubiquitin conjugating enzyme and immediately transfer that residue to a protein that is targeted for degradation. Specifically, KLHL13 interacts with KLHL9 and CUL3, a member of the cullin family of mediators that participate in the selective targeting of proteins for ubiquitin mediated proteolysis. Via its BTB and C terminal Kelch (BACK) motif, KLHL13 is thought to play a role in spatially orientating substrates in the CUL3 ligase.

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Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection induces a disease state characterised by liver damage, inflammation and viral persistence. Infection also increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. HBV belongs to the Hepadnaviridae family of viruses. Its genome consists of partially double stranded circular DNA. The DNA is enclosed in a nucleocapsid, or core antigen (HBcAg), which is surrounded by a spherical envelope (surface antigen or HBsAg). The core antigen shares its sequences with the e antigen (HBeAg) but no cross reactivity between the two proteins has been observed. The HBV genome also encodes a DNA polymerase that also acts as a reverse transcriptase. Hepatitis B infection is normally diagnosed from serological tests that detect HBsAg but as the disease progresses this antigen may no longer be present in the blood and tests for HBcAg are used. If HBsAg can be detected in the blood for longer than six months, chronic hepatitis B is diagnosed. The antigenic determinant of the protein moiety of the HBsAg determines specific characteristics of different serotypes and provides the basis of immunodetection. HBsAg has antigenic heterogeneity, specifically, two pairs of sub specific determinants, d/y and w/r allow the following combinations: adw, ayw, adr, ayr.

Supplier: Bioss

Ubiquitin-protein hydrolase involved both in the processing of ubiquitin precursors and of ubiquitinated proteins. This enzyme is a thiol protease that recognizes and hydrolyzes a peptide bond at the C-terminal glycine of ubiquitin. Also binds to free monoubiquitin and may prevent its degradation in lysosomes. The homodimer may have ATP-independent ubiquitin ligase activity.

Supplier: Bioss

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the NF-kappa-B inhibitor family, which inhibit NF-kappa-B by complexing with, and trapping it in the cytoplasm. Phosphorylation of serine residues on these proteins by kinases marks them for destruction via the ubiquitination pathway, thereby allowing activation of the NF-kappa-B, which translocates to the nucleus to function as a transcription factor. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene.

Supplier: Bioss

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection induces a disease state characterised by liver damage, inflammation and viral persistence. Infection also increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. HBV belongs to the Hepadnaviridae family of viruses. Its genome consists of partially double stranded circular DNA. The DNA is enclosed in a nucleocapsid, or core antigen (HBcAg), which is surrounded by a spherical envelope (surface antigen or HBsAg). The core antigen shares its sequences with the e antigen (HBeAg) but no cross reactivity between the two proteins has been observed. The HBV genome also encodes a DNA polymerase that also acts as a reverse transcriptase. Hepatitis B infection is normally diagnosed from serological tests that detect HBsAg but as the disease progresses this antigen may no longer be present in the blood and tests for HBcAg are used. If HBsAg can be detected in the blood for longer than six months, chronic hepatitis B is diagnosed. The antigenic determinant of the protein moiety of the HBsAg determines specific characteristics of different serotypes and provides the basis of immunodetection. HBsAg has antigenic heterogeneity, specifically, two pairs of sub specific determinants, d/y and w/r allow the following combinations: adw, ayw, adr, ayr.

Supplier: Bioss

KLHL13 (kelch like 13), also known as BKLHD2 (BTB and kelch domain containing protein 2), is a 604 amino acid protein that contains six Kelch repeats and one BTB/POZ domain. Expressed predominantly in brain, KLHL13 is believed to play a role in protein ubiquitination and may function as a substrate specific adapter of an E3 ubiquitin protein ligase complex. E3 ligases accept a ubiquitin residue from an E2 ubiquitin conjugating enzyme and immediately transfer that residue to a protein that is targeted for degradation. Specifically, KLHL13 interacts with KLHL9 and CUL3, a member of the cullin family of mediators that participate in the selective targeting of proteins for ubiquitin mediated proteolysis. Via its BTB and C terminal Kelch (BACK) motif, KLHL13 is thought to play a role in spatially orientating substrates in the CUL3 ligase.

Supplier: Bioss

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection induces a disease state characterised by liver damage, inflammation and viral persistence. Infection also increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. HBV belongs to the Hepadnaviridae family of viruses. Its genome consists of partially double stranded circular DNA. The DNA is enclosed in a nucleocapsid, or core antigen (HBcAg), which is surrounded by a spherical envelope (surface antigen or HBsAg). The core antigen shares its sequences with the e antigen (HBeAg) but no cross reactivity between the two proteins has been observed. The HBV genome also encodes a DNA polymerase that also acts as a reverse transcriptase. Hepatitis B infection is normally diagnosed from serological tests that detect HBsAg but as the disease progresses this antigen may no longer be present in the blood and tests for HBcAg are used. If HBsAg can be detected in the blood for longer than six months, chronic hepatitis B is diagnosed. The antigenic determinant of the protein moiety of the HBsAg determines specific characteristics of different serotypes and provides the basis of immunodetection. HBsAg has antigenic heterogeneity, specifically, two pairs of sub specific determinants, d/y and w/r allow the following combinations: adw, ayw, adr, ayr.

Supplier: Bioss

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the NF-kappa-B inhibitor family, which inhibit NF-kappa-B by complexing with, and trapping it in the cytoplasm. Phosphorylation of serine residues on these proteins by kinases marks them for destruction via the ubiquitination pathway, thereby allowing activation of the NF-kappa-B, which translocates to the nucleus to function as a transcription factor. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene.

Supplier: Bioss

Semaphorins are a family of cell surface and secreted proteins involved in neural development that are conserved from insects to humans. Members of this family are approximately 750 amino acids in length (including signal sequences) and are defined by a conserved extracellular “semaphorin” domain of approximately 500 amino acids containing 14-16 cysteines, blocks of conserved sequences and no obvious repeats. The transmembrane semaphorins are characterized by an additional 80 amino acid transmembrane domain and an 80-110 amino acid cytoplasmic domain. SEMA6C, also known as SEMA Y, is a transmembrane protein expressed in fetal brain and adult skeletal muscle. Three isoforms of this semaphorin exist due to alternative splicing: SEMA6C 1, SEMA6C 2 and SEMA6C 3. The extracellular domain of SEMA6C induces growth cone collapse of dorsal root ganglion and plays a role in generation or stability of entorhino-hippocampal synapses.

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Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hormone or neurotransmitter release, gene expression, cell motility, cell division and cell death. The isoform alpha-1D gives rise to L-type calcium currents. Long-lasting (L-type) calcium channels belong to the 'high-voltage activated' (HVA) group. They are blocked by dihydropyridines (DHP), phenylalkylamines, benzothiazepines, and by omega-agatoxin-IIIA (omega-Aga-IIIA). They are however insensitive to omega-conotoxin-GVIA (omega-CTx-GVIA) and omega-agatoxin-IVA (omega-Aga-IVA).

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IKB epsilon (Ser22).

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Probable molecular chaperone. Assists the folding of proteins upon ATP hydrolysis. As part of the BBS/CCT complex may play a role in the assembly of BBSome, a complex involved in ciliogenesis regulating transports vesicles to the cilia. May play a role in protein processing in limb, cardiac and reproductive system development. May play a role in cytokinesis.

Supplier: Bioss

Probable molecular chaperone. Assists the folding of proteins upon ATP hydrolysis. As part of the BBS/CCT complex may play a role in the assembly of BBSome, a complex involved in ciliogenesis regulating transports vesicles to the cilia. May play a role in protein processing in limb, cardiac and reproductive system development. May play a role in cytokinesis.

Supplier: Bioss

Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hormone or neurotransmitter release, gene expression, cell motility, cell division and cell death. The isoform alpha-1D gives rise to L-type calcium currents. Long-lasting (L-type) calcium channels belong to the 'high-voltage activated' (HVA) group. They are blocked by dihydropyridines (DHP), phenylalkylamines, benzothiazepines, and by omega-agatoxin-IIIA (omega-Aga-IIIA). They are however insensitive to omega-conotoxin-GVIA (omega-CTx-GVIA) and omega-agatoxin-IVA (omega-Aga-IVA).