129576 Results for: "cell+culture+serum&pageNo=10&view=easy"

Supplier: FUJIFILM IRVINE SCIENTIFIC, INC

Interleukin 13 (IL-13) is a cytokine secreted from type 2 T helper (Th2) cells. IL-13 has overlapping functions with interleukin 4 (IL-4), including the induction of immunoglobulin E (IgE) secretion from B cells, and the inhibition of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 8 (IL-8), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) inflammatory cytokine expression. IL-13 also regulates immune cell inflammation in response to the pathophysiological changes of surrounding non-immune cells. The IL-13 receptor consists of the IL-4Ra and IL-13Ra1 subunits. IL-13 can also bind the IL-13Ra2 receptor with high affinity. IL-13 functions are mediated through the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. Human and mouse IL-13 are cross-reactive.

Supplier: Prosci

This antibody recognizes a protein of 145kDa, identified as CD117, or p145kit. It is found on a wide variety of tumor cells including follicular and papillary carcinoma of thyroid, adenocarcinomas from endometrium, lung, ovary, pancreas, and breast as well as malignant melanoma, endodermal sinus tumor, and small cell carcinoma. However, CD117 antibody has been particularly useful in differentiating gastrointestinal stromal tumors from Kaposi’s sarcoma, tumors of smooth muscle origin, fibromatosis, and neural tumors of the GI tract. CD117 antibody is also useful in recognizing myeloblasts in bone marrow biopsy and clot section.

Supplier: Prosci

Thymidylate synthase converts deoxyuridine monophosphate (dUMP) to deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP), which is essential for DNA biosynthesis. Thymidylate synthase is also a critical target for the fluoropyrimidines, an important group of anti-neoplastic drugs that are widely used in the treatment of solid tumors. Both 5-FU and fluorodeoxyuridine are converted in tumor cells to FdUMP which inactivates thymidylate synthase by formation of a ternary covalent complex in the presence of the folate cofactor 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate. Expression of thymidylate synthase protein is associated with response to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in human colorectal, gastric, head and neck, and breast carcinomas.

Supplier: Prosci

Recognizes a protein of 75kDa, identified as gamma heavy chain of human immunoglobulins. It does not cross-react with IgA, IgM, IgE, or IgD, heavy chains, T-cells, monocytes, granulocytes, or erythrocytes. This mAb is useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkins lymphomas. The most common feature of these malignancies is the restricted expression of a single heavy chain class. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is clonal and therefore malignant.

Supplier: Prosci

Recognizes a single protein of 33-34kDa, identified as the prostate specific antigen (PSA). This mAb is highly specific to PSA and stains prostatic secretory and ductal epithelium in both normal and neoplastic tissues. PSA is a chymotrypsin-like serine protease (kallikrein family) exclusively produced by the prostate epithelium, and abundant in seminal fluid. PSA can be detected in the sera of patients with prostatic carcinoma. It is predominantly complexed to a liver-derived serine protease inhibitor, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (ACT). A higher proportion of serum PSA is complexed to ACT in prostate cancer than in benign prostate hyperplasia.

Supplier: Prosci

p21WAF1 is a specific inhibitor of cdk s and a tumor suppressor involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of malignancies. The expression of this gene acts as an inhibitor of the cell cycle during G1 phase and is tightly controlled by the tumor suppressor protein p53. Its expression is induced by the wild type, but not mutant, p53 suppressor protein. Normal cells generally display a rather intense nuclear p21 expression. Loss of p21 expression has been reported in many carcinomas (gastric carcinoma, non-small cell lung carcinoma, thyroid carcinoma).

Supplier: Prosci

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. There are two major classes of GABA receptors: the GABAA and the GABAB subtype of receptors. GABAB receptors are heterodimeric G protein-coupled receptors that mediate slow synaptic inhibition in the central nervous system. It has recently been demonstrated that AMPK binds directly to GABAB receptors and phosphorylates S783 in the cytoplasmic tail of the R2 subunit and that S783 plays a critical role in enhancing neuronal survival after ischemia as phosphorylation of S783 is evident in many brain regions and is increased dramatically after ischemic injury to the brain (Kuramoto et al., 2007).

Supplier: Peprotech

SDF-1α and β are stromal-derived, CXC chemokines that signal through the CXCR4 receptor. SDF-1α and β chemoattract B and T cells, and have been shown to induce migration of CD34+ stem cells. Additionally, the SDF-1 proteins exert HIV-suppressive activity in cells expressing the CXCR4 receptor. Human and murine SDF-1 proteins act across species. SDF-1α and β contain the four highly conserved cysteine residues present in CXC chemokines. The mature SDF-1β protein, produced by an N-terminal truncation of two additional amino acids, after removal of the signal sequence, contains 72 amino acid residues. Recombinant Murine SDF-1β (CXCL12) is an 8.5 kDa protein containing 72 amino acid residues.

Supplier: Tonbo Biosciences

The N418 antibody reacts with mouse CD11c, also known as integrin alpha X. This 150 kDa cell surface glycoprotein is part of a family of integrin receptors that mediate adhesion between cells (cell-cell) and components of the extracellular matrix, e.g. fibrinogen (cell-matrix). In addition, integrins are active signaling receptors which recruit leukocytes to inflammatory sites and promote cell activation. Complete, functional integrin receptors consist of distinct combinations of integrin chains which are differentially expressed. Integrin alpha X (CD11c) assembles with Integrin beta-2 (CD18) into a receptor complex known as CR4 which can bind and induce signaling through ICAMs and VCAM-1 on endothelial cells and can also facilitate removal of iC3b bearing foreign cells.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Vascular endothelial growth factor-A was originally isolated from tumor cells and referred to as Tumor Angiogenesis Factor or Vascular Permeability Factor. Although expressed at high levels in certain tumor-derived cells it is produced by a wide variety of cell types. In addition to stimulating vascular growth and vascular permeability it may play a role in stimulating vasolidation via nitric oxide-dependent pathways. Alternative splicing of the mRNA for VEGF-A results in several isoforms of the protein being produced. Rat and bovine VEGF are one amino acid shorter than the human factor, and the bovine and human sequences show a homology of 95 percent.

In contrast to other factors mitogenic for endothelial cells such as FGF-1, FGF-2 and PDGF, VEGF is synthesized as a precursor containing a typical hydrophobic secretory signal sequence of 26 amino acids. Glycosylation is not required for efficient secretion of VEGF. Recombinant Human VEGF produced in E.coli is a double, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 165 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 38231 Daltons.

Supplier: Gold Standard Diagnostics

The AIX1000™ is the first FDA cleared, fully automated system for nontreponemal RPR syphilis testing

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Dendritic cells (DCs) that control immune responses were recently found to capture and transport HIV from the mucosal area to remote lymph nodes, where DCs hand over HIV to CD4+ T lymphocytes. DCs also amplify the amount of virus and extend the duration of viral infectivity. Multiple strains of HIV-1, HIV-2 and SIV bind to DCs via DC-SIGN. ICAM-3 is the natural ligand for DC-SIGN. A DC-SIGN homologue (termed DC-SIGNR, L-SIGN, and DC-SIGN2) was identified recently. DC-SIGN forms a novel gene family with DC-SIGNR and many alternatively spliced isoforms of DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR are known to exisit. The expression of DC-SIGN was found in mucosal tissues including placenta, small intestine, and rectum.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

DDX3 contains all of the motifs of the DEAD-box family of RNA helicases, including the Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp sequence that gives the protein family its name and distinguishes it from other RNA helicases. DDX3 is localized to the X chromosome and has a highly conserved functional homolog (DBY) on the Y chromosome. DDX3 is thought to be involved in RNA splicing, RNA transport, and translation initiation. It has also been shown to be involved in cell growth control and is deregulated in hepatitis virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. Recent experiments suppressing DDX3 expression blocked HIV-1 RNA export from the nucleus, suggesting that DDX3 functions as a shuttling protein that transports the HIV-1 protein Rev and its cofactor CRM1 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.

Supplier: Prosci

The Fibronectin dimer consists of two disulfide linked monomers of approximately 220 kD, and is present in cells, extracellular matrix, and blood. It possesses at least four binding sites for collagen, glycosaminoglycans, transglutaminase, and a cell surface receptor. Fibronectin is involved in cell adhesion, tissue organization, and wound healing. It accumulates at the site of injury and, along with fibrin, forms a blood clot to stop bleeding and protect damaged tissue.

The HFN7.1 Fibronectin antibody is directed against the peptide core and reacts with both the plasma and cellular forms. The antibody blocks the fibronectin-mediated cell attachment not by disrupting the collagen-fibronectin interaction, but by interfering with the attachment of fibronectin to its receptor on the cell surface.

Supplier: Prosci

This mAb reacts with a wide variety of simple epithelia. It does not react with stratified squamous epithelia. It reacts with epithelial tumors of the gastrointestinal tract, lung, breast, pancreas, ovary, and thyroid. Cytokeratin 18, which belongs to the type A (acidic) subfamily of low molecular weight keratins, exists in combination with cytokeratin 8. It is reported that tissues from gastrointestinal tract are positive for both cytokeratin 8 and 18 but do not contain cytokeratin 14. Tissues from gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract and urogenital tract, as well as endocrine and exocrine tissues and mesothelial cells are positive for cytokeratin 18.

Supplier: Prosci

Recognizes a 60kDa protein, identified as the heat shock protein 60 (HSP60). A wide variety of environmental and pathophysiological stressful conditions trigger the synthesis of a family of proteins known as heat shock proteins (hsps), more appropriately called as stress response proteins (srps). HSP60 is a potential antigen in a number of autoimmune diseases. In human arthritis and in experimentally induced arthritis in animals, disease development coincides with the development of immune reactivity directed against not only bacterial HSP60, but also against its mammalian homolog.

Supplier: Prosci

CD31 (PECAM-1) is a transmembrane glycoprotein member of the immunoglobulin supergene family of adhesion molecules. CD31 is expressed by stem cells of the hematopoietic system and is primarily used to identify and concentrate these cells for experimental studies as well as for bone marrow transplantation. Anti-CD31 has shown to be highly specific and sensitive for vascular endothelial cells. Staining of nonvascular tumors (excluding hematopoietic neoplasms) is rare. CD31 mAb reacts with normal, benign, and malignant endothelial cells which make up blood vessel lining. The level of CD31 expression can help to determine the degree of tumor angiogenesis, and a high level of CD31 expression may imply a rapidly growing tumor and potentially a predictor of tumor recurrence.

Supplier: Prosci

Recognizes a protein of 94kDa, which is identified as the glucose-regulated protein 94 (grp94) and also tumor rejection antigen (gp96). Grp94 shows a high degree of sequence homology with the heat shock protein 90 (hsp90). This mAb is highly specific to grp94 and shows minimal cross-reaction with other members of the HSP90 family. Grps are a class of proteins unresponsive to heat shock and are induced by glucose deprivation. Grp94 has been briefly studied as a prognostic factor in breast cancer.

Supplier: Prosci

The small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) proteins, which include SUMO1, 2 and 3, belong to the ubiquitin-like protein family. SUMO proteins are synthesized as precursors that undergo processing before conjugation to target proteins. Sumoylation targets for a variety of cellular processing, including nuclear transport, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis and protein stability. SUMO2/3 contribute to a greater percentage of protein modification than does SUMO1 and they can form polymeric chains. In addition, SUMO3 regulates beta-Amyloid generation and may be critical in the onset or progression of Alzheimer’s disease.

Supplier: Prosci

Cytokeratin 19 is a member of the keratin family. The keratins are intermediate filament proteins responsible for the structural integrity of epithelial cells and are subdivided into cytokeratins and hair keratins. Cytokeratin 19 is a type I keratin. The type I cytokeratins consist of acidic proteins which are arranged in pairs of heterotypic keratin chains. Unlike its related family members, this smallest known acidic cytokeratin is not paired with a basic cytokeratin in epithelial cells. It is specifically found in the periderm, the transiently superficial layer that envelops the developing epidermis. The type I cytokeratins are clustered in a region of chromosome 17q12-q21. [Wiki]

Supplier: Prosci

Expression of NKX2.2 has been found in neuroendocrine tumors of the gut, making it a potential marker for the study of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors. More recently, NKX2.2 protein was identified as a target of EWS-FLI-1, the fusion protein specific to Ewing sarcoma, and was shown to be differentially upregulated in Ewing sarcoma on the basis of array-based gene expression analysis. antibody to NKX2.2 detects a valuable marker for Ewing sarcoma, with a sensitivity of 93% and a specificity of 89%, and aids in the differential diagnosis of small round cell tumors.

Supplier: Eppendorf

Eppendorf Deepwell plates 96-well, 2000 µl offer efficient sample handling with features like OptiTrack® matrix for rapid identification and g-Safe® technology for stability during centrifugation. SafeCode variants provide secure three-level coding, including error correction for reliable identification, ensuring flexibility and accuracy in experimental workflows.

Supplier: ANTIBODIES.COM LLC

Human Fc Fragment of IgG Low Affinity IIIa Receptor ELISA kit is a sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (sELISA) designed for the in vitro quantitative determination of human Fc Fragment of IgG Low Affinity IIIa Receptor in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, and other biological fluids.

Supplier: Adipogen

IL-36alpha (IL-1F6), IL-36beta (IL-1F8) and IL-36gamma (IL-1F9) bind to IL-36R (IL-1Rrp2) and IL-1RAcP, activating similar intracellular signals as IL-1 and are inhibited by IL-36Ra. The expression of IL-36 cytokines has been shown to occur at different sites including the lung and skin and can be derived from diverse cell types including keratinocytes, bronchial epithelium as well as macrophages, monocytes and different T cell subsets. IL-36 family members induce the production of proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-12, IL-1beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha and IL-23 in BMDC and CD4 T cells. Skin and dendritic cells are targets of the IL-36 interleukins leading to a Th1 response. These cytokines may represent potential targets for immune-mediated inflammatory conditions or, alternatively, could be used as adjuvants in vaccination.

Supplier: Adipogen

ABT-737 is a small-molecule inhibitor of the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2, Bcl-X(L) and Bcl-w, with an affinity two to three orders of magnitude more potent than previously reported compounds. Mechanistic studies reveal that ABT-737 does not directly initiate the apoptotic process, but enhances the effects of death signals, displaying synergistic cytotoxicity with chemotherapeutics and radiation. ABT-737 exhibits single-agent-mechanism-based killing of cells from lymphoma and small-cell lung carcinoma lines, as well as primary patient-derived cells, and in animal models, ABT-737 improves survival, causes regression of established tumors, and produces cures in a high percentage of the mice. ABT-737 binds to Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and Bcl-w with very high affinities (Ki 1 nM) and also shows a very high specificity over Mcl-1 and A1.

Supplier: Cytiva

The Amersham™ QuickStain Kit contains a Cy™5 fluorophore and labeling buffer for easy detection of proteins in SDSPAGE gels and on Western blotting membranes. The ready to use Cy5 N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) ester and Tris labeling buffer ensure robust and consistent labeling for detection of proteins in diverse samples.

Supplier: Eppendorf

A unique injection mold process creates a one-piece plate with virgin polypropylene wells and a rigid polycarbonate deck and skirt.

Supplier: Agilent Technologies

Tackle two common bacterial gene expression hurdles: protein insolubility and codon bias.

Supplier: Invitrogen

Pierce Silver Stain for Mass Spectrometry is a complete kit for rapid and ultra-sensitive silver staining of proteins in polyacrylamide gels and efficient destaining of excised gel pieces for mass spectrometry analysis. This kit enables both first-time and experienced users to achieve consistent and reliable staining using high-, low-, and gradient-percentage gels in 1D and 2D formats. The optimized staining method ensures extremely sensitive staining while minimizing covalent crosslinking of protein to the gel matrix, which can inhibit protein recovery. The destaining reagents facilitate complete removal of silver from stained protein bands and maximum protein recovery for subsequent mass spectrometry analysis.

Supplier: Bioss

MAPK10 (JNK3) is a member of the MAP kinase family. MAP kinases act as an integration point for multiple biochemical signals, and are involved in a wide variety of cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, transcription regulation and development. This protein is a neuron-specific form of c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs). Through its phosphorylation and nuclear localization, this kinase plays regulatory roles in the signaling pathways of neuronal apoptosis. Beta-arrestin 2, a receptor-regulated MAP kinase scaffold protein, is found to interact with and stimulate the phosphorylation of this kinase by MAP kinase kinase 4 (MKK4). Cyclin-dependent kianse 5 (CDK5) can phosphorylate and inhibit the activity of this kinase, which may be important in preventing neuronal apoptosis. Four alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been reported.