97384 Results for: "SCIENCE+TAKE-OUT,+LLC"

Supplier: MP Biomedicals

Tris have been useful as buffers in a wide variety of biological systems. It has been used as a starting material for polymers, oxazolones (with carboxylic acids) and oxazolidines (with aldehydes). It does not precipitate calcium salts and is of value in maintaining solubility of manganese salts. It can be used for the direct standardization of a strong acid solution; the equivalence point can be determined either potentiometrically or by use of a suitable indicator such as 3-(4-Dimethylamino-1-naphthylazo)-4-methoxybenzenesulfonic acid. It is RNAse and DNAse-free. Tris is relatively non-hygroscopic ; but, if needed, it can be dried at 100 °C for up to 4 hours to remove any water.
Tris is used in pH control in vitro and in vivo for body fluids and in buffering systems for electrophoresis applications.Tris is used in assays used to characterize the activity and kinetics of the enzymes that catalyze SUMOylation of Small ubiquitin-like proteins (SUMO) and SUMO-dependent protein-protein interactions.

Supplier: MP Biomedicals

Storage: +4°C, protect from light
3- (4,5-Dimethyl-2-thiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide is used as a colorimetric metabolic activity indicator in cell viability assays. Thiazolyl Blue Tetrazolium Blue (MTT) is a dye used in measurement of cell proliferation. MTT produces a yellowish solution that is converted to dark blue, water-insoluble MTT formazan by mitochondrial dehydrogenases of living cells. The blue crystals are solubilized with acidified isopropanol and the intensity is measured colorimetrically at 570 nm. MTT has been used as a histochemical/cytochemical reagent and for the detection of NAD. ADP-linked enzyme systems in tissue cannot be detected with MTT, due to binding of the cation by the cyanide trap used. MTT is rapidly reduced to the formazan, which chelates with nickel, copper, and cobalt; the cobalt chelate has been used in oxidative systems.

Supplier: Zymo Research

The EZ DNA Methylation™ Kits feature simplified procedures that streamline bisulfite treatment of DNA.

Supplier: Adipogen

Interleukin-12 (IL-12), also known as Natural Killer Cell Stimulatory Factor (NKSF) or Cytotoxic Lymphocyte Maturation Factor (CLMF), is a heterodimeric pleiotropic cytokine made up of a 40 kDa (p40) subunit and a 35 kDa (p35) subunit. IL-12 is produced by macrophages and B lymphocytes and has been shown to have multiple effects on T cells and Natural Killer (NK) cells. Some of these IL-12 activities include the induction of IFN-gamma and TNF in resting and activated T and NK cells; the enhancement of cytotoxic activity of resting NK and T cells, the stimulation of resting T cell proliferation in the presence of a comitogen; and the enhancement of NK cell proliferation. Current evidence indicates that IL-12 is a key mediator of cellular immunity and induces the differentiation of Th1 cells from precursor T helper cells. Based on its activities, it has been suggested that IL-12 may have therapeutic potential as a vaccine adjuvant that promotes cellular immunity and as an antitumor and anti viral agent.

Supplier: Adipogen

APRIL is a cytokine that belongs to the TNF superfamily and binds to TACI and BCMA. It is implicated in the regulation of tumor cell growth and is involved in monocyte/macrophage-mediated immunological processes. Anti-APRIL (mouse) Monoclonal Antibody (recombinant) (Blocking) (APRY-1-1) is an antibody developed by antibody phage display technology using a human naive antibody gene library. These libraries consist of scFv (single chain fragment variable) composed of VH (variable domain of the human immunoglobulin heavy chain) and VL (variable domain of the human immunoglobulin light chain) connected by a polypeptide linker. The antibody fragments are displayed on the surface of filamentous bacteriophage (M13). This scFv was selected by affinity selection on antigen in a process termed panning. Multiple rounds of panning are performed to enrich for antigen-specific scFv-phage. Monoclonal antibodies are subsequently identified by screening after each round of selection. The selected monoclonal scFv is cloned into an appropriate vector containing a Fc portion of interest and then produced in mammalian cells to generate an IgG like scFv-Fc fusion protein.

Supplier: Adipogen

CD40 is a member of the TNF receptor superfamily which are single transmembrane-spanning glycoproteins and plays an essential role in mediating a broad variety of immune and inflammatory responses including T cell-dependent immunoglobulin class switching, memory B cell development, and germinal center formation. CD40 contains 4 cysteine-rich repeats in the extracellular domain and is expressed in B cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, endothelial cells and several tumor cell lines. The cognate interaction between CD40 and CD40 ligand (CD154) on T cells activates NF-kappaB, Jun N-terminal kinase and Janus kinase signal transducers and activators of transcription pathways. Several different TRAF proteins (adapter proteins) have been identified to serve as mediators of the signal transduction. In addition, CD40/CD40L interaction is found to be necessary for amyloid-beta-induced microglial activation and thus is thought to be an early event in Alzheimer disease pathogenesis. Defects in CD40 result in hyper-IgM immunodeficiency type 3 (HIGM3), an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by the inability of B cells to undergo isotype switching, as well as an inability to mount an antibody-specific immune response and a lack of germinal center formation.

Supplier: Enochs Manufacturing

ENOCHS RESOLUTE Procedural Power Table Series Models 6250, 6220 and 6210 offers smooth adjustment of the table’s height, back, tilt and leg sections allowing staff to quickly and easily positioning patients helping to drive efficiency in every exam or procedure.

Supplier: Adipogen

The TNF family ligand ectodysplasin A (EDA) and its receptor EDAR are required for proper development of skin appendages such as hair, teeth and eccrine sweat glands. Loss of function mutations in the Eda gene cause X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (XLHED), a condition that can be ameliorated in mice and dogs by timely administration of recombinant EDA. The Eda gene on the X chromosome is transcribed as multiple splice variants, only two of which code for the receptor-binding C-terminal TNF homology domain. These two variants code for 391- and 389-amino acid-long proteins called EDA1 and EDA2. EDA1 binds EDAR, whereas EDA2 binds to another receptor, XEDAR. The biology of EDA2 and XEDAR is distinct from that of EDA1. Indeed, XEDAR-deficient mice have no obvious ectodermal dysplasia phenotype, whereas mice deficient in EDA, EDAR, or the signaling adaptor protein EDARADD all display virtually indistinguishable ectodermal dysplasia phenotypes, indicating the predominance of the EDA1-EDAR axis in the development of skin-derived appendages.

Supplier: Adipogen

The TIM (T cell/transmembrane, immunoglobulin and mucin) family plays a critical role in regulating immune responses, including allergy, asthma, transplant tolerance, autoimmunity and the response to viral infections. The unique structure of TIM immunoglobulin variable region domains allows highly specific recognition of phosphatidylserine (PtdSer), exposed on the surface of apoptotic cells. Tim-3, a type I transmembrane protein, contains an immunoglobulin and a mucin-like domain in its extracellular portion and a tyrosine phosphorylation motif in its cytoplasmic portion. TIM-3 is preferentially expressed on Th1 and Tc1 cells, and generates an inhibitory signal resulting in apoptosis of Th1 and Tc1 cells. TIM-3 is also expressed on some dendritic cells and can mediate phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and cross-presentation of antigen. Tim-3 functions to inhibit aggressive Th1-mediated auto- and alloimmune responses. Tim-3 pathway blockade by administration of Tim-3:Fc fusion protein accelerates diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice, causes hyperproliferation of Th1 cells and Th1 cytokine release in an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model and prevents acquisition of transplantation tolerance induced by costimulation blockade.

Supplier: KD Scientific

The Gemini 88 Plus Dual Rate Syringe Pump is really two syringe pumps in one by providing two independent pumping channels linked through hardware and an intuitive 7” touch screen interface. This dual rate syringe pump can infuse simultaneously at different rates, or infuse with one syringe and withdraw with the other. When combined with a valve box, it provides the continuous delivery of a peristaltic pump with the accuracy and low flow rates of a syringe pump.

Supplier: Lucigen

Rapid and efficient extraction (no purification) of PCR-ready genomic DNA from plant leaves

Supplier: Promega Corporation

A high-throughput 96-well format for fast, easy preparation of intact total RNA from small amounts of cell culture, tissue culture cells, tissue or whole blood.

Supplier: Adipogen

PAG is a ubiquitously expressed transmembrane adapter protein. Depending on its phosphorylation status, it appears as diffuse band(s) of 80-90kDa by SDS-PAGE, with phosphorylation leading to a shift towards a higher apparent molecular mass. Tyrosine phosphorylated PAG recruits Csk to the membrane and negatively regulates Src family kinases via Csk-mediated phosphorylation. Upon T cell receptor engagement, PAG becomes dephosphorylated, thereby displacing Csk from the membrane and enabling the activation of the Src kinases Fyn and Lck. PAG negatively regulates TCR (T cell antigen receptor)-mediated signaling in T cells and FCER1 (high affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor)-mediated signaling in mast cells. It promotes CSK activation and recruitment to lipid rafts, which results in LCK inhibition. It inhibits immunological synapse formation by preventing dynamic arrangement of lipid raft proteins and may be involved in cell adhesion signaling.

Supplier: Adipogen

Human CD137 (4-1BB) is a costimulatory molecule of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily. The glycoprotein 4-1BB is expressed mainly on activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and binds to a high-affinity ligand (4-1BBL) expressed on several antigen-presenting cells such as macrophages and activated B cells. Upon ligand binding, 4-1BB is associated with the tumor receptor-associated factors (TRAF), the adaptor protein and mediates downstream signaling events including the activation of NF-kappaB and cytokine production. 4-1BB signaling either by binding to 4-1BBL or by antibody ligation delivers signals for T cell activation and growth as well as monocyte proliferation and B cell survival, and plays a important role in the amplification of T cell-mediated immune responses. In contrast, it can also enhance activation-induced T cell apoptosis when triggered by engagement of the TCR/CD3 complex. In addition, the 4-1BB/4-1BBL costimulatory pathway has been shown to augment secondary CTL responses to several viruses and increase antitumor immunity. 4-1BB is therefore a promising candidate for immunotherapy of human cancer.

Supplier: Adipogen

Ubiquitin is a 76 amino acid (aa) protein that is ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic organisms. ubiquitin is highly conserved with 96% aa sequence identity shared between human and yeast ubiquitin, and 100% aa sequence identity shared between human and mouse ubiquitin. In mammals, four ubiquitin genes encode for two ubiquitin-ribosomal fusion proteins and two poly-ubiquitin proteins. Cleavage of the ubiquitin precursors by deubiquitinating enzymes gives rise to identical ubiquitin monomers each with a predicted molecular weight of 8.6 kDa. Conjugation of ubiquitin to target proteins involves the formation of an isopeptide bond between the C-terminal glycine residue of ubiquitin and a lysine residue in the target protein. This process of conjugation, referred to as ubiquitination or ubiquitylation, is a multi-step process that requires three enzymes: a ubiquitin-activating (E1) enzyme, a ubiquitin-conjugating (E2) enzyme, and a ubiquitin ligase (E3). ubiquitination is classically recognized as a mechanism to target proteins for degradation and as a result, ubiquitin was originally named ATP-dependent Proteolysis Factor 1 (APF-1). In addition to protein degradation, ubiquitination has been shown to mediate a variety of biological processes such as signal transduction, endocytosis, and post-endocytic sorting.

Supplier: Beckman Coulter

The Avanti™ J-15 series of benchtop centrifuges (refrigerated or ventilated) leverage the ultra harmonic technology, designed to protect your sample and increase workflow time efficiencies.

Supplier: Adipogen

IL-36alpha (IL-1F6), IL-36beta (IL-1F8) and IL-36gamma (IL-1F9) bind to IL-36R (IL-1Rrp2) and IL-1RAcP, activating similar intracellular signals as IL-1 and are inhibited by IL-36Ra. The expression of IL-36 cytokines has been shown to occur at different sites including the lung and skin and can be derived from diverse cell types including keratinocytes, bronchial epithelium as well as macrophages, monocytes and different T cell subsets. IL-36 family members induce the production of proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-12, IL-1beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha and IL-23 in BMDC and CD4 T cells, thus promoting neutrophil influx, dendritic cell (DC) activation, polarization of T helper type 1 (Th1) and IL-17-producing T cells (alphabeta T cells and gammadelta T cells) and keratinocyte proliferation. These cytokines may represent potential targets for immune-mediated inflammatory conditions or, alternatively, could be used as adjuvants in vaccination. IL-36gamma is also induced in the lung in various models of asthma and can be produced by bronchial epithelial cells in response to viral infection, smoke or inflammatory cytokines.

Supplier: MP Biomedicals

Storage: -20 °C.
Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) and its phosphate bonds are the basic components of energy exchange in many biological systems.
Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) is a central component of energy storage and metabolism in vivo. ATP is used in many cellular processes, respiration, biosynthetic reactions, motility, and cell division. ATP is a substrate of many kinases involved in cell signaling and of adenylate cyclase(s) that produce the second messenger cAMP. ATP provides the metabolic energy to drive metabolic pumps. ATP serves as a coenzyme in a wide array of enzymatic reactions.
P2 purinergic agonist; increases activity of Ca2+-activated K+ channels; substrate for ATP-dependent enzyme systems.

Supplier: Adipogen

APRIL is a cytokine that belongs to the TNF superfamily and binds to TACI and BCMA. It is implicated in the regulation of tumor cell growth and is involved in monocyte/macrophage-mediated immunological processes. Anti-APRIL (mouse) Monoclonal Antibody (recombinant) (Blocking) (APRY-1-3) is an antibody developed by antibody phage display technology using a human naive antibody gene library. These libraries consist of scFv (single chain fragment variable) composed of VH (variable domain of the human immunoglobulin heavy chain) and VL (variable domain of the human immunoglobulin light chain) connected by a polypeptide linker. The antibody fragments are displayed on the surface of filamentous bacteriophage (M13). This scFv was selected by affinity selection on antigen in a process termed panning. Multiple rounds of panning are performed to enrich for antigen-specific scFv-phage. Monoclonal antibodies are subsequently identified by screening after each round of selection. The selected monoclonal scFv is cloned into an appropriate vector containing a Fc portion of interest and then produced in mammalian cells to generate an IgG like scFv-Fc fusion protein.

Supplier: Adipogen

Inflammatory caspases (also known as group I caspases) are encoded by three main genes in humans, caspase-1, caspase-4 and caspase-5 and three main genes in mouse, caspase-1, caspase-11 and caspase-12. Caspase-11 is the murine orthologue of human caspase-4 and -5. Murine caspase-11 is a poorly characterized member of the caspase-1 subfamily. Caspase-11-deficient embryonic fibroblasts are resistant to apoptosis induced by ectopic expression of caspase-1, suggesting that caspase-11 is an upstream activator of caspase-1. Unlike caspase-1, the expression of caspase-11 is LPS-inducible and it is reasonable to postulate that other members of the family are regulated at the transcriptional or translational level by extracellular stimuli. Recently caspase-11 has been shown to be required for activation of the Nlrp3 inflammasome upon E. coli, V. cholerae and C. rodentium infection. The upstream activators of caspase-11 are TLR4 and TRIF, that modulate enteropathogen-induced inflammasome activation by promoting caspase-11 expression and activation. Formation of ASC foci (specks), a measure of NLRP3/ASC complex formation, requires caspase-11 but not caspase-1 indicating that caspase-11 acts upstream of the NLRP3/ASC complex.

Supplier: Adipogen

Interleukin-23 (IL-23) is a heterodimeric cytokine composed of two disulfide-linked subunits, a p19 subunit that is unique to IL-23, and a p40 subunit that is shared with IL-12 (1-5). Although p19 is expressed by activated macrophages, dendritic cells, T cells, and endothelial cells, only activated macrophages and dendritic cells express p40 concurrently to produce IL-23. The functional IL-23 receptor complex consists of two receptor subunits, the IL-12 receptor beta 1 subunit (IL-12 Rbeta1) and the IL-23-specific receptor subunit (IL-23 R). IL-23 has biological activities that are similar to, but distinct from IL-12. Both IL-12 and IL-23 induce proliferation and IFN-gamma production by human T cells. While IL-12 acts on both naie and memory human T cells, the effects of IL-23 is restricted to memory T cells. In mouse, IL-23 but not IL-12, has also been shown to induce memory T cells to secret IL-17, a potent proinflammatory cytokine. IL-12 and IL-23 can induce IL-12 production from mouse splenic DC of both the CD8-and CD8+ subtypes, however only IL-23 can act directly on CD8+ DC to mediate immunogenic presentation of poorly immunogenic tumor/self peptide.

Supplier: Adipogen

Microtubules are key elements of the eukaryotic cytoskeleton that dynamically assemble from heterodimers of alpha- and beta-tubulin. Two different mechanisms can generate microtubule diversity: the expression of different alpha- and beta-tubulin genes, referred to as tubulin isotypes, and the generation of posttranslational modifications (PTMs) on alpha- and beta-tubulin. Tubulin PTMs include the well-known acetylation or phosphorylation, and others that have so far mostly been found on tubulin, detyrosination/tyrosination, polyglutamylation and polyglycylation. These PTMs might have evolved to specifically regulate tubulin and microtubule functions. Polyglutamylation is a PTM that occurs when secondary glutamate side chains are formed on gamma-carboxyl groups of glutamate residues in a protein. Enzymes catalyzing polyglutamylation belong to the TTL-like (TTLL; Tubulin tyrosine ligase-like) family of glutamylases. Deglutamylases, the enzymes that reverse polyglutamylation, were identified within a novel family of CCPs (cytosolic carboxypeptidase). Subtle differences in polyglutamylation can be seen on diverse microtubules in different cell types. The functions of these modifications remain to be studied. However, its wide distribution strengthens the idea that it could be involved in fine-tuning a range of microtubule functions.

Supplier: Mirus Bio

The CHOgro expression system is an optimized platform for transient, high titer protein production in suspension CHO derived cells. An animal-origin-free solution specifically formulated for optimal transfection-complex formation in conjunction with CHOgro™ Expression Media and TransIT-PRO™ Transfection Reagent.

Supplier: Zymo Research

Zymo-Seq™ ATAC library kit provides a simple and streamlined workflow for assay for transposase accessible chromatin with high throughput sequencing (ATAC-Seq) library preparation from mammalian cell and tissue input.

Supplier: Adipogen

Inflammatory caspases (also known as group I caspases) are encoded by three main genes in humans, caspase-1, caspase-4 and caspase-5 and three main genes in mouse, caspase-1, caspase-11 and caspase-12. Caspase-11 is the murine orthologue of human caspase-4 and -5. Murine caspase-11 is a poorly characterized member of the caspase-1 subfamily. Caspase-11-deficient embryonic fibroblasts are resistant to apoptosis induced by ectopic expression of caspase-1, suggesting that caspase-11 is an upstream activator of caspase-1. Unlike caspase-1, the expression of caspase-11 is LPS-inducible and it is reasonable to postulate that other members of the family are regulated at the transcriptional or translational level by extracellular stimuli. Recently caspase-11 has been shown to be required for activation of the Nlrp3 inflammasome upon E. coli, V. cholerae and C. rodentium infection. The upstream activators of caspase-11 are TLR4 and TRIF, that modulate enteropathogen-induced inflammasome activation by promoting caspase-11 expression and activation. Formation of ASC foci (specks), a measure of NLRP3/ASC complex formation, requires caspase-11 but not caspase-1 indicating that caspase-11 acts upstream of the NLRP3/ASC complex.

Supplier: Lucigen

Safe, fast purification of high quality RNA from multiple species of yeast

Supplier: Adipogen

Disruption of the precise balance of positive and negative molecular regulators of blood and lymphatic vessel growth can lead to myriad diseases. Although dozens of natural inhibitors of hemangiogenesis have been identified, an endogenous selective inhibitor of lymphatic vessel growth has not been previously described. A splice variant of the gene encoding vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) that encodes a secreted form of the protein, designated endogenous soluble VEGFR-2 (esVEGFR-2/KDR) has been described. The endogenous soluble esKDR inhibits developmental and reparative lymphangiogenesis by blocking VEGF-C function. Tissue-specific loss of esKDR in mice induced, at birth, spontaneous lymphatic invasion of the normally alymphatic cornea and hyperplasia of skin lymphatics without affecting blood vasculature. Administration of esKDR inhibited lymphangiogenesis but not hemangiogenesis induced by corneal suture injury or transplantation, enhanced corneal allograft survival and suppressed lymphangioma cellular proliferation. Naturally occurring esKDR thus acts as a molecular uncoupler of blood and lymphatic vessels; modulation of esKDR might have therapeutic effects in treating lymphatic vascular malformations, transplantation rejection and, potentially, tumor lymphangiogenesis and lymphedema.

Supplier: Molecular Devices

The SpectraMax® iD5 Multi-Mode Microplate Reader is the complete laboratory solution to help you increase your research capabilities and comes with built-in absorbance, fluorescence, luminescence, time-resolved fluorescence (TRF), and tunable fluorescence polarization (FP) read modes

Supplier: Adipogen

CD276 (B7-H3) is a member of the B7/CD28 superfamily of costimulatory molecules serving as an accessory modulator of T cell response. B7 family molecules, which are expressed on antigen-presenting cells and display extracellular regions containing immunoglobulin (Ig) variable (V)- and constant (C)-like domains, are known to modulate T cell receptor (TCR)-mediated T cell activation by providing co-signals that are either stimulatory or inhibitory. B7-H3 provides a stimulatory signal to T cells. However, recent studies suggest a negative regulatory role for B7-H3 in T cell responses. B7-H3 inhibited T cell proliferation mediated by antibody to T cell receptor or allogeneic antigen-presenting cells. B7-H3 is a negative regulator that preferentially affects T(H)1 responses. B7-H3 may play an important role in muscle-immune interactions, providing further evidence of the active role of muscle cells in local immunoregulatory processes. Recently, B7-H3 expression has also been found in a variety of different human cancers, including prostate cancer, clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer, ovarian cancer, colorectal cancer (CRC) and urothelial cell carcinoma. B7-H3 was expressed in some human cancers and correlated with poor outcome of cancer patients.

Supplier: Adipogen

CD276 (B7-H3) is a member of the B7/CD28 superfamily of costimulatory molecules serving as an accessory modulator of T cell response. B7 family molecules, which are expressed on antigen-presenting cells and display extracellular regions containing immunoglobulin (Ig) variable (V)- and constant (C)-like domains, are known to modulate T cell receptor (TCR)-mediated T cell activation by providing co-signals that are either stimulatory or inhibitory. B7-H3 provides a stimulatory signal to T cells. However, recent studies suggest a negative regulatory role for B7-H3 in T cell responses. B7-H3 inhibited T cell proliferation mediated by antibody to T cell receptor or allogeneic antigen-presenting cells. B7-H3 is a negative regulator that preferentially affects T(H)1 responses. B7-H3 may play an important role in muscle-immune interactions, providing further evidence of the active role of muscle cells in local immunoregulatory processes. Recently, B7-H3 expression has also been found in a variety of different human cancers, including prostate cancer, clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer, ovarian cancer, colorectal cancer (CRC) and urothelial cell carcinoma. B7-H3 was expressed in some human cancers and correlated with poor outcome of cancer patients.