"GeCKO Libraries"

Supplier: Vector Biolabs

This recombinant adenovirus contains the dominant-negative mutant of I kappa B alpha (IkBa-S32A/S36A), which has serine-to-alanine substitutions at amino acids 32 and 36, respectively, and is resistant to phosphorylation-induced degradation of I kappa B alpha.

Supplier: Vector Biolabs

Caveolae (also known as plasmalemmal vesicles) are 50 to 100 nm membrane domains that represent a subcompartment of the plasma membrane. Caveolae are most abundant in simple squamous epithelia, such as endothelial cells, fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells and adipocytes, but are believed to exist in most cell types. Three types of caveolins, designated caveolin-1, caveolin-2 and caveolin-3, are the principal components of caveolae. Caveolin-1 is a substrate for v-Src protein tyrosine kinase.

Supplier: Vector Biolabs

PAI-1 and PAI-2 (plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and -2) are members of the serpin serine proteinase inhibitor family. PAI-1 and PAI-2 regulate uPA (urokinase-type plasminogen activator) and TPA (tissue plasminogen activator), resulting in the inhibition of proteolytic activity. Members of the serpin family generally complex with their target proteinases, then disassociate slowly into cleaved species that fold into stable inactive forms. PAI-1 can fold into the inactive state without cleavage resulting in the latent form of PAI-1. Activity can be restored to the latent form of PAI-1 through denaturation and renaturation. PAI-2 occurs in secreted and cytosolic forms through facultative polypeptide translocation.

Supplier: Vector Biolabs

Cas9 is the nuclease guided by the crRNA and tracrRNA (or trans-activating crRNA) to cleave specific DNA sequences. A guide RNA (gRNA) can be designed to include a hairpin that mimics the tracrRNA-crRNA complex. Binding specificity is based on the gRNA and a three nucleotide NGG sequence called the protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) sequence. With its ease in designing guide sequences to target specific genomic loci, the CRISPR/Cas system is a much simpler, faster, and robust alternative to TALEN and Zinc finger nuclease platforms. The main problem with Cas9 from Streptococcus pyogenes SF370 (SpCas9) is that this gene is too big to be packaged into AAV under most promoters, and there's no extra room for packaging a sgRNA along with the spCas9 in AAV. A small Cas9 from Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus (SaCas9) with high efficiency for cleaving mammalian endogenous DNA becomes the ideal solution to package into AAV for effective gene modification in vivo. This is an AAV-DJ (a synthetic serotype made from 8 wild type AAV including AAV2, 4, 5, 8, 9) expressing spCas9 nuclease under a CMV promoter. This AAV-CMV-saCas9 can be package into other AAV serotypes upon request.We also offer custom AAV production service to package AAV-CMV-saCas9 with your sgRNA in the same AAV virus.

Supplier: Vector Biolabs

Peroxisome proliferators include hypolipidemic drugs, herbicides, leukotriene antagonists, and plasticizers; this term arises because they induce an increase in the size and number of peroxisomes. Peroxisomes are subcellular organelles found in plants and animals which contain enzymes for respiration and for cholesterol and lipid metabolism. The action of peroxisome proliferators is thought to be mediated via specific receptors, called PPARs, which belong to the steroid hormone receptor superfamily. PPARs affect the expression of target genes involved in cell proliferation, cell differentiation and in immune and inflammation responses. Three closely related subtypes (alpha, beta/delta, and gamma) have been identified. This gene encodes the subtype PPAR-alpha, which is a nuclear transcription factor.

Supplier: Vector Biolabs

This AAV-8 (DJ) virus expresses eGFP under a CAG/CBA promoter.

Supplier: Vector Biolabs

This gene encodes a protein belonging to the 14-3-3 family of proteins, members of which mediate signal transduction by binding to phosphoserine-containing proteins. This highly conserved protein family is found in both plants and mammals. The encoded protein has been shown to interact with RAF1 and CDC25 phosphatases, suggesting that it may play a role in linking mitogenic signaling and the cell cycle machinery.

Supplier: Vector Biolabs

Toll-like receptors (TLR) are fundamental for pathogen recognition and initiation of the innate immune response. TLRs recognize pathogen contours and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for immunity toward the pathogen. There is a high level of conservation in TLRs, both structurally and functionally, from Drosophila to humans. The TLR family of proteins is characterized by a highly conserved Toll homology (TH) domain, which is essential for Toll-induced signal transduction. Another TLR protein, RP105, is predominately expressed on mature B-cells and has a striking similarity to TLR4.

Supplier: Vector Biolabs

Neuregulin 1 (NRG1) was originally identified as a 44-kD glycoprotein that interacts with the NEU/ERBB2 receptor tyrosine kinase to increase its phosphorylation on tyrosine residues. It is known that an extraordinary variety of different isoforms are produced from the NRG1 gene by alternative splicing. These isoforms include heregulins (HRGs), glial growth factors (GGFs) and sensory and motor neuron-derived factor (SMDF). They are tissue-specifically expressed and differ significantly in their structure. The HRG isoforms all contain immunoglobulin (Ig) and epidermal growth factor-like (EGF-like) domains. GGF and GGF2 isoforms contain a kringle-like sequence plus Ig and EGF-like domains; and the SMDF isoform shares only the EGF-like domain with other isoforms. The receptors for all NRG1 isoforms are the ERBB family of tyrosine kinase transmembrane receptors. Through interaction with ERBB receptors, NRG1 isoforms induce the growth and differentialtion of epithelial, neuronal, glial, and other types of cells.

Supplier: Vector Biolabs

Cas9 is the nuclease guided by the crRNA and tracrRNA (or trans-activating crRNA) to cleave specific DNA sequences. A guide RNA (gRNA) can be designed to include a hairpin that mimics the tracrRNA-crRNA complex. Binding specificity is based on the gRNA and a three nucleotide NGG sequence called the protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) sequence. With its ease in designing guide sequences to target specific genomic loci, the CRISPR/Cas system is a much simpler, faster, and robust alternative to TALEN and Zinc finger nuclease platforms. The main problem with Cas9 from Streptococcus pyogenes SF370 (SpCas9) is that this gene is too big to be packaged into AAV under most promoters, and there's no extra room for packaging a sgRNA along with the spCas9 in AAV. A small Cas9 from Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus (SaCas9) with high efficiency for cleaving mammalian endogenous DNA becomes the ideal solution to package into AAV for effective gene modification in vivo. This is an AAV-DJ (a synthetic serotype made from 8 wild type AAV including AAV2, 4, 5, 8, 9) expressing spCas9 nuclease under a neuronal specific CamKIIa promoter. The short CamKIIa promoter was derived from murine a-Calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII), a gene with expression restricted to excitatory neurons in the neocortex and hippocampus. This AAV-CamKIIa-saCas9 can be package into other AAV serotypes upon request.We also offer custom AAV production service to package AAV-CamKII-saCas9 with your sgRNA in the same AAV virus.

Supplier: Vector Biolabs

The AAV-DJ is a synthetic serotype made from DNA family shuffling of 8 wild type serotypes of AAV, including AAV2, 4, 5, 8, 9, avian, bovine and goat AAV. AAV-DJ outperformed standard AAV serotype 1-8 in cultured cells. This AAV-DJ stock expresses eGFP under a control of CMV promoter.

Supplier: Vector Biolabs

This AAV-9 (DJ9) virus expresses eGFP under a CMV promoter.

Supplier: Vector Biolabs

Cre recombinase is used as a tool to genetically modify genes, such as to delete a segment of DNA flanked by LoxP sites in cells or experimental animals. By applying the mammalian codon usage to Cre recombinase, expression of Cre is improved in the mammalian cells. This improved Cre (iCre) gene also reduce the high CpG content of the prokaryotic coding sequence, thereby reducing the chances of epigenetic silencing in mammals. This AAV-DJ/8 stock expresses an improved Cre (iCre) driven by one CMV promoter.

Supplier: Vector Biolabs

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family. This protein is an important cell cycle checkpoint kinase that phosphorylates; thus, it functions as a regulator of a wide variety of downstream proteins, including tumor suppressor proteins p53 and BRCA1, checkpoint kinase CHK2, checkpoint proteins RAD17 and RAD9, and DNA repair protein NBS1. This protein and the closely related kinase ATR are thought to be master controllers of cell cycle checkpoint signaling pathways that are required for cell response to DNA damage and for genome stability. Mutations in this gene are associated with ataxia telangiectasia, an autosomal recessive disorder.

Supplier: Vector Biolabs

Members of the Id family of basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins include Id1, Id2, Id3 and Id4. They are ubiquitously expressed and dimerize with members of the class A and bHLH proteins. Due to the absence of the basic region, the resulting heterodimers cannot bind DNA. The Id-type proteins thus appear to negatively regulate DNA binding of bHLH proteins. Id1 inhibits DNA binding of E12 and Myo D and inhibits muscle-specific gene expression. Under conditions that facilitate muscle cell differentiation, the Id protein levels fall, which allows E12 and/or E47 to form heterodimers with Myo D and myogenin to activate myogenic differentiation. Expression of each of the Id proteins is strongly dependent on growth factor activation. A reduction of Id mRNA levels by antisense oligonucleotides leads to a delayed re-entry of arrested cells into the cell cycle following growth factor stimulation.

Supplier: Vector Biolabs

This is an pre-made gene silencing adenovirus that expresses a shRNA to knockdown human RB gene. The shRNA expression is driven by an U6 promoter. The knockdown of this human gene was validated by western blot in HCT-116 cells.