Supplier: STEMCELL Technologies

Flt3/Flk-2 (Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3/fetal liver kinase-2) ligand is a hematopoietic cytokine that plays an important role as a co-stimulatory factor in the proliferation, differentiation, and survival of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and the development of the immune system (Lyman et al.; Rosnet et al.). Flt3/Flk-2 ligand, together with stem cell factor and thrombopoietin, is commonly used to promote expansion of primitive hematopoietic cells in culture. In combination with myeloid cytokines such as GM-CSF, G-CSF, or M-CSF, Flt3/Flk-2 ligand enhances the growth and numbers of clonogenic myeloid progenitor cells. In synergy with IL-3, IL-4, IL-7, IL-11, IL-12, IL-15, GM-CSF, and TNF-α, Flt3/Flk-2 ligand regulates the development of various lymphoid progenitor cells, including dendritic cell, B cell, T cell, and NK cell progenitors. In contrast, Flt3/Flk-2 ligand has no significant effect on erythropoiesis or megakaryopoiesis (Drexler and Quentmeier; Wodnar-Filipowicz). Flt3/Flk-2 ligand exists as membrane-bound and soluble isoforms. Both isoforms are biologically active and signal through the class III tyrosine kinase receptor (Flt3/Flk-2, CD135; Rosnet et al.). Flt3/Flk-2 ligand is produced by a variety of cell types, including uncommitted and committed hematopoietic cells and stromal fibroblasts, whereas expression of the Flt3/Flk-2 receptor is restricted to CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Flt3/Flk-2 receptor is also expressed outside the hematopoietic system in the brain, placenta, and testis (Drexler and Quentmeier; Hannum et al.).

Supplier: Prosci

Responds to activation by environmental stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines by phosphorylating a number of transcription factors, primarily components of AP-1 such as JUN, JDP2 and ATF2 and thus regulates AP-1 transcriptional activity. In T-cells, JNK1 and JNK2 are required for polarized differentiation of T-helper cells into Th1 cells By similarity. Phosphorylates heat shock factor protein 4 (HSF4). /Responds to activation by environmental stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines by phosphorylating a number of transcription factors, primarily components of AP-1 such as c-Jun and ATF2 and thus regulates AP-1 transcriptional activity. In T-cells, JNK1 and JNK2 are required for polarized differentiation of T-helper cells into Th1 cells. JNK2 isoforms display different binding patterns: alpha-1 and alpha-2 preferentially bind to c-Jun, whereas beta-1 and beta-2 bind to ATF2. However, there is no correlation between binding and phosphorylation, which is achieved at about the same efficiency by all isoforms. JUNB is not a substrate for JNK2 alpha-2, and JUND binds only weakly to it./Responds to activation by environmental stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines by phosphorylating a number of transcription factors, primarily components of AP-1 such as c-Jun and ATF2 and thus regulates AP-1 transcriptional activity. Required for stress-induced neuronal apoptosis and the pathogenesis of glutamate excitotoxicity

Supplier: Adipogen

A member of the ecdysteroid family. Ecdysone receptor (EcR) agonist. More potent than ecdysone. Induces the expression of genes coding for proteins that the larva requires, and it causes chromosome puffs (sites of high expression) to form in polytene chromosomes. Plays a key role in insect development, cell proliferaton, growth and apoptosis by controlling gene expression involved in moulting and metamorphosis. It acts through a heterodimeric receptor comprising the ecdysone receptor and the ultraspiracle proteins (USP). Regulates lipolysis in insects. Appears in many plants mostly as a protection agent (toxins or antifeedants) against herbivorous insects. Used for controlled gene expression in scientific research, agriculture and medicine. Used for the development of selective insect growth regulators for use as environmentally benign insecticides. Shows biological effects on mammalian species. Neurosteroid. Antiepileptic. Acts on the modulatory site of the GABAA receptor and potentiates GABAergic inhibition in rat. Was shown to stimulate and modulate neutrophil production. Antidiabetic and antiobesity. Could be used as a nutritional supplement for the prevention and treatment of obesity and obesity-associated disorders. May protect PC12 cells against CoCl(2)-induced cell injury by inhibiting ROS production and modulating components of the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Does not have potent anabolic properties, however, a muscle-specific increase is observed and genes are identified to provide an explanation for the muscle accretion. Potential fibrosis antagonist for renal proximal tubule cells. Acts through suppressing post-receptor signaling of TGF-beta1 and blocking the expression of Snail.

Supplier: Corning

The AxyPrep Mag Plant genomic DNA kit is a magnetic beads based purification system that allows rapid and reliable isolation of high quality gDNA from multiple plant samples

Supplier: Prosci

This mAb stains the cytoplasm of macrophages and histiocytes in hematopoietic organs, Kupffer s cells of the liver and Langerhan s cells of the skin. Macrophages comprise of many forms of mononuclear phagocytes found in tissues. Mononuclear phagocytes arise from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow. After passing through the monoblast and pro-monocyte states of the monocyte stage, they enter the blood, where they circulate for about 40 hours. They then enter tissues and increase in size, phagocytic activity, and lysosomal enzyme content becoming macrophages. Among the functions of macrophages are nonspecific phagocytosis and pinocytosis, specific phagocytosis of opsonized microorganisms mediated by Fc receptors and complement receptors, killing of ingested microorganisms, digestion and presentation of antigens to T and B lymphocytes, and secretion of a large number of diverse products, including many enzymes including lysozyme and collagenases, several complement components and coagulation factors, some prostaglandins and leukotrienes, and many regulatory molecules (Interferon, Interleukin 1). LN-5 selectively stains human sebaceous glands in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded skin samples. Undifferentiated sebocyte progenitors are negative, and only sebocytes from the onset of their differentiation reveal positive cytoplasmic staining. Since there are very few selective and easy-to-use markers of sebaceous glands, LN-5 antibody can offer a simple and relatively specific way to detect human sebocytes from the onset of their.

Supplier: IBI Scientific

Kits provide a fast and economical method for the purification of total DNA (including genomic, mitochondrial, and viral DNA) fresh whole blood, plasma, serum, buffy coat, other bodily fluids, lymphocytes, bacteria, and cultured cells

Supplier: IBI Scientific

IBI gPURE DNA Isolation Kit offers a simple and gentle reagent DNA precipitation method for isolating high molecular weight genomic, mitochondrial, or viral DNA

Supplier: Prosci

Recognizes a protein of 57kDa, identified as p57Kip2. It shows no cross-reaction with p27Kip1. p57Kip2 is a potent tight-binding inhibitor of several G1 cyclin complexes, and is a negative regulator of cell proliferation. Anti-p57 has been used as an aide in identification of complete hydatidiform mole (CHM) (no nuclear labeling of cytotrophoblasts and stromal cells) from partial hydatidiform mole (PHM) in which both cytotrophoblasts and stromal cells stain. The histological differentiation of complete mole, partial mole, and hydropic spontaneous abortion is problematic. Most complete hydatidiform moles are diploid, whereas most partial moles are triploid. Ploidy studies will identify partial moles, but will not differentiate complete moles from non-molar gestations. Complete moles carry a high risk of persistent disease and choriocarcinoma, while partial moles have a very low risk. In normal placenta, many cytotrophoblast nuclei and stromal cells are labeled with this antibody. Similar findings apply to PHM and hydropic abortus tissues. Intervillous trophoblastic islands (IVTIs) demonstrate nuclear labeling in all three entities and serve as an internal control.

Supplier: Zymo Research

Part of the ZymoPURE™ plasmid kits collection, the ZymoPURE™ plasmid miniprep kit features a spin column-based method for the purification of up to 100 µg of ultra-pure endotoxin-free plasmid DNA in less than 15 minutes.

Supplier: Prosci

Recognizes a protein of 57kDa, identified as p57Kip2. It shows no cross-reaction with p27Kip1. p57Kip2 is a potent tight-binding inhibitor of several G1 cyclin complexes, and is a negative regulator of cell proliferation. Anti-p57 has been used as an aide in identification of complete hydatidiform mole (CHM) (no nuclear labeling of cytotrophoblasts and stromal cells) from partial hydatidiform mole (PHM) in which both cytotrophoblasts and stromal cells stain. The histological differentiation of complete mole, partial mole, and hydropic spontaneous abortion is problematic. Most complete hydatidiform moles are diploid, whereas most partial moles are triploid. Ploidy studies will identify partial moles, but will not differentiate complete moles from non-molar gestations. Complete moles carry a high risk of persistent disease and choriocarcinoma, while partial moles have a very low risk. In normal placenta, many cytotrophoblast nuclei and stromal cells are labeled with this antibody. Similar findings apply to PHM and hydropic abortus tissues. Intervillous trophoblastic islands (IVTIs) demonstrate nuclear labeling in all three entities and serve as an internal control.

Supplier: CUBE BIOTECH

AASTYs (Acrylic acid-co-styrenes) - like AASTY 11-55 - are highly alternating copolymers, well-suited for generating native lipid nanodiscs. They are a 2022 novel developed series for membrane protein solubilization & stabilization. AASTY 11-55 is named from its molecular weight and Acrylic Acid : Styrene Ratio. These varying ratios of acrylic acid to styrene contribute to the hydrophilic properties of our AASTYs. In general lighter AASTYs, like 6-45 tend to be more aggressive, while heavier AASTYs, such as 11-55 show higher thermodynamic stability.

The exact composition of AASTY copolymers shows different extraction efficiencies, depending on the lipid composition of the lipid bilayers being formulated into nanodiscs. As AASTY is made by controlled radical polymerization techniques, the dispersity of polymer molecular weight distribution is low, and the molecular weights are controlled. This means that excess AASTY copolymer can be removed by dialysis after nanodisc formation. Based on previous findings on SMA, it is the expectation that AASTY of different molecular weights will display different rates of nanodisc formation, extraction efficacy, and stability of resulting nanodiscs.

Every membrane protein solubilization needs to undergo a screening process before. The characteristic phospholipid environment surrounding the different membrane proteins in question performs differently well with each polymer. To support you in this process we offer a handy Screening Kit for AASTYs to test them all. Additionally, we recommend the two following publications if you would like to get further information: Smith et al. 2020 & Timcenko et al. 2022

Supplier: Prosci

alpha-Actinin 4 is an actin-bundling protein of ~100kDa that is associated with cell motility, endocytosis and cancer invasion. The alpha-actinin family comprises two non-muscle isoforms (alpha-actinin-1 and -4) and two skeletal muscle isoforms (alpha-actinin-2 and -3), with alpha-actinin-2 being also expressed in cardiac muscle. While alpha-actinin-4 is almost ubiquitously expressed, particularly high concentrations are found in glomeruli. On the subcellular level it is associated with actin stress fibers, but in certain cells it also localizes to the nucleus. Mutations in the alpha-actinin-4 gene cause an autosomal-dominant form of familial focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), which is thought to result from a defect in glomerular podocyte function. A point mutation in the alpha-actinin-4 gene was found to generate an antigenic peptide that is recognized by autologous cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) on a human lung carcinoma. alpha-Actinin-4 interacts with a variety of proteins, including the ring finger protein BERP, the PDZ-LIM protein CLP-36, the hemidesmosomal and cell-cell contact protein BP180, and the tight junction protein MAGI-1. Moreover, alpha-actinin-4 forms a ternary complex with Ca2+/Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II and densin-180, a protein of postsynaptic densities in CNS neurons. Ca2+-dependent association of alpha-actinin-4 with E3KARP is required for Ca2+-dependent inhibition of the Na+/H+ exchanger 3 (NHE3).

Supplier: Prosci

DLX3 is a member of the Dlx gene family which contains a homeobox that is related to that of Distal-less (Dll), a gene expressed in the head and limbs of the developing fruit fly. The Distal-less homeo box (Dlx) family of genes comprises at least 6 different members, DLX1-DLX6. Trichodentoosseous syndrome (TDO), an autosomal dominant condition, has been correlated with DLX3 gene mutation. Mutations in this gene have been associated with the autosomal dominant conditions trichodentoosseous syndrome and amelogenesis imperfecta with taurodontism.Many vertebrate homeo box-containing genes have been identified on the basis of their sequence similarity with Drosophila developmental genes. Members of the Dlx gene family contain a homeobox that is related to that of Distal-less (Dll), a gene expressed in the head and limbs of the developing fruit fly. The Distal-less (Dlx) family of genes comprises at least 6 different members, DLX1-DLX6. Trichodentoosseous syndrome (TDO), an autosomal dominant condition, has been correlated with DLX3 gene mutation. This gene is located in a tail-to-tail configuration with another member of the gene family on the long arm of chromosome 17. Mutations in this gene have been associated with the autosomal dominant conditions trichodentoosseous syndrome and amelogenesis imperfecta with taurodontism.

Supplier: Invitrogen

Thermo Scientific Pierce DSP (Lomant's Reagent) is a water-insoluble, homo-bifunctional N-hydroxysuccimide ester (NHS ester) crosslinker that is thiol-cleavable, primary amine-reactive, and useful for many applications. DSP contains an amine-reactive NHS ester at each end of an 8-carbon spacer arm. NHS esters react with primary amines at pH 7–9 to form stable amide bonds and releasing N-hydroxy-succinimide. Proteins, including antibodies, generally have several primary amines in the side chain of lysine (K) residues and the N-terminus of each polypeptide that are available as targets for NHS ester crosslinking reagents. DSP is non-sulfonated and insoluble in water, so it must first be dissolved in an organic solvent and then added to the aqueous reaction mixture. Because DSP does not possess a charged group, it is lipophilic and membrane-permeable and so useful for intracellular and intramembrane conjugation. A sulfonated analog of DSP (DTTSP) is water soluble. DSS, the non-cleavable analog of the DSP crosslinker is also available for applications that require a stable spacer arm that cannot be cleaved in the presence of reducing agents.

Supplier: Zymo Research

Spin columns for the purification of DNA and/or RNA and fluorescent dye removal.

Supplier: Cytiva

Sephadex™ G-100 DNA Grade is ideal for use in preparing spin columns for DNA purification.

Supplier: G-Biosciences

G-Biosciences' Tri-Xtract™ is a convenient, ready-to-use reagent designed for the isolation of total RNA that is free from protein and DNA contamination

Supplier: New England Biolabs (NEB)

The Monarch® RNA Cleanup Columns (50 µg) are a component of the Monarch® RNA Cleanup Kit (50 µg) and can be used to purify up to 50 µg of RNA from enzymatic reactions. 

Supplier: Cytiva

Sera-Xtracta virus/pathogen kits for high-throughput total nucleic acid (DNA/RNA) isolation from bacteria and viruses including adenovirus (type 14), influenza A (H3N2) and COVID-19.

Supplier: Biosensis

BDNF belongs to the neurotrophin family and promotes the survival of neuronal populations that are all located either in the central nervous system or directly connected to it. It is a major regulator of synaptic transmission and plasticity at adult synapses in many regions of the CNS. The versatility of BDNF is emphasized by its contribution to a range of adaptive neuronal responses including long-term potentiation (LTP), long-term depression (LTD), certain forms of short-term synaptic plasticity, as well as homeostatic regulation of intrinsic neuronal excitability. The alterations in BDNF expression induced by various kinds of brain insult including stress, ischemia, seizure activity and hypoglycemia, may contribute to some pathologies such as depression, epilepsy, Alzheimer's, and Parkinson's disease. Microglia release BDNF that may contribute to neuroinflammation and neuropathic pain. SUBUNIT: Monomers and homodimers. Binds to NTRK2/TRKB. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted protein. POst translation modification: Converted into mature BDNF by plasmin (PLG). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NGF-beta family. Antibody reacts with human, mouse, rat, guinea pig BDNF. Expected to detect BDNF from other species due to sequence homology.

Supplier: Zymo Research

The YeaStar™ RNA Kit provides all the necessary reagents for RNA isolation from a broad spectrum of fungi including: Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus nidulans, Aspergillus nivens var. aureus, Candida albicans, Pichia pastoris, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

Supplier: Prosci

Cytosolic and membrane-bound forms of glutathione S-transferase are two distinct supergene families. At present, eight distinct classes of the soluble cytoplasmic mammalian glutathione S-transferases have been identified: alpha, kappa, mu, omega, pi, sigma, theta and zeta. GSTM1 a glutathione S-transferase that belongs to the mu class. The mu class of enzymes functions in the detoxification of electrophilic compounds, including carcinogens, therapeutic drugs, environmental toxins and products of oxidative stress, by conjugation with glutathione.Cytosolic and membrane-bound forms of glutathione S-transferase are encoded by two distinct supergene families. At present, eight distinct classes of the soluble cytoplasmic mammalian glutathione S-transferases have been identified: alpha, kappa, mu, omega, pi, sigma, theta and zeta. This gene encodes a glutathione S-transferase that belongs to the mu class. The mu class of enzymes functions in the detoxification of electrophilic compounds, including carcinogens, therapeutic drugs, environmental toxins and products of oxidative stress, by conjugation with glutathione. The genes encoding the mu class of enzymes are organized in a gene cluster on chromosome 1p13.3 and are known to be highly polymorphic. These genetic variations can change an individual's susceptibility to carcinogens and toxins as well as affect the toxicity and efficacy of certain drugs. Null mutations of this class mu gene have been linked with an increase in a number of cancers, likely due to an increased susceptibility to environmental toxins and carcinogens. Multiple protein isoforms are encoded by transcript variants of this gene.

Supplier: Prosci

MAP2K2 is a dual specificity protein kinase that belongs to the MAP kinase kinase family. This kinase is known to play a critical role in mitogen growth factor signal transduction. It phosphorylates and thus activates MAPK1/ERK2 and MAPK2/ERK3. The activation of this kinase itself is dependent on the Ser/Thr phosphorylation by MAP kinase kinase kinases. Mutations in MAP2K2 gene cause cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome (CFC syndrome), a disease characterized by heart defects, mental retardation, and distinctive facial features similar to those found in Noonan syndrome. The inhibition or degradation of this kinase is also found to be involved in the pathogenesis of Yersinia and anthrax. A pseudogene, which is located on chromosome 7, has been identified for this gene.The protein encoded by this gene is a dual specificity protein kinase that belongs to the MAP kinase kinase family. This kinase is known to play a critical role in mitogen growth factor signal transduction. It phosphorylates and thus activates MAPK1/ERK2 and MAPK2/ERK3. The activation of this kinase itself is dependent on the Ser/Thr phosphorylation by MAP kinase kinase kinases. Mutations in this gene cause cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome (CFC syndrome), a disease characterized by heart defects, mental retardation, and distinctive facial features similar to those found in Noonan syndrome. The inhibition or degradation of this kinase is also found to be involved in the pathogenesis of Yersinia and anthrax. A pseudogene, which is located on chromosome 7, has been identified for this gene. Publication Note: This RefSeq record includes a subset of the publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Entrez Gene record to access additional publications.

Supplier: Thermo Fisher Scientific

Get premium performance and flexibility with the Orion™ Versa Star Pro™ Meter with pH and Conductivity Modules for simultaneous pH, conductivity, and temperature analysis.

Supplier: Prosci

This antibody is specific for a 17-26kDa protein, which is identified as the cytokine TNF alpha (Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha). It can be expressed as a 17kDa free molecule, or as a 26kDa membrane protein. It is a protein secreted by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages, and causes tumor necrosis when injected into tumor bearing mice. TNF alpha is believed to mediate pathogenic shock and tissue injury associated with endotoxemia. It exists as a multimer of two, three, or five non-covalently linked units, but shows a single 17kDa band following SDS PAGE under reducing conditions. TNF alpha is closely related to the 25kDa protein Tumor Necrosis Factor beta (lymphotoxin), sharing the same receptors and cellular actions. TNF alpha causes cytolysis of certain transformed cells, being synergistic with interferon gamma in its cytotoxicity. Although it has little effect on many cultured normal human cells, TNF alpha appears to be directly toxic to vascular endothelial cells. Other actions of TNF alpha include stimulating growth of human fibroblasts and other cell lines, activating polymorphonuclear neutrophils and osteoclasts, and induction of interleukin 1, prostaglandin E2 and collagenase production. TNF alpha is currently being evaluated in treatment of certain cancers and AIDS Related Complex.

Supplier: Omega Bio-Tek

The E.Z.N.A.® plasmid systems are able to isolate plasmid DNA by means of HiBind™ columns, Mag-Bind™ beads, or isopropanol precipitation

Supplier: Prosci

Receptors for the Fc region of immunoglobin G (Fc gamma R) are divided into three classes and Fc gamma RIII is a multifunctional, low/intermediate affinity receptor. In humans, Fc gamma RIII is expressed as two distinct forms (Fc gamma RIIIA and Fc gamma RIIIB) that are encoded by two different but highly homologous genes in a cell type-specific manner. Fc gamma RIIIB is a low-affinity, GPI-linked receptor expressed by neutrophils and eosinophils, whereas Fc gamma RIIIA is an intermediate affinity polypeptide-anchored transmembrane glycoprotein expressed by a subset of T lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, monocytes, and macrophages. The Fc gamma RIIIA receptor is involved in phagocytosis, secretion of enzymes, inflammatory mediators, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), mast cell degranulation, and clearance of immune complexes. Fc gamma RIIIA has an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) in its cytoplasmic domain and delivers an activation signal in the immune responses. Aberrant expression or mutations in this gene is implicated in susceptibility to recurrent viral infections, systemic lupus erythematosus, and alloimmune neonatal neutropenia. In humans, it is a 50 -70 kD type I transmembrane activating receptor. The Fc gamma RIIIA cDNA encodes 254 amino acid including a 16aa signal sequence, 191 amino acid ECD with two C2-type Ig-like domains, five potential N-glycosylation sites, a 22 amino acid transmembrane sequence and a 25 amino acid cytoplasmic domain.

Supplier: Analytik Jena US

The innuPREP DOUBLEpure Kit allows efficiently extracting of DNA fragments from TAE or TBE agarose gels, and utilizes a novel 2-step technology for purifying amplification products from PCR reaction mixtures.

Supplier: Zymo Research

The Quick-DNA/RNA MiniPrep Plus kit combines Quick-DNA/RNA technology with the addition of DNA/RNA Shield, a preservation and lysis technology, and Proteinase K to enable easy, reliable, and rapid isolation from any biological sample including cells, solid tissue, and whole blood. The procedure uses Zymo-Spin column technology that results in high-quality genomic DNA and total RNA that is ready for any downstream application including reverse transcription, microarray, sequencing, etc.

Supplier: Zymo Research

The ZymoBIOMICS™ DNA Kits are designed for purifying DNA from a variety of sample inputs that is immediately ready for microbiome or metagenomic analyses.