STING H232 variant; SUMO-tagged contains amino acids 155-341 of the H232 variant and a removable N-terminal SUMOpro™ tag. Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is a component of the innate immune response that binds to cyclic dinucleotides, which are bacterial second messengers, leading to activation of NF-κB and transcription of immunomodulatory genes, including type I interferon (IFN). The H232 variant of STING is found at a 13.7% frequency in the 1000 Genome Project. The SNP variant R232 (Item No. 22816) is the most common variant in the human population, found at a frequency of 57.9%. Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) proteins modify proteins post-translationally, leading to a variety of functional effects. In unstimulated cells in vitro, sumoylation stabilizes STING, inhibits its degradation, and facilitates oligomerization, leading to increased recruitment and activation of IRF3. In the early phase of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection in vitro, dimerized STING is sumoylated by Trim38 and then desumoylated by Senp2 and degraded during the late phase of infection.

Used for: Infectious Disease, Autoimmunity, Signal Transduction