Human GIP 1-42 (Active) ELISA determines human GIP 1-42 active form in plasma and culture medium.

• Dynamic Range: 3.9 - 250 pg/mL
• Sensitivity: 3.9 pg/mL
• Incubation: 3.5 hours

The incretin hormones, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagons-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), are a group of gastrointestinal hormones that cause an increase in the amount of insulin released from the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans after ingestion of food. The intestinal peptide GIP was first isolated from porcine upper small intestine1). The sequences of porcine2) 3), bovine4) and human GIP5) have been determined, each has 42 amino acids, and the sequences is highly conserved. The porcine and bovine peptides differ from the human at two and three site, respectively. Takeda et al. have isolated a human cDNA encoding the GIP precursor and confirming that GIP belongs to the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)/Glucagon/secretin family6). GIP is a gastrointestinal peptide hormone that is released from duodenal Endocrinology K cells after absorption of glucose or fat7). GIP is a potent releaser of insulin in experimental animals8) and in man 9,10) provided that the blood glucose is above basal level. Plasma level of GIP is elevated after an oral glucose load or a meal in normal man. This increase after a meal is below normal in newly diagnosed insulin–dependent diabetics11). It is now being recognized that GIP receptor is also expressed in organs and cells such as duodenum, small intestine, pancreatic alpha-cell, adipocyte and osteoblast. These results demonstrate GIP may have a lot of physiological effect in addition to their glucoregulatory effects12,13,14,15). GIP is rapidly inactivated by the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase- 4 (DPP- 4) to GIP (3-42) with a blood half-life of only several minutes. DPP- 4 inhibitor can prolong the half-life of GIP, that expecting treatment of incretin effect. This Eagle Biosciences Human GIP (Active) ELISA Assay kit has high specificity to human GIP (1-42) active form and shows no cross-reactivity to human GIP (3-42) inactive form.