ICAM-1, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily which characterized by heavy glycosylation with an extracellular domain composed of multiple loops created by disulfide bridges within the protein. The dominant structure of this protein is beta sheet which hypothesize the presence of dimerization domains within ICAM-1. Cytokines such as IL-1 and TNFα increases the concentration of ICAM-1 on the cell surface.

The ligand of ICAM-1 is LFA-1 (leukocyte function associated antigen 1), which is found on all T cells. This LFA-1/ICAM-1 interaction has been shown to be important for T cell-T cell interactions, which leads to further T cell differentiation. As ICAM-1 was identified as the binding target for entry of the major group of human rhinoviruses into various cell types and is also known for its affinity for Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes which found to play a greater role in infectious diseases.

Storage: Unopened vial can be stored between 2 °C and 8 °C for three months, at -20 °C for six months, or at -70 °C for one year. For maximum results, quick spin vial prior to opening. Stock solutions should be prepared at no less than 10 µg/mL in sterile buffer (PBS, HPBS, DPBS, and EBSS) containing carrier protein such as 1% BSA or HSA. After dilution, the cytokine can be stored between 2 °C and 8 °C for one month or from -20 °C to -70 °C for up to 3 months. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.