Interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1α) is expressed by epithelial cells, activated macrophages, neutrophils, and endothelial cells to regulate immune responses. IL-1α signals through the IL-1 receptor, type 1 (IL-1R1) to activate the myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MYD88) signaling pathway, which contains the cytoplasmic Toll/IL-1 receptor (TIR) domain adapter. IL-1α and the independently regulated IL-1β protein have overlapping proinflammatory activities to induce adhesion molecule expression on epithelial cells, control fever induction, initiate rheumatoid arthritis, and promote septic shock.

Shenandoah Biotechnology is a manufacturer of research grade recombinant proteins typically used as cytokines, growth factors and chemokines in cell based assays and cell culture. Each production lot is tested for QA and the expected values for each product can be viewed under the product specifications tab.

A COA is supplied with each product shipped detailing purity, formulation, biological activity, endotoxin levels, reconstitution instructions and recommended storage conditions.  This product is for research use only and is not for use in humans.