118486 Results for: "Zamra\\u017Carki+kriogeniczne,+skrzyniowe&pageNo=30"

Supplier: Bioss

May play a role in intercellular signaling and in connecting cells with the extracellular matrix. May take part in the regulation of cell motility, growth and differentiation. Binds hyaluronic acid.

Supplier: Bioss

Exchange factor for GTP-binding proteins RhoA, RhoG and, to a lesser extent, Rac1. Binds physically to the nucleotide-free states of those GTPases (By similarity). Plays an important role in angiogenesis. Its recruitment by phosphorylated EPHA2 is critical for EFNA1-induced RAC1 GTPase activation and vascular endothelial cell migration and assembly. May be important for integrin-mediated signaling, at least in some cell types. In osteoclasts, along with SYK tyrosine kinase, required for signaling through integrin alpha-v/beta-1 (ITAGV-ITGB1), a crucial event for osteoclast proper cytoskeleton organization and function. This signaling pathway involves RAC1, but not RHO, activation. Necessary for proper wound healing. In the course of wound healing, required for the phagocytotic cup formation preceding macrophage phagocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils. Responsible for integrin beta-2-mediated macrophage adhesion and, to a lesser extent, contributes to beta-3-mediated adhesion. Does not affect integrin beta-1-mediated adhesion.

Supplier: Bioss

Functions in the early steps of protein synthesis by forming a ternary complex with GTP and initiator tRNA. This complex binds to a 4S ribosomal subunit, followed by mRNA binding to form a 43S preinitiation complex. Junction of the 6S ribosomal subunit to form the 8S initiation complex is preceded by hydrolysis of the GTP bound to eIF-2 and release of an eIF-2-GDP binary complex. In order for eIF-2 to recycle and catalyze another round of initiation, the GDP bound to eIF-2 must exchange with GTP by way of a reaction catalyzed by eIF-2B.

Supplier: Bioss

IFN-induced dsRNA-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase which plays a key role in the innate immune response to viral infection and is also involved in the regulation of signal transduction, apoptosis, cell proliferation and differentiation. Exerts its antiviral activity on a wide range of DNA and RNA viruses including hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), measles virus (MV) and herpes simplex virus 1 (HHV-1). Inhibits viral replication via phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (EIF2S1), this phosphorylation impairs the recycling of EIF2S1 between successive rounds of initiation leading to inhibition of translation which eventually results in shutdown of cellular and viral protein synthesis. Also phosphorylates other substrates including p53/TP53, PPP2R5A, DHX9, ILF3, IRS1 and the HHV-1 viral protein US11. In addition to serine/threonine-protein kinase activity, also has tyrosine-protein kinase activity and phosphorylates CDK1 at 'Tyr-4' upon DNA damage, facilitating its ubiquitination and proteosomal degradation. Either as an adapter protein and/or via its kinase activity, can regulate various signaling pathways (p38 MAP kinase, NF-kappa-B and insulin signaling pathways) and transcription factors (JUN, STAT1, STAT3, IRF1, ATF3) involved in the expression of genes encoding proinflammatory cytokines and IFNs. Activates the NF-kappa-B pathway via interaction with IKBKB and TRAF family of proteins and activates the p38 MAP kinase pathway via interaction with MAP2K6. Can act as both a positive and negative regulator of the insulin signaling pathway (ISP). Negatively regulates ISP by inducing the inhibitory phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) at 'Ser-312' and positively regulates ISP via phosphorylation of PPP2R5A which activates FOXO1, which in turn up-regulates the expression of insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2).

Supplier: Bioss

The PSD-95/SAP 90 family of proteins, which are known to bind to and cluster various membrane proteins, are involved in the organization of synaptic structure. These proteins are physically and functionally linked to cytoskeletal and/or signaling proteins. CRIPT (for cysteine-rich interactor of PDZ three), a novel postsynaptic protein, binds specifically to the PDZ3 domain of PSD-95/SAP 90. CRIPT induces the recruitment of PSD-95/SAP 90 to microtubules, and it has been shown to bind directly to microtubules, indicating that it may be responsible for cytoskeletal anchoring of PSD-95/SAP 90. CRIPT is widely expressed outside of the brain and is highly conserved from animals to plants suggesting a wider role in regulating cytoskeleton-membrane associations.

Supplier: Bioss

RBMX2 is a 322 amino acid member of the IST3 family that contains one RRM (RNA recognition motif) domain. The RBMX2 gene is intronless, conserved in chimpanzee, dog, cow, mouse, rat, zebrafish, fruit fly, mosquito, C.elegans, S.pombe, S.cerevisiae, K.lactis, E.gossypii, M.grisea, N.crassa, A.thaliana, rice and P.falciparum, and maps to human chromosome Xq25. The X and Y chromosomes are the human sex chromosomes. Chromosome X consists of about 153 million base pairs and nearly 1,000 genes. The combination of an X and Y chromosome lead to normal male development while two copies of X lead to normal female development. More than one copy of the X chromosome with a Y chromosome causes Klinefelter's syndrome. A single copy of X alone leads to Turner's syndrome. More than 2 copies of the X chromosome, in the absence of a Y chromosome, is known as Triple X syndrome. Color blindness, hemophilia, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy are well known X chromosome-linked conditions that affect males more frequently as males carry a single X chromosome.

Supplier: Bioss

Cytochrome c oxidase, the terminal component of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, catalyzes the electron transfer from reduced cytochrome c to oxygen. This component is a heteromeric complex consisting of three catalytic subunits encoded by mitochondrial genes, and multiple structural subunits encoded by nuclear genes. The mitochondrially-encoded subunits function in electron transfer, while the nuclear-encoded subunits may function in the regulation and assembly of the complex. This nuclear gene encodes polypeptide 2 (liver isoform) of subunit VIIa, with this polypeptide being present in both muscle and non-muscle tissues. In addition to polypeptide 2, subunit VIIa includes polypeptide 1 (muscle isoform), which is present only in muscle tissues, and a related protein, which is present in all tissues. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Related pseudogenes have been identified on chromosomes 4 and 14. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2009]

Supplier: Abcam

Rabbit monoclonal [1H1L9] to IL-33.

Supplier: Bioss

CD109 is a a novel member of the alpha2-macroglobulin (alpha2M)/complement superfamily. It is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked cell surface glycoprotein of approximately 170 kd found onendothelial cells, activated platelets and T-cells and on a subset of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Although it has been suggested that T-cell CD109 may play a role in antibody-inducing T-helper function and it is known that platelet CD109 carries the Gov alloantigen system, the role of CD109 in hematopoietic cells remains largely unknown.CD109 has been identified as part of the TGF-beta receptor system in human keratinocytes and upregulation of CD109 expression has been observed in several different types of tumour.

Supplier: Bioss

Heme oxygenase cleaves the heme ring at the alpha methene bridge to form biliverdin. Biliverdin is subsequently converted to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase. Under physiological conditions, the activity of heme oxygenase is highest in the spleen, where senescent erythrocytes are sequestrated and destroyed. Exhibits cytoprotective effects since excess of free heme sensitizes cells to undergo apoptosis.

Supplier: Bioss

Transforming Growth Factor (TGF) betas mediate many cell to cell interactions that occur during embryonic development. Three TGF betas have been identified in mammals. TGF beta 1, TGF beta 2 and TGF beta 3 are each synthesized as precursor proteins that are very similar in that each is cleaved to yield a 112 amino acid polypeptide that remains associated with the latent portion of the molecule. The TGF beta polypeptides are multifunctional; capable of influencing cell proliferation, differentiation, and other functions in a wide range of cell types. Transformed, as well as nonneoplastic tissues, release transforming growth factors; and essentially all mammalian cells possess a specific TGF receptor. The multi modal nature of TGF beta is seen in its ability to stimulate or inhibit cellular proliferation. In general, cells of mesenchymal origin appear to be stimulated by TGF beta whereas cells of epithelial or neuroectodermal origin are inhibited by the peptide. TGF beta 1, TGF beta 2, and TGF beta 1.2 appear to be equivalent in biological activity, although there does appear to be differences in binding to certain types of receptors. TGF beta 2 is produced by many cell types and has been found in the highest concentration in porcine platelets and mammalian bone. Latent TGF beta 2 is the prominent isoform found in body fluids such as amniotic fluid, breast milk, and the aqueous and vitreous humor of the eye.

Supplier: Bioss

NF-kappa-B is a ubiquitous transcription factor involved in several biological processes. It is held in the cytoplasm in an inactive state by specific inhibitors. Upon degradation of the inhibitor, NF-kappa-B moves to the nucleus and activates transcription of specific genes. NF-kappa-B is composed of NFKB1 or NFKB2 bound to either REL, RELA, or RELB. The most abundant form of NF-kappa-B is NFKB1 complexed with the product of this gene, RELA. Four transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2011].

Supplier: Bioss

2010013H22Rik; 2210021I22Rik; 2210401J11Rik; 3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1; 6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 3; 6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase; Beta 1 3 galactosyl O glycosyl glycoprotein beta 1 6 N acetylglucosaminyltransferase 3; Beta-1; Beta1 6 N acetylglucosaminyltransferase 3; beta1 6 N acetylglucosaminyltransferase; C2/4GnT; C24GNT; C2GnT M; C2GnT mucin type; C2GnT-M; C2GnT-mucin type; C2GnT2; C2GNTM; Core 2 beta 1 6 N acetylglucosaminyltransferase II; Core 2/core 4 beta 1 6 N acetylglucosaminyltransferase; Core 2/core 4 beta-1; dI/C2/C4GnT; EC 2.4.1.102; EC 2.4.1.150; GCNT3; GCNT3_HUMAN; Glucosaminyl (N acetyl) transferase 3; Glucosaminyl (N acetyl) transferase 3 mucin type; GnT M; GNTM; hC2GnT M; hC2GnT-M; Mucus-type core 2 beta-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase. OTTHUMP00000163601.

Supplier: Bioss

Gap junction protein that acts as a regulator of bladder capacity. A gap junction consists of a cluster of closely packed pairs of transmembrane channels, the connexons, through which materials of low MW diffuse from one cell to a neighboring cell. May play a critical role in the physiology of hearing by participating in the recycling of potassium to the cochlear endolymph. Negative regulator of bladder functional capacity: acts by enhancing intercellular electrical and chemical transmission, thus sensitizing bladder muscles to cholinergic neural stimuli and causing them to contract (By similarity).

Supplier: Bioss

S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent histone methyltransferase that specifically methylates 'Lys-9' of histone H3. May function as a DNA-binding transcription factor. Binds to the macrophage-specific TPA-responsive element (MTE) of the HMOX1 (heme oxygenase 1) gene and may act as a transcriptional activator of this gene.

Supplier: Bioss

Cooperates with AGTR2 to inhibit ERK2 activation and cell proliferation. May be required for AGTR2 cell surface expression. Together with PTPN6, induces UBE2V2 expression upon angiotensin-II stimulation. Isoform 1 inhibits breast cancer cell proliferation, delays the progression of mitosis by prolonging metaphase and reduces tumor growth.

Supplier: Bioss

May be related to cancer progression or tumor metastasis in a variety of organ sites, most likely through an interaction with the actin cytoskeleton.

Supplier: Bioss

Produced by lymphocytes activated by specific antigens or mitogens. IFN-gamma, in addition to having antiviral activity, has important immunoregulatory functions. It is a potent activator of macrophages, it has antiproliferative effects on transformed cells and it can potentiate the antiviral and antitumor effects of the type I interferons.

Supplier: Bioss

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that regulates several biological processes through ubiquitination of various target proteins. Depending on the associated E2 ligase, mediates 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination of substrates. Through their polyubiquitination, may play a role in the endosomal sorting and degradation of several membrane receptors including EGFR, FLT3, MET and CXCR4. May also be part of a BAG6-dependent quality control process ensuring that proteins of the secretory pathway that are mislocalized to the cytosol are degraded by the proteasome. May provide the ubiquitin ligase activity associated with the BAG6 complex and be responsible for ubiquitination of the mislocalized proteins and their targeting to the proteasome (PubMed:24981174). May also play a role in the endosomal recycling of IGF2R, the cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor (PubMed:24275455). By ubiquitinating CDKN1A/p21 and targeting it for degradation, may also promote cell proliferation (PubMed:23026136). May monoubiquitinate AICDA (PubMed:23277564).

Supplier: Bioss

CRTAP is a secreted protein localizing to the extracellular space that plays a role in collagen post-translational modifications, extracellular fibril assembly and intracellular trafficking. CRTAP is widely expressed with predominant expression in articular chondrocytes. It contains a signal peptide and a tetratricopeptide-like helical domain and is essential for normal bone formation. In the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), CRTAP forms a complex with Gros1 and CyPB (cyclophilin B) and is required for the efficient 3-hydroxylation of target prolyl residues in Collagen Type I molecules, the major structural proteins of skin and bone. Mutations in the gene encoding CRTAP can lead to autosomal recessive osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) type 7 and type 2B. OI, also known as brittle bone disease, is characterized by bone fragility and susceptibility to fractures. OI type 7 is a mild form of this disorder, while OI type 2B is a neonatal lethal condition.

Supplier: Bioss

SNF2L, also known as SMARCA1 (SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily a, member 1), SWI or ISWI, is a 1,054 amino acid protein that localizes to the nucleus and contains one helicase C-terminal domain, one helicase ATP-binding domain and two SANT domains. Expressed as multiple alternatively spliced isoforms, SNF2L exists as a component of the nucleosome-remodeling factor (NURF) complex where it helps to facilitate the ATP-dependent perturbation of chromatin structure and may also be involved in brain development and neurite outgrowth. The gene encoding SNF2L maps to human chromosome X, which contains nearly 153 million base pairs and houses over 1,000 genes.

Supplier: Bioss

Mediates export of organic anions and drugs from the cytoplasm. Mediates ATP-dependent transport of glutathione and glutathione conjugates, leukotriene C4, estradiol-17-beta-o-glucuronide, methotrexate, antiviral drugs and other xenobiotics. Confers resistance to anticancer drugs. Hydrolyzes ATP with low efficiency.

Supplier: Bioss

This gene encodes a transmembrane protein containing six epidermal growth factor repeats. The protein is involved in the differentiation of several cell types, including adipocytes; it is also thought to be a tumor suppressor. It is one of several imprinted genes located in a region of on chr 14q32. Certain mutations in this imprinted region can cause phenotypes similar to maternal and paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 14 (UPD14). This gene is expressed from the paternal allele. A polymorphism within this gene has been associated with child and adolescent obesity. The mode of inheritance for this polymorphism is polar overdominance; this non-Mendelian inheritance pattern was first described in sheep with the callipyge phenotype, which is characterized by muscle hypertrophy and decreased fat mass. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2010].

Supplier: Bioss

The steroid hormones and their receptors are involved in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Progesterone receptor isoform B (PRB) is involved activation of c-SRC/MAPK signaling on hormone stimulation. Isoform A: inactive in stimulating c-Src/MAPK signaling on hormone stimulation. Isoform 4: Increases mitochondrial membrane potential and cellular respiration upon stimulation by progesterone.

Supplier: Bioss

Involved in the maintenance and repair of the intestinal mucosa. Promotes the mobility of epithelial cells in healing processes (motogen).

Supplier: Bioss

Glycosylation of asparagine residues in Asn-X-Ser/Thr motifs in proteins commonly occur in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Glucosidase I catalyzes the first step in the N-linked oligosaccharide processing pathway. It specifically removes the distal alpha 1,2-linked glucose residue from the Glc3-Man9-GlcNAc2 oligosaccharide precursor. Glucosidase I contains a short cytosolic tail, a single pass transmembrane domain and a large C-terminal catalytic domain located on the luminal side of the ER. Mutations in the gene encoding Glucosidase I result in the congenital disorder glycosylation (CDG-IIb), which is characterized by generalized hypotonia, dysmorphic features, hepatomegaly, hypoventilation, feeding problems, seizures and death. Two point mutations in the Glucosidase I gene have been identified and result in amino acid substitutions, namely Arg486Thr and Phe652Leu, that affect polypeptide folding and active site formation.

Supplier: Bioss

B cell adapter molecule is also designated dual adapter for phosphotyrosine and 3-phosphotyrosine and 3-phosphoinositide (DAPP1) or B lymphocyte adapter protein. BAM32 is a B cell-associated adapter that is crucial for B cell antigen receptor signaling regulation. BAM32 interacts with Ptdlns and PLC g2 and, upon B cell activation, the protein is phosphorylated on tyrosine residues. It is a mainly cytoplasmic protein that can translocate to the cell membrane after cell stimulation. BAM32, which contains one PH domain and one SH2 domain, is primarily expressed in placenta and lung tissues, but can also be detected in heart, liver, pancreas and brain.

Supplier: Bioss

May be implicated in the regulation of the transcription as a repressor of the transcriptional activity of E4TF1. In tumor cell lines, may induce apoptosis.

Supplier: Bioss

BAG5 is a member of the BAG1 related protein family. BAG1 is an anti apoptotic protein that functions through interactions with a variety of cell apoptosis and growth related proteins including BCL 2, Raf protein kinase, steroid hormone receptors, growth factor receptors and members of the heat shock protein 70 kDa family. A BAG domain near the C terminus, may bind and inhibit the chaperone activity of Hsc70/Hsp70. It has been hypothesized that the BAG5 protein will induce the death of nigral neurons through its predicted interaction with hsp70, which will cause increased protein aggregation and cell death by disinhibition of hsp70’s anti apoptotic function. It is believed that BAG5 will play an important role in the mechanisms of neuronal death. BAG5 may also be of interest due to its possible role as a modulator of the hsp70/hsp40 chaperone axis or its possible interaction and coordination of localization/modulation of other BAG containing proteins via BAG-BAGheterodimerization.

Supplier: Bioss

Produced by lymphocytes activated by specific antigens or mitogens. IFN-gamma, in addition to having antiviral activity, has important immunoregulatory functions. It is a potent activator of macrophages, it has antiproliferative effects on transformed cells and it can potentiate the antiviral and antitumor effects of the type I interferons.