622 Results for: "Biosensis"

Supplier: Biosensis

Ubiquitin is a highly conserved 76 amino acid protein with an estimated molecular weight of 8.56 kDa which has a central role in regulated protein degradation. It is a protein modifier which can be covalently attached to target lysines either as a monomer or as a lysine-linked polymer. Several types of polymeric chains can be formed depending on the lysine used for the assembly. Attachment to proteins as a polymer leads to their degradation by the 26S proteosome; a complex, multicatalytic cytosolic and nuclear protease. Attachment to proteins as a monomer or as an alternatively linked polymer does not lead to proteasomal degradation and may be required for numerous functions, including maintenance of chromatic structure, regulation of gene expression, stress response, ribosome biogenesis and DNA repair. Ubiquitin is synthesized as a polyubiquitin precursor with exact head to tail repeats, the number of repeats of which differ between species and strains. In some species there is a final amino-acid after the last repeat, here in bovine a Cys. Some ubiquitin genes contain a single copy of ubiquitin fused to a ribosomal protein (either L40 or S27a).

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Catenin beta is an adherens junction protein and has a role in the regulation of cell adhesion and in signal transduction through the Wnt pathway. At least 2 isoforms are produced by alternative splicing.

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SUMO-1 binds to a wide range of target proteins as part of a post-translational modification system. Unlike ubiquitin, it does not seem to target protein for degradation, but is involved in a number of cellular processes such as nuclear transport, DNA replication and repair, mitosis, apoptosis, protein stability and signal transduction. SUBUNIT: Covalently attached to a number of proteins such as PML, RANGAP1, HIPK2, SP100, p53, p73alpha, MDM2, JUN and DNMT3B. Also interacts with HIF1A, HIPK2, HIPK3, CHD3, PIAS1, EXOSC9, TDG, RAD51 and RAD52. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus; nuclear membrane. Nucleus; nucleoplasm; nuclear speckle. Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ubiquitin family. SMT3 subfamily. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 ubiquitin-like domain. PTM: Cleavage of the last four amino acids of the carboxy-terminus of the precursor form by SENP1 or SENP2 is necessary for function. Several pseudogenes have been reported as well as a number of alternatively spliced isoforms.

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FUNCTION: Nuclear phosphoprotein which forms a tight but non-covalently linked complex with the JUN/AP-1 transcription factor. Has a critical function in regulating the development of cells destined to form and maintain the skeleton. It is thought to have an important role in signal transduction, cell proliferation and differentiation. SUBUNIT: Heterodimer. Interacts with DSIPI; this interaction inhibits the binding of active AP1 to its target DNA. Interacts with MAFB. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. INDUCTION: C-fos expression increases upon a variety of stimuli, including growth factors, cytokines, neurotransmitters, polypeptide hormones, stress and cell injury. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bZIP family. Fos subfamily. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 bZIP domain

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Peroxiredoxin-4 has a probable role in redox regulation of the cell.

Supplier: Biosensis

Nicastrin, a type 1 membrane glycoprotein, is an essential component of the gamma secretase complex which is critical for the cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein and other membrane proteins. Nicastrin is widely expressed in different tissue types. This antibody detects all processed forms of Nicastrin.

Supplier: Biosensis

Autosomal recessive mutations in DJ-1 cause early-onset familial Parkinson's disease. DJ-1 is considered a redox-sensitive cytoplasmic protein found in brain as well as other cell types.

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Histone H3 is a core component of nucleosome.

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Human Gastrin is a 101 amino acid hormone produced by G cells of the duodenum, stomach and pancreas. It stimulates secretion of hydrochloric acid by parietal cells of the stomach. Gastrin is also secreted into bloodstream.

Supplier: Biosensis

Autosomal dominant mutations in presenilin 2 are the second major cause of early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease. Presenilin 2 is a multi-transmembrane protein which undergoes endoprotelysis to form an N-terminal fragment of about 29 kDa and C-terminal fragment of about 22 kDa. Presenilin 2 forms the catalytic core of the gamma-secretase complex which cleaves type 1 transmembrane proteins including the amyloid precursor protein to generate the C-terminus of the amyloid beta peptide.

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The Lamin proteins are members of the intermediate filament protein family but are located inside the nucleus rather than in the cytoplasm (1). The lamins function as skeletal components tightly associated with the inner nuclear membrane. Originally the proteins of the nuclear cytoskeleton were named Lamin A, B and C, from top to bottom as visualized on SDS-PAGE gels. Subsequently it was found that Lamins A and C were coded for by a single gene (2), while the Lamin B band may contain two proteins encoded by two genes now called Lamin B1 and Lamin B2. Lamin A has a mass of about 74kDa while Lamin C is 65kDa. The Lamin A protein includes 98 amino acids missing from Lamin C, while Lamin C has a C-terminal 6 amino acid peptide not present in Lamin A. Apart from these regions Lamin A and C are identical so that antibodies raised against either protein are likely to cross react with the other, as is the case with this monoclonal. Lamin polymerization and depolymerization is regulated by phosphorylation by cyclin dependent protein kinase 1 (CDK1), the key component of "maturation promoting factor", the central regulator of cell division. Activity of this kinase increases during cell division and is responsible for the breakdown of the nuclear lamina. Mutations in the LMNA gene are associated with several serious human diseases, including Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy, familial partial lipodystrophy, limb girdle muscular dystrophy, dilated cardiomyopathy, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2B1, and Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome. This family of diseases belong to a larger group which are often referred to as Laminopathies, though some laminopathies are associated in defects in Lamin B1, B2 or one or other of the numerous nuclear lamina binding proteins. A truncated version of lamin A, commonly known as progerin, causes Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome, a form of premature aging (3).

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Presenilin-2 (PSEN2) is a multi-pass membrane protein and component of the gamma-secretase complex. Defects in PSEN2 are a cause of Alzheimer disease type 4 (AD4), an autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease. (Ref:SWISS-Prot).

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NT3 is a member of the neurotrophin family, that controls survival and differentiation of visceral and proprioceptive sensory neurons. NT3 is closely related to both NGF and BDNF. It may be involved in the maintenance of the adult nervous system, and may affect development of neurons in the embryo when it is expressed in human placenta. NT3-deficient mice generated by gene targeting display sevvere movement defects of the limbs. The mature peptide of this protein is identical in all mammals examined including human, pig, rat and mouse. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted protein. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Brain and peripheral tissues. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NGF-beta family.

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Alpha synuclein is an abundant 140 amino acid neuronal protein, expressed primarily at presynaptic terminals in the central nervous system. Alpha synuclein has been associated with several neurodegenerative diseases. A point mutation in the gene coding for the alpha-synuclein protein was the first discovery linking this protein to a rare familial form of Parkinson's disease (PD). Subsequently, other mutations in the alpha-synuclein gene have been identified in familial PD. The aggregated proteinaceous inclusions called Lewy bodies found in PD and cortical Lewy body dementia (LBD) were discovered to be predominantly alpha-synuclein. Aberrant aggregation of alpha-synuclein has been detected in an increasing number of neurodegenerative diseases, collectively known as synucleopathies. Alpha-synuclein exists physiologically in both soluble and membrane-bound states, in unstructured and alpha-helical conformations, respectively. The physiological function of alpha-synuclein appears to require its translocation between these subcellular compartments and interconversion between the 2 conformations. Abnormal processing of alpha-synuclein is predicted to lead to pathological changes in its binding properties and function.

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Neurofilaments contain three intermediate filament proteins: light (68 kDa), medium (160 kDa) and heavy (200 kDa). Neurofilament heavy (NF200 or NF-H) is phosphorylated and it is thought that this results in the formation of interfilament cross bridges that are important in the maintenance of axonal caliber.

Supplier: Biosensis

FUNCTION: Required for autophagy. SUBUNIT: Conjugated to ATG5. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: 2 named isoforms produced by alternative splicing. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Ubiquitous. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATG12 family.

Supplier: Biosensis

Coronins belong to the WD40 or WD family of proteins. Coronins appear to be particularly involved in binding to actin, actin associated proteins, tubulin and phospholipase C and have been implicated in the mechanisms of chemotaxis and phagocytosis. In mammals there are at least five major coronin proteins, named coronins 1 to 5 in one nomenclature. Another nomenclature divides these five proteins in coronins 1a and 1b, 2a, 2b and 2c (see the Human Genone Organization Gene Nomenclature Committee link for this family). The mammalian coronin family members are abundant components of eukaryotic cells and each type has a restricted cell type specific expression pattern. Coronin 1A is found exclusively in hematopoetic lineage cells such as lymphocytes, macrophages and neutrophils. This antibody is therefore an excellent marker of cells of this lineage and can also be used to study the leading edges particularly of neutrophils. Since the only hematopoetic cells found within the central nervous system are microglia, this antibody is also an excellent marker of this important cell type. Microglia are numerically fairly minor components of the nervous system, but microglial activation is seen in response to a wide variety of damage and disease states, including ALS, Alzheimer's disease and responses to brain tumors. Since coronin 1a is a constitutive component of microglia, the coronin 1a antibody can be used to study both quiescent and activated microglia.

Supplier: Biosensis

ATG10 plays a role in autophagy. It is an E2-like enzyme involved in 2 ubiquitin-like modifications essential for autophagosome formation: ATG12-ATG5 conjugations and modificatioon of a soluble form of MAPLC3 1A, a homolog of yeast ATG8, to a membrane bound form.  It is also able to directly interact either with ATG5 or ATG7.

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Nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR) is also referred to as p75(NTR) due to its molecular mass and its ability to bind at low affinity not only NGF (see 162030), but also other neurotrophins, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF; 113505), neurotrophin-3 (NTF3; 162660), and neurotrophin-4/5 (NTF5; 162662). At the time of its discovery, NGFR was considered a unique type of protein. Subsequently, however, a large superfamily of tumor necrosis factor receptors were found to share the overall structure of NGFR (4 extracellular ligand-binding, cysteine-rich repeats, or CRs, and signaling through association with, or disassociation from, cytoplasmic interactors). The identification of this superfamily helped elucidate some of the biologic functions of NGFR, including its ultimate involvement in the nuclear factor kappa-B (NFKB; see 164011) and apoptosis pathways. As a monomer, NGFR binds NGF with low affinity. Higher affinity binding is achieved by association with higher molecular mass, low-affinity neurotrophin receptors, namely the tropomyosin receptor kinases, TRKA (NTRK1; 191315), TRKB (NTRK2; 600456), and TRKC (NTRK3; 191316). TRKA, TRKB, and TRKC are specific for or 'preferred by' NGF, NTF5 and BDNF, and NTF3, respectively. NTF3 also binds to TRKA and TRKB, but with significantly lower affinity.

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The V5 epitope corresponds to a region from Simian Virus Type 5 (SV5).

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Fox3 is one of a family of mammalian homologues of Fox-1. The Fox proteins are about 46kDa in size, and each includes a central highly conserved RRM type RNA recognition motif. Much interest has focused on Fox3 as a result of the recent finding that this protein corresponds to NeuN, a neuronal nuclear antigen. NeuN/Fox-3 has a function in RNA splicing and is expressed heavily and specifically in neuronal nuclei and cytoplasm. Our antibody was raised against the N-terminal 100 amino acids of human Fox3 as expressed in and purified from E. coli. We did not use full length Fox3 as immunogen since the three mammalian Fox homologues, namely Fox1, Fox2 and Fox3, include virtually identical RRM motifs. The N-terminal region of the three molecules are much more variable in the three molecules so antibodies specific for each of the three molecules can therefore be generated.

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The Biosensis ApoE/Aβ Complex ELISA kit is a sandwich ELISA that allows the preferential measurement of ApoE/Aβ complexes. This kit consists of a pre-coated mouse monoclonal anti-Aβ capture antibody, a highly validated ApoE/Aβ complex standard that is pre-formed, lyophilised and ready for reconstitution, a biotinylated ApoE detection antibody, and horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated streptavidin and detection reagent. The addition of a substrate (3,3’,5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine, TMB) yields a coloured reaction product which is directly proportional to the level of ApoE/Aβ complex present in samples and protein standards. Importantly, a well-characteriaed and unique ApoE/Aβ complex is included as a standard. This complex is pre-formed and lyophilised, requiring only reconstitution with assay diluent prior to use.

Supplier: Biosensis

The Biosensis Mature BDNF/proBDNF Combo RapidTM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Kit combines individual, but complementary ELISA kits for the two most important BDNF isoforms: Mature BDNF (BSENBEK-2211) and full-length proBDNF (BSENBEK-2217).

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The Biosensis proNGF Rapid™ enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit is a sandwich ELISA that allows the quantification of full-length proNGF protein in less than 4 hours in human serum, heparin-plasma, cell supernatants and lysates only if used as directed.

Supplier: Biosensis

The Biosensis Mature BDNF Rapid™ enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit is a sandwich ELISA that allows the quantification of BDNF in less than 3 hours in cell culture supernatants, serum, plasma (citrate and EDTA), cell lysates, human milk and brain extracts only if used as directed, with a simplified protocol and no loss of sensitivity or specificity.

Supplier: Biosensis

The Biosensis proBDNF Rapid™ enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit is a sandwich ELISA that allows the specific, fast and reliable quantification of proBDNF in less than 4 hours in cell culture supernatants, cell lysates, serum, citrate-plasma and tissue extracts only if used as directed.

Supplier: Biosensis

GAP43 is very abundant protein which is found concentrated in neurons. One group discovered it as one of three proteins which becomes unregulated during the regeneration of the toad optic nerve (1). Three GAPs (Growth associated proteins) were discovered, and the number 43 comes from the apparent SDS-PAGE molecular weight of the one named GAP43. The HGNC name for this protein is, not surprisingly, GAP43. Later work showed that GAP43 does not run on SDS-PAGE in a fashion which accurately reflects its molecular weight, and that GAP43 proteins from different species may run at different apparent molecular weights. Partly due to these features GAP43 were independently discovered by several different groups and therefore has several alternate names, such as protein F1, pp46, neuromodulin, neural phosphoprotein B-50 and calmodulin-binding protein P-57. In each case the number reflects the apparent SDS-PAGE molecular weight, and underlines the unusual properties of this molecule. Mammalian GAP43 proteins contains only 226-243 amino acids, and so the real molecular weight is 23.61-25.14 kDa. GAP43 has been extensively studied and is known to be a major protein kinase C substrate and to bind calmodulin avidly. GAP43 is anchored to the plasma membrane by palmitoylation modifications.

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Ubiquitinous metalloproteinase that is involved in diverse functions such as remodeling of the vasculature, angiogenesis, tissue repair, tumor invasion, inflammation, and atherosclerotic plaque rupture. As well as degrading extracellular matrix proteins, can also act on several nonmatrix proteins such as big endothelial 1 and beta-type CGRP promoting vasoconstriction. Also cleaves KISS at a Gly-|-Leu bond. Appears to have a role in myocardial cell death pathways. Contributes to myocardial oxidative stress by regulating the activity of GSK3beta. Cleaves GSK3beta in vitro. Involved in the formation of the fibrovascular tissues in association with MMP14. PEX, the C-terminal non-catalytic fragment of MMP2, posseses anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor properties and inhibits cell migration and cell adhesion to FGF2 and vitronectin. Ligand for integrinv/beta3 on the surface of blood vessels. MMP2 isoform 2 mediates the proteolysis of CHUK/IKKA and initiates a primary innate immune response by inducing mitochondrial-nuclear stress signaling with activation of the pro-inflammatory NF-kappaB, NFAT and IRF transcriptional pathways. Catalytic activity of MMP2 causes cleavage of gelatin type I and collagen types IV, V, VII, X. Cleaves the collagen-like sequence Pro-Gln-Gly-|-Ile-Ala-Gly-Gln. (Ref: uniprot.org).

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Anti-TrkB (phospho Y816/Y817) Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody

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Anti-LMNA Mouse T4 Antibody [clone: 4C4]