Supplier: Bioss

Putative adhesion molecule of myelomonocytic-derived cells that mediates sialic-acid dependent binding to cells. Preferentially binds to alpha-2,6-linked sialic acid. The sialic acid recognition site may be masked by cis interactions with sialic acids on the same cell surface. In the immune response, may act as an inhibitory receptor upon ligand induced tyrosine phosphorylation by recruiting cytoplasmic phosphatase(s) via their SH2 domain(s) that block signal transduction through dephosphorylation of signaling molecules. Induces apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia (in vitro).

Supplier: TCI

(1S,6S)-2,8-Diazabicyclo[4.3.0]nonane ≥98.0% (by GC)

Supplier: Bioss

The bromodomain-containing proteins include BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT. BRD2 (RING3 protein) is a mitogen-activated nuclear protein whose gene is located in the human MHC II region, suggesting its relation to HLA-associated diseases. The gene encoding BRD3 (RING3-like protein) contains two bromodomains and maps to chromosome 9q34. BRD4 (HUNK1 protein) is a nuclear protein involved in the regulation of chromosomal dynamics during mitosis. The testis-specific bromodomain protein BRDT contains a PEST sequence, indicating that it undergoes rapid intracellular degradation. The bromodomain-containing proteins are ubiquitously expressed.

Supplier: Bioss

BRCC45 was initially suggested to be a housekeeping protein that is highly expressed in brain and reproductive organs. Later experiments indicated BRCC45 forms a complex with the breast and ovarian predisposition proteins BRCA1 and BRCA2 as well as RAD51 and BRCC36. This complex has a ubiquitin E3 ligase activity and is thought to enhance cellular survival following DNA damage. BRCC45 has also been suggested to function as a death receptor associated anti apoptotic protein by inhibiting the BID induced activation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Higher levels of BRCC45 were detected in the majority of hepatocellular carcinomas, suggesting that BRCC45 may promote tumorigenesis when overexpressed. At least three isoforms of BRCC45 are known to exist.

Supplier: Bioss

Part of the receptor for interleukin 6. Binds to IL6 with low affinity, but does not transduce a signal. Signal activation necessitate an association with IL6ST. Activation may lead to the regulation of the immune response, acute-phase reactions and hematopoiesis.

Supplier: Bioss

Factor VIII, along with calcium and phospholipid, acts as a cofactor for factor IXa when it converts factor X to the activated form, factor Xa.

Supplier: Bioss

Binds the telomeric double-stranded 5'-TTAGGG-3' repeat and plays a central role in telomere maintenance and protection against end-to-end fusion of chromosomes. In addition to its telomeric DNA-binding role, required to recruit a number of factors and enzymes required for telomere protection, including the shelterin complex, TERF2IP/RAP1 and DCLRE1B/Apollo. Component of the shelterin complex (telosome) that is involved in the regulation of telomere length and protection. Shelterin associates with arrays of double-stranded 5'-TTAGGG-3' repeats added by telomerase and protects chromosome ends; without its protective activity, telomeres are no longer hidden from the DNA damage surveillance and chromosome ends are inappropriately processed by DNA repair pathways. Together with DCLRE1B/Apollo, plays a key role in telomeric loop (T loop) formation by generating 3' single-stranded overhang at the leading end telomeres: T loops have been proposed to protect chromosome ends from degradation and repair. Required both to recruit DCLRE1B/Apollo to telomeres and activate the exonuclease activity of DCLRE1B/Apollo. Preferentially binds to positive supercoiled DNA. Together with DCLRE1B/Apollo, required to control the amount of DNA topoisomerase (TOP1, TOP2A and TOP2B) needed for telomere replication during fork passage and prevent aberrant telomere topology. Recruits TERF2IP/RAP1 to telomeres, thereby participating in to repressing homology-directed repair (HDR), which can affect telomere length.

Supplier: Bioss

The synucleins, including Alpha-synuclein (also designated NACP for nonamyloid component precursor),Beta-synuclein (also designated PNP 14 for neuroprotein 14)and Gamma-synuclein (also designated persyn or BCSG1 for breast cancer-specific gene 1)are presynaptic protein abundant in neurons. Alpha-synuclein, a component of Alzheimer’s disease amyloid plaques, is localized to neuronal cell bodies and synapses. Coordinate expression of Alpha-synucleinand Beta-synuclein may be important during hematopoetic cell differentiation. In patients with Parkinson’s disease, a mutant form of Alpha-synuclein has been found and Gamma-synuclein is associated with axonal pathology.

Supplier: Bioss

The protein encoded by this gene is a serine-threonine kinase, belonging to the glycogen synthase kinase subfamily. It is involved in energy metabolism, neuronal cell development, and body pattern formation. Polymorphisms in this gene have been implicated in modifying risk of Parkinson disease, and studies in mice show that overexpression of this gene may be relevant to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.[provided by RefSeq, Sep 2009]

Supplier: Bioss

G protein-coupled receptors (GPRs), also known as seven transmembrane receptors, heptahelical receptors or 7TM receptors, comprise a superfamily of proteins that play a role in many different stimulus-response pathways. G protein coupled receptors translate extracellular signals into intracellular signals (G protein activation) and they respond to a variety of signaling molecules, such as hormones and neurotransmitters. GPR146 (G protein-coupled receptor 146), also known as PGR8, is a 333 amino acid multi-pass transmembrane protein that belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Characterized as an orphan receptor for which its endogenous ligand has yet to be identified, GPR146 is thought to play a role in signaling events throughout the cell.

Supplier: Bioss

Receptor for interleukin-33 (IL-33), its stimulation recruits MYD88, IRAK1, IRAK4, and TRAF6, followed by phosphorylation of MAPK3/ERK1 and/or MAPK1/ERK2, MAPK14, and MAPK8. Possibly involved in helper T-cell function.

Supplier: Bioss

May have a regulatory role in the membrane interactions during trafficking of synaptic vesicles at the active zone of the synapse. It binds acidic phospholipids with a specificity that requires the presence of both an acidic head group and a diacyl backbone. A Ca(2+)-dependent interaction between synaptotagmin and putative receptors for activated protein kinase C has also been reported. It can bind to at least three additional proteins in a Ca(2+)-independent manner; these are neurexins, syntaxin and AP2.

Supplier: Bioss

Effector of integrin and growth factor signaling, coupling surface receptors to downstream signaling molecules involved in the regulation of cell survival, cell proliferation and cell differentiation. Focal adhesion protein part of the complex ILK-PINCH. This complex is considered to be one of the convergence points of integrin- and growth factor-signaling pathway.

Supplier: Bioss

EGF stimulates the growth of various epidermal and epithelial tissues in vivo and in vitro and of some fibroblasts in cell culture. Magnesiotropic hormone that stimulates magnesium reabsorption in the renal distal convoluted tubule via engagement of EGFR and activation of the magnesium channel TRPM6 (By similarity).

Supplier: Bioss

Transcriptional regulator. Critical factor essential for ovary differentiation and maintenance, and repression of the genetic program for somatic testis determination. Prevents trans-differentiation of ovary to testis throught transcriptional repression of the Sertoli cell-promoting gene SOX9 (By similarity). Has apoptotic activity in ovarian cells. Suppresses ESR1-mediated transcription of PTGS2/COX2 stimulated by tamoxifen (By similarity). Is a regulator of CYP19 expression (By similarity). Participates in SMAD3-dependent transcription of FST via the intronic SMAD-binding element (By similarity). Is a transcriptional repressor of STAR. Activates SIRT1 transcription under cellular stress conditions. Activates transcription of OSR2.

Supplier: Bioss

In association with DPP4 is involved in the pericellular proteolysis of the extracellular matrix (ECM), the migration and invasion of endothelial cells into the ECM. May have a role in tissue remodeling during development and wound healing, and may contribute to invasiveness in malignant cancers.

Supplier: Bioss

Type IV collagen is the major structural component of glomerular basement membranes (GBM), forming a 'chicken-wire' meshwork together with laminins, proteoglycans and entactin/nidogen. Arresten, comprising the C-terminal NC1 domain, inhibits angiogenesis and tumor formation. The C-terminal half is found to possess the anti-angiogenic activity. Specifically inhibits endothelial cell proliferation, migration and tube formation. Inhibits expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha and ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK activation. Ligand for alpha1/beta1 integrin (By similarity).

Supplier: Bioss

PTK9 is an actin-binding protein involved in motile and morphological processes. It inhibits actin polymerization, likely by sequestering G-actin. By capping the barbed ends of filaments, it also regulates motility. PTK9 seems to play an important role in clathrin-mediated endocytosis and distribution of endocytic organelles.

Supplier: Bioss

Orphan receptor. Displays a significant level of constitutive activity. Its effect is mediated by G(s)-alpha protein that stimulate adenylate cyclase, resulting in an elevation of intracellular cAMP.

Supplier: Bioss

Has E3 ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Regulates the levels of CASP8 and CASP10 by targeting them for proteasomal degradation. Has anti-apoptotic activity. May bind phosphatidylinositol phosphates.

Supplier: Bioss

Neurotrophic protein; induces extensive neuronal differentiation in retinoblastoma cells. Potent inhibitor of angiogenesis. As it does not undergo the S (stressed) to R (relaxed) conformational transition characteristic of active serpins, it exhibits no serine protease inhibitory activity.

Supplier: Bioss

Participates in Wnt signaling by binding to the cytoplasmic C-terminus of frizzled family members and transducing the Wnt signal to down-stream effectors. Plays a role both in canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling. Plays a role in the signal transduction pathways mediated by multiple Wnt genes. Required for LEF1 activation upon WNT1 and WNT3A signaling. DVL1 and PAK1 form a ternary complex with MUSK which is important for MUSK-dependent regulation of AChR clustering during the formation of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ).

Supplier: Bioss

This gene is a member of a gene family that encodes enzymes involved in both the metabolism of glutathione and in the transpeptidation of amino acids. Changes in the activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase may signal preneoplastic or toxic conditions in the liver or kidney. The protein encoded by this gene consists of a heavy and a light chain, and it can interact with CT120, a plasma membrane-associated protein that is possibly involved in lung carcinogenesis. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].

Supplier: Bioss

Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors. May play an important role in the development and differentiation of certain forebrain structures, notably the hippocampus.

Supplier: Bioss

Has both helicasee and E3 ubiquitin ligase activities. Possesses intrinsic ATP-dependent nucleosome-remodeling activity; This activity may be required for transcriptional activation or repression of specific target promoters (By similarity). These may include the SERPINE1 and HIV-1 promoters and the SV40 enhancer, to which this protein can bind directly. Plays a role in error-free postreplication repair (PRR) of damaged DNA and maintains genomic stability through acting as a ubiquitin ligase for 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination of chromatin-bound PCNA.

Supplier: Bioss

VWCE

Supplier: Bioss

In mammalian cells, translation is controlled at the level of polypeptide chain initiation by initiation factors. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1 (eIF1) is crucial for the scanning process in vitro. During the scanning process, eIF1 is a component of a complex involved in recognition of the initiator codon. Translation is also initiated by the role of eIF1 in regulating the activity of ribosomal subunits 43S, 48S and 40S. eIF1 enables 43S ribosomal complexes to discern between cognate and near-cognate initiation codons, sensing the nucleotide content of initiation codons. It is also a promotor, along with eukar-yotic translation initiation factor 1A (eIF1A), for assembly of 48S ribosomal complexes at the initiation codon of a conventional capped mRNA. In addition, eIF1 and eIF1A, together with eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5 (eIF5), function in the formation of stable 40S ribosomal preinitiation complexes.

Supplier: Bioss

The caspase family of cysteine proteases play a key role in apoptosis. Caspase 3 is the most extensively studied apoptotic protein among caspase family members. Caspase 3 is synthesized as inactive pro enzyme that is processed in cells undergoing apoptosis by self proteolysis and/or cleavage by other upstream proteases (e.g. Caspases 8, 9 and 10). The processed form of Caspase 3 consists of large (17kDa) and small (12kDa) subunits which associate to form an active enzyme. Caspase 3 is cleaved at Asp28 Ser29 and Asp175 Ser176. The active Caspase 3 proteolytically cleaves and activates other caspases (e.g. Caspases 6, 7 and 9), as well as relevant targets in the cells (e.g. PARP and DFF). Alternative splicing of this gene results in two transcript variants which encode the same protein. In immunohistochemical studies Caspase 3 expression has been shown to be widespread but not present in all cell types (e.g. commonly reported in epithelial cells of skin, renal proximal tubules and collecting ducts). Differences in the level of Caspase 3 have been reported in cells of short lived nature (eg germinal centre B cells) and those that are long lived (eg mantle zone B cells). Caspase 3 is the predominant caspase involved in the cleavage of amyloid beta 4A precursor protein, which is associated with neuronal death in Alzheimer's disease.

Supplier: Bioss

Component of the exocyst complex involved in the docking of exocytic vesicles with fusion sites on the plasma membrane.

Supplier: Bioss

Involved in transport from the ER to the Golgi apparatus as well as in intra-Golgi transport. It belongs to a super-family of proteins called t-SNAREs or soluble NSF (N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor) attachment protein receptor. May play a protective role against hydrogen peroxide induced cytotoxicity under glutathione depleted conditions in neuronal cells by regulating the intracellular ROS levels via inhibition of p38 MAPK (MAPK11, MAPK12, MAPK13 and MAPK14). Participates in docking and fusion stage of ER to cis-Golgi transport. Plays an important physiological role in VLDL-transport vesicle-Golgi fusion and thus in VLDL delivery to the hepatic cis-Golgi.