19545 Results for: "Sodium+carbonate+decahydrate"

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RAMP3 is a member of the RAMP family of single-transmembrane-domain proteins, called receptor-activity-modifying proteins. RAMPs are type I transmembrane proteins with an extracellular N terminus and a cytoplasmic C terminus. RAMPs are required to transport calcitonin-receptor-like receptor (CRLR) to the plasma membrane. CRLR, a receptor with seven transmembrane domains, can function as either a calcitonin-gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor or an adrenomedullin receptor, depending on which members of the RAMP family are expressed. Co-expression of RAMP3 with CRLR results in the production of a functional adrenomedullin receptor.

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Responds to activation by environmental stress, pro-inflammatory cytokines and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by phosphorylating a number of transcription factors, such as ELK1 and ATF2 and several downstream kinases, such as MAPKAPK2 and MAPKAPK5. Plays a critical role in the production of some cytokines, for example IL-6. May play a role in stabilization of EPO mRNA during hypoxic stress. Isoform Mxi2 activation is stimulated by mitogens and oxidative stress and only poorly phosphorylates ELK1 and ATF2. Isoform Exip may play a role in the early onset of apoptosis.

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Functions in the early steps of protein synthesis by forming a ternary complex with GTP and initiator tRNA. This complex binds to a 40S ribosomal subunit, followed by mRNA binding to form a 43S preinitiation complex. Junction of the 60S ribosomal subunit to form the 80S initiation complex is preceded by hydrolysis of the GTP bound to eIF-2 and release of an eIF-2-GDP binary complex. In order for eIF-2 to recycle and catalyze another round of initiation, the GDP bound to eIF-2 must exchange with GTP by way of a reaction catalyzed by eIF-2B.

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Transcription activator that binds DNA cooperatively with dp proteins through the E2 recognition site, 5'-TTTC[CG]CGC-3' found in the promoter region of a number of genes whose products are involved in cell cycle regulation or in DNA replication. The DRTF1/E2F complex functions in the control of cell-cycle progression from G1 to S phase. E2F-1 binds preferentially RB1 protein, in a cell-cycle dependent manner. It can mediate both cell proliferation and p53-dependent apoptosis.

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Glutamate receptors are the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter receptors in the mammalian brain and are activated in a variety of normal neurophysiologic processes. These receptors are heteromeric protein complexes with multiple subunits, each possessing transmembrane regions, and all arranged to form a ligand-gated ion channel. The classification of glutamate receptors is based on their activation by different pharmacologic agonists. This gene belongs to a family of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA) receptors. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

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MEK3 belongs to MAPKK family. This kinase is activated by mitogenic and environmental stress, and participates in the MAPK-mediated signaling cascade. It phosphorylates and thus activates p38. This kinase can be activated by insulin, and is necessary for the expression of glucose transporter. Expression of Ras oncogene is found to result in the accumulation of the active form of this kinase, which thus leads to the constitutive activation of p38, and confers oncogenic transformation of primary cells. The inhibition of this kinase is involved in the pathogenesis of Yersina pseudotuberculosis.

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Glutamate receptors are the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter receptors in the mammalian brain and are activated in a variety of normal neurophysiologic processes. These receptors are heteromeric protein complexes with multiple subunits, each possessing transmembrane regions, and all arranged to form a ligand-gated ion channel. The classification of glutamate receptors is based on their activation by different pharmacologic agonists. This gene belongs to a family of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA) receptors. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

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Receptor for hyaluronic acid (HA). Mediates cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions through its affinity for HA, and possibly also through its affinity for other ligands such as osteopontin, collagens, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Adhesion with HA plays an important role in cell migration, tumor growth and progression. Also involved in lymphocyte activation, recirculation and homing, and in hematopoiesis. Altered expression or dysfunction causes numerous pathogenic phenotypes. Great protein heterogeneity due to numerous alternative splicing and post-translational modification events.

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APO-E Antibody: Chylomicron remnants and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) remnants are rapidly removed from the circulation by receptor-mediated endocytosis in the liver. Apolipoprotein E (APO-E), a main apoprotein of the chylomicron, binds to a specific receptor on liver cells and peripheral cells and is essential for the normal catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein constituents. Defects in APO-E result in familial dysbetalipoproteinemia, or type III hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP III), in which increased plasma cholesterol and triglycerides are the consequence of impaired clearance of chylomicron and VLDL remnants.

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DOPA decarboxylase (DDC) belongs to the group II decarboxylase family of proteins. It is an important protein in the catecholamine biosynthesis pathway. DDC catalyzes the second reaction in the biosynthesis of catecholamines, trace amines and serotonin (1,2). It can form a homodimer and is expressed in the central nervous system. DDC can be used as markers for dopaminergic, noradrenergic and serotonergic neurons in a variety of applications including depression, schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, neuroendocrine tumors and drug abuse. Defects in DDC gene may cause the autosomal recessive disorder AADC deficiency.

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AGR2 Antibody: AGR2 (anterior gradient protein 2) and AGR3 are members of the anterior gradient homolog family. They are secreted cytoplasmic proteins which are involved in metastasis induction and p53 tumour supressor inhibition. They may serve as molecular markers and potential therapeutic targets for hormone-responsive breast tumours. AGR2 is ubiquitously expressed with upregulated expression in prostate cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, renal carcinomas and endometrial carcinomas. AGR2 expression is positively correlated with that of the estrogen receptor (ER) and is negatively correlated with that of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR).

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RC3H1 Antibody: The ring finger protein RC3H1, also known as Roquin, is a highly conserved member of the RING type ubiquitin ligase protein family whose M199R mutation leads to the excessive production of follicular helper T cells and germinal centers in the sanroque strain of mice, a strain with excessive IL-21 production and high titers of autoantibodies. The complete loss of RC3H1 induces early death and immune deregulation but not autoimmunity in RC3H1-null mice, suggesting that the mutant RC3H1 is more disruptive to the immune system than its complete loss.

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TREM1 Antibody: TREM1 (triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1) is a receptor belonging to the Ig superfamily that amplifies neutrophil and monocyte-mediated inflammatory responses triggered by bacterial and fungal infections by stimulating release of pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines, as well as increased surface expression of cell activation markers. It is thought that TREM1 other related TREM proteins such as TREM2 act to modulate the inflammatory response. TREM1 has also been linked to inflammatory bowel disease resulting in enhanced production of TNF, IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1.

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BMP15 Antibody: BMP15, or GDF9B is a member of the bone morphogenetic protein family which is part of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily that are involved in embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis. BMP15 is expressed exclusively in the oocyte. It is an oocyte-specific growth/differentiation factor that may be involved in oocyte maturation and follicular development. Defects in BMP15 are the cause of ovarian dysgenesis type 2. BMP15 could be used as an oogenesis marker to track human amniotic fluid stem cells differentiation into the oocyte-like cells.

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Promotes microtubule assembly and stability, and might be involved in the establishment and maintenance of neuronal polarity. The C-terminus binds axonal microtubules while the N-terminus binds neural plasma membrane components, suggesting that tau functions as a linker protein between both. Axonal polarity is predetermined by tau localization (in the neuronal cell) in the domain of the cell body defined by the centrosome. The short isoforms allow plasticity of the cytoskeleton whereas the longer isoforms may preferentially play a role in its stabilization.

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GRINA Antibody: The transmembrane BAX inhibitor motif (TMBIM) family of proteins includes the founder member TMBIM6/BI-1, TMBIM1/RECS1 (responsive to centrifugal force and shear stress gene 1 protein), TMBIM2/LFG (life guard), TMBIM3/GRINA (glutamate receptor ionotropic NMDA protein 1), TMBIM4/GAAP (Golgi anti-apoptotic-associated protein), and TMBIM5/GHTIM (growth hormone-inducible transmembrane protein). They are highly conserved in mammals and zebrafish and contain a conserved BAX inhibitor-1 motif. GRINA is expressed in the brain and is a potential apoptotic regulator.

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LPIN1 Antibody: LPIN1, also known as PAP1, is a magnesium-ion-dependent phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolase enzyme that catalyzes the penultimate step in triglyceride synthesis including the dephosphorylation of phosphatidic acid to yield diacylglycerol . LPIN1 is required for adipocyte differentiation and it also functions as a nuclear transcriptional coactivator with some peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors to modulate expression of other genes involved in lipid metabolism (1,2). Mutations in LPIN1 are associated with metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and recurrent acute myoglobinuria (3,4) and it is also a candidate for several human lipodystrophy syndromes.

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Promotes microtubule assembly and stability, and might be involved in the establishment and maintenance of neuronal polarity. The C-terminus binds axonal microtubules while the N-terminus binds neural plasma membrane components, suggesting that tau functions as a linker protein between both. Axonal polarity is predetermined by tau localization (in the neuronal cell) in the domain of the cell body defined by the centrosome. The short isoforms allow plasticity of the cytoskeleton whereas the longer isoforms may preferentially play a role in its stabilization.

Supplier: ProSci Inc.

Responds to activation by environmental stress, pro-inflammatory cytokines and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by phosphorylating a number of transcription factors, such as ELK1 and ATF2 and several downstream kinases, such as MAPKAPK2 and MAPKAPK5. Plays a critical role in the production of some cytokines, for example IL-6. May play a role in stabilization of EPO mRNA during hypoxic stress. Isoform Mxi2 activation is stimulated by mitogens and oxidative stress and only poorly phosphorylates ELK1 and ATF2. Isoform Exip may play a role in the early onset of apoptosis.

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Promotes microtubule assembly and stability, and might be involved in the establishment and maintenance of neuronal polarity. The C-terminus binds axonal microtubules while the N-terminus binds neural plasma membrane components, suggesting that tau functions as a linker protein between both. Axonal polarity is predetermined by tau localization (in the neuronal cell) in the domain of the cell body defined by the centrosome. The short isoforms allow plasticity of the cytoskeleton whereas the longer isoforms may preferentially play a role in its stabilization.

Supplier: ProSci Inc.

Promotes microtubule assembly and stability, and might be involved in the establishment and maintenance of neuronal polarity. The C-terminus binds axonal microtubules while the N-terminus binds neural plasma membrane components, suggesting that tau functions as a linker protein between both. Axonal polarity is predetermined by tau localization (in the neuronal cell) in the domain of the cell body defined by the centrosome. The short isoforms allow plasticity of the cytoskeleton whereas the longer isoforms may preferentially play a role in its stabilization.

Supplier: ProSci Inc.

Promotes microtubule assembly and stability, and might be involved in the establishment and maintenance of neuronal polarity. The C-terminus binds axonal microtubules while the N-terminus binds neural plasma membrane components, suggesting that tau functions as a linker protein between both. Axonal polarity is predetermined by tau localization (in the neuronal cell) in the domain of the cell body defined by the centrosome. The short isoforms allow plasticity of the cytoskeleton whereas the longer isoforms may preferentially play a role in its stabilization.

Supplier: ProSci Inc.

Ephrin-B2 encodes a member of the ephrin (EPH) family. The ephrins and EPH-related receptors comprise the largest subfamily of receptor protein-tyrosine kinases and have been implicated in mediating developmental events, especially in the nervous system and in erythropoiesis. Based on their structures and sequence relationships, ephrins are divided into the ephrin-A (EFNA) class, which are anchored to the membrane by a lycosylphosphatidylinositol linkage, and the ephrin-B (EFNB) class, which are transmembrane proteins. This gene encodes an EFNB class ephrin which binds to the EPHB4 and EPHA3 receptors.

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Ephrin-B2 encodes a member of the ephrin (EPH) family. The ephrins and EPH-related receptors comprise the largest subfamily of receptor protein-tyrosine kinases and have been implicated in mediating developmental events, especially in the nervous system and in erythropoiesis. Based on their structures and sequence relationships, ephrins are divided into the ephrin-A (EFNA) class, which are anchored to the membrane by a lycosylphosphatidylinositol linkage, and the ephrin-B (EFNB) class, which are transmembrane proteins. This gene encodes an EFNB class ephrin which binds to the EPHB4 and EPHA3 receptors.

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Tug (Tether containing UBX domain for GLUT4), also known as ASPL, ASPSCR1, RCC17, UBXD9, UBXN9, was first identified as a chromosomal translocation partner for TFE3 in patients with Alveolar soft part sarcoma and contains an UBX-like domain in its C-terminal region. Tug is found to tether GLUT4 in intracellular vesicles and to release GLUT4 for cell surface translocation upon insulin stimulation. Stable Tug depletion or expression of a dominant negative form stimulates GLUT4 redistribution.

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Transcriptional repressor which binds neuron-restrictive silencer element (NRSE) and represses neuronal gene transcription in non-neuronal cells. Restricts the expression of neuronal genes by associating with two distinct corepressors, mSin3 and CoREST, which in turn recruit histone deacetylase to the promoters of REST-regulated genes. Mediates repression by recruiting the BHC complex at RE1/NRSE sites which acts by deacetylating and demethylating specific sites on histones, thereby acting as a chromatin modifier.

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LIM containing lipoma preferred partner, it belongs to the zyxin family. The Zyxin family of proteins contains five members, Ajuba, LIMD1, LPP, TRIP6 and Zyxin. LPP, an 80 kDa protein and a LIM domain-containing scaffolding protein contains three LIM domains at its carboxy terminus, which are preceded by a proline-rich pre-LIM region containing a number of protein interaction domains. The LPP localizes to sites of cell adhesion, such as focal adhesions and cell-cell contacts, and shuttles to the nucleus where it has transcriptional activation capacity.

Supplier: Thermo Fisher Scientific

Thermo Scientific Pierce Sulfo-SANPAH is a hetero-bifunctional crosslinker that contains an amine-reactive N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) ester and a photoactivatable nitrophenyl azide.

Supplier: MP Biomedicals

(S)-(+)-Camptothecin binds irreversibly to the DNA-topoisomerase I complex, inhibiting the reassociation of DNA after cleavage by topoisomerase I and traps the enzyme in a covalent linkage with DNA.

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ULK1 Antibody: ULK1, also known as ATG1, is a key serine/threonine protein kinase probably acting at the most upstream step of autophagosome formation. Knockout of ULK1 results in a severe defect in the autophagy pathway. ULK1 is highly conserved among eukaryotes, and are the Unc-51-like kinases, ULK1 and ULK2 in mammals. ULK1 is ubiquitously expressed and involved in autophagy in response to starvation. It is the target of the TOR kinase signaling pathway that regulates autophagy through the control of phosphorylation status of ATG13. ULK1 also plays a role early in neuronal differentiation.