192265 Results for: "Magnesium+chloride+hexahydrate&pageNo=50&view=list"

Supplier: Bioss

ATF2 is a member of the ATF/CREB family of basic region leucine zipper DNA binding proteins that regulates transcription by binding to a consensus cAMP response element (CRE) in the promoter of various viral and cellular genes. Many of these genes are important in cell growth and differentiation, and in stress and immune responses. ATF2 is a nuclear protein that binds DNA as a dimer and can form dimers with members of the ATF/CREB and Jun/Fos families. It is a stronger activator as a heterodimer with cJun than as a homodimer. Several isoforms of ATF2 arise by differential splicing. The stable native full length ATF2 is transcriptionally inactive as a result of an inhibitory direct intramolecular interaction of its carboxy terminal DNA binding domain with the amino terminal transactivation domain. Following dimerization ATF2 becomes a short lived protein that undergoes ubiquitination and proteolysis, seemingly in a protein phosphatase-dependent mechanism. Stimulation of the transcriptional activity of ATF2 occurs following cellular stress induced by several genotoxic agents, inflammatory cytokines, and UV irradiation. This activation requires phosphorylation of two threonine residues in ATF2 by both JNK/SAP kinase and p38 MAP kinase. ATF2 is abundantly expressed in brain.

Supplier: Bioss

RNA-binding protein implicated in numerous RNA metabolic processes. Catalyzes the phosphorolysis of single-stranded polyribonucleotides processively in the 3'-to-5' direction. Mitochondrial intermembrane factor with RNA-processing exoribonulease activity. Component of the mitochondrial degradosome (mtEXO) complex, that degrades 3' overhang double-stranded RNA with a 3'-to-5' directionality in an ATP-dependent manner. Required for correct processing and polyadenylation of mitochondrial mRNAs. Plays a role as a cytoplasmic RNA import factor that mediates the translocation of small RNA components, like the 5S RNA, the RNA subunit of ribonuclease P and the mitochondrial RNA-processing (MRP) RNA, into the mitochondrial matrix. Plays a role in mitochondrial morphogenesis and respiration; regulates the expression of the electron transport chain (ETC) components at the mRNA and protein levels. In the cytoplasm, shows a 3'-to-5' exoribonuclease mediating mRNA degradation activity; degrades c-myc mRNA upon treatment with IFNB1/IFN-beta, resulting in a growth arrest in melanoma cells. Regulates the stability of specific mature miRNAs in melanoma cells; specifically and selectively degrades miR-221, preferentially. Plays also a role in RNA cell surveillance by cleaning up oxidized RNAs. Binds to the RNA subunit of ribonuclease P, MRP RNA and miR-221 microRNA.

Supplier: Bioss

ATF2 is a member of the ATF/CREB family of basic region leucine zipper DNA binding proteins that regulates transcription by binding to a consensus cAMP response element (CRE) in the promoter of various viral and cellular genes. Many of these genes are important in cell growth and differentiation, and in stress and immune responses. ATF2 is a nuclear protein that binds DNA as a dimer and can form dimers with members of the ATF/CREB and Jun/Fos families. It is a stronger activator as a heterodimer with cJun than as a homodimer. Several isoforms of ATF2 arise by differential splicing. The stable native full length ATF2 is transcriptionally inactive as a result of an inhibitory direct intramolecular interaction of its carboxy terminal DNA binding domain with the amino terminal transactivation domain. Following dimerization ATF2 becomes a short lived protein that undergoes ubiquitination and proteolysis, seemingly in a protein phosphatase-dependent mechanism. Stimulation of the transcriptional activity of ATF2 occurs following cellular stress induced by several genotoxic agents, inflammatory cytokines, and UV irradiation. This activation requires phosphorylation of two threonine residues in ATF2 by both JNK/SAP kinase and p38 MAP kinase. ATF2 is abundantly expressed in brain.

Supplier: Bioss

Nuclear corepressor for KRAB domain-containing zinc finger proteins (KRAB-ZFPs). Mediates gene silencing by recruiting CHD3, a subunit of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylation (NuRD) complex, and SETDB1 (which specifically methylates histone H3 at 'Lys-9' (H3K9me)) to the promoter regions of KRAB target genes. Enhances transcriptional repression by coordinating the increase in H3K9me, the decrease in histone H3 'Lys-9 and 'Lys-14' acetylation (H3K9ac and H3K14ac, respectively) and the disposition of HP1 proteins to silence gene expression. Recruitment of SETDB1 induces heterochromatinization. May play a role as a coactivator for CEBPB and NR3C1 in the transcriptional activation of ORM1. Also corepressor for ERBB4. Inhibits E2F1 activity by stimulating E2F1-HDAC1 complex formation and inhibiting E2F1 acetylation. May serve as a partial backup to prevent E2F1-mediated apoptosis in the absence of RB1. Important regulator of CDKN1A/p21(CIP1). Has E3 SUMO-protein ligase activity toward itself via its PHD-type zinc finger. Also specifically sumoylates IRF7, thereby inhibiting its transactivation activity. Ubiquitinates p53/TP53 leading to its proteosomal degradation; the function is enhanced by MAGEC2 and MAGEA2, and possibly MAGEA3 and MAGEA6. Mediates the nuclear localization of KOX1, ZNF268 and ZNF300 transcription factors.

Supplier: Bioss

Guanylate cyclases belong to the adenylyl cyclase class-4/guanylyl cyclase family. There are two forms of guanylate cyclase. The soluble form, known as GCS or sGC, act as receptors for nitric oxide (NO). The membrane-bound receptor form, known as GC, are peptide hormone receptors. GCS is a cGMP-synthesizing enzyme, which is the major receptor for the neurotransmitter nitric oxide. It plays a crucial role in smooth muscle contractility, platelet reactivity and neurotransmission. GCS is a heme-containing heterodimer, consisting of one alpha subunit and one beta subunit. The heme moeity mediates NO activation, and this heme group also binds carbon monoxide (CO), which weakly stimulates the enzyme. Both NO and CO stimulation are enhanced by the allosteric activator 3-(5'-hydroxymethyl-2'furyl)-benzyl-indazole, YC-1. YC-1 can also stimulate GCS in a NO-independent manner. Both alpha and beta subunits are required for cGMP generation, and at least two isoforms exist for each subunit. Heterodimers consisting of alpha-1/beta-1 and alpha-2/beta-1 have been identified, and both display similar enzymatic activity. The distribution of the beta-2 subunit seems to be much more restricted than the beta-1 subunit, with predominant expression in kidney and liver.

Supplier: Bioss

ATF1 (Activating Transcription Factor 1, TREB-36) is a member of the ATF/CREB family of basic region leucine-zipper (bZip) DNA-binding proteins that regulates transcription by binding to a consensus cAMP response element (CRE) in the promoter of various viral and cellular genes. Many of these genes are important in cell growth and differentiation, and in stress and immune responses. The activation function of CRE-binding proteins may be modulated by phosphorylation of several kinases and is mediated by coactivators such as CREB-binding protein (CBP) and p300. ATF1 is a nuclear protein that binds DNA as a homodimer or as heterodimers with the inducible transcription factors CREB1 or CREM. Heterodimers appear to be stronger transcriptional activators than the homodimers. Tissue expression of ATF1 mRNA is widespread. Several isoforms of ATF1 arise by differential splicing. ATF1 mediates both Ca2+ and cAMP responses at several levels. It binds to the Tax-responsive element (TRE1) of the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-I (HTLV1). ATF1 is detectable in metastatic melanoma cells and seems to contribute to their survival. A chimeric protein composed of the N-terminal domain of EWS (Ewing sarcoma oncogene) linked to the bZip domain of ATF1 is implicated in the rare malignant clear cell sarcoma of tendon sheath and aponeuroses (malignant melanoma of soft parts).

Supplier: Bioss

ATF2 is a member of the ATF/CREB family of basic region leucine zipper DNA binding proteins that regulates transcription by binding to a consensus cAMP response element (CRE) in the promoter of various viral and cellular genes. Many of these genes are important in cell growth and differentiation, and in stress and immune responses. ATF2 is a nuclear protein that binds DNA as a dimer and can form dimers with members of the ATF/CREB and Jun/Fos families. It is a stronger activator as a heterodimer with cJun than as a homodimer. Several isoforms of ATF2 arise by differential splicing. The stable native full length ATF2 is transcriptionally inactive as a result of an inhibitory direct intramolecular interaction of its carboxy terminal DNA binding domain with the amino terminal transactivation domain. Following dimerization ATF2 becomes a short lived protein that undergoes ubiquitination and proteolysis, seemingly in a protein phosphatase-dependent mechanism. Stimulation of the transcriptional activity of ATF2 occurs following cellular stress induced by several genotoxic agents, inflammatory cytokines, and UV irradiation. This activation requires phosphorylation of two threonine residues in ATF2 by both JNK/SAP kinase and p38 MAP kinase. ATF2 is abundantly expressed in brain.

Supplier: Bioss

RNA-binding protein implicated in numerous RNA metabolic processes. Catalyzes the phosphorolysis of single-stranded polyribonucleotides processively in the 3'-to-5' direction. Mitochondrial intermembrane factor with RNA-processing exoribonulease activity. Component of the mitochondrial degradosome (mtEXO) complex, that degrades 3' overhang double-stranded RNA with a 3'-to-5' directionality in an ATP-dependent manner. Required for correct processing and polyadenylation of mitochondrial mRNAs. Plays a role as a cytoplasmic RNA import factor that mediates the translocation of small RNA components, like the 5S RNA, the RNA subunit of ribonuclease P and the mitochondrial RNA-processing (MRP) RNA, into the mitochondrial matrix. Plays a role in mitochondrial morphogenesis and respiration; regulates the expression of the electron transport chain (ETC) components at the mRNA and protein levels. In the cytoplasm, shows a 3'-to-5' exoribonuclease mediating mRNA degradation activity; degrades c-myc mRNA upon treatment with IFNB1/IFN-beta, resulting in a growth arrest in melanoma cells. Regulates the stability of specific mature miRNAs in melanoma cells; specifically and selectively degrades miR-221, preferentially. Plays also a role in RNA cell surveillance by cleaning up oxidized RNAs. Binds to the RNA subunit of ribonuclease P, MRP RNA and miR-221 microRNA.

Supplier: MIELE

Miele PG 8583 Laboratory glasswasher represents a professional solution for laboratory glassware for analytical experiments. This approach is particularly gentle on materials and is recommended by leading manufacturers of laboratory glassware.

Supplier: Bioss

ATF1 (Activating Transcription Factor 1, TREB-36) is a member of the ATF/CREB family of basic region leucine-zipper (bZip) DNA-binding proteins that regulates transcription by binding to a consensus cAMP response element (CRE) in the promoter of various viral and cellular genes. Many of these genes are important in cell growth and differentiation, and in stress and immune responses. The activation function of CRE-binding proteins may be modulated by phosphorylation of several kinases and is mediated by coactivators such as CREB-binding protein (CBP) and p300. ATF1 is a nuclear protein that binds DNA as a homodimer or as heterodimers with the inducible transcription factors CREB1 or CREM. Heterodimers appear to be stronger transcriptional activators than the homodimers. Tissue expression of ATF1 mRNA is widespread. Several isoforms of ATF1 arise by differential splicing. ATF1 mediates both Ca2+ and cAMP responses at several levels. It binds to the Tax-responsive element (TRE1) of the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-I (HTLV1). ATF1 is detectable in metastatic melanoma cells and seems to contribute to their survival. A chimeric protein composed of the N-terminal domain of EWS (Ewing sarcoma oncogene) linked to the bZip domain of ATF1 is implicated in the rare malignant clear cell sarcoma of tendon sheath and aponeuroses (malignant melanoma of soft parts).

Supplier: Bioss

HSPC300 (hematopoietic stem cell protein 300) is also known as probable protein BRICK1 or C3orf10 (chromosome 3 open reading frame 10) and is a 75 amino acid protein that is expressed as two isoforms and localizes to both the cytoplasm and the cytoskeleton. HSPC300 is thought to regulate cytoskeletal organization and Actin polymerization. Free HSPC300 exists as homotrimers prior to its incorporation into the WAVE complex. The WAVE complex includes five proteins, one of which is HSPC300, that regulate the ARC (Arp2/3 complex) which is responsible for Actin nucleation and is Rac 1-dependent. Because HSPC300 is a highly conserved subunit of the WAVE complex across many species, it is thought to have the same or similar functions in many different organisms. In Drosophila, the WAVE/ARC pathway may affect the development of the nervous system. HSPC300 is thought to localize to axons of the central nervous system of Drosophila embryos and thus may also be involved in axonogenesis. In addition, HSPC300 is thought to be necessary for synaptic morphogenesis by motoneurons. In mice, the knockout of the WAVE complex leads to learning and memory defects, and it is therefore hypothesized that HSPC300 may also be involved in cognitive functions. Genetic depletion of HSPC300 results in cytoskeletal abnormalities and prevents cytokinesis of cells, suggesting that decreased levels of HSPC300 may be associated with tumor suppression.

Supplier: Bioss

TREML2 is expressed throughout B cell development in addition to being expressed on macrophages and neutrophils and is the only TREM molecule to be found on lymphocytes. TREML2 is expressed on B lineage cells early in development, and the highest level of expression is detected on those mature peripheral B cell subpopulations that are involved in the initial humoral immune response against bacterial pathogens. TREML2 is unique in that it lacks either the conserved transmembrane lysine residue or ITAM/ITIMs within its own cytoplasmic domain. Thus, TREML2 does not exhibit any of the features associated with classical tyrosine-based signaling. Monocytes in the bone marrow or peripheral blood do not express detectable levels of TREML2, but its expression is up-regulated in conjunction with differentiation into macrophages. TREML2 is present on neutrophils in the bone marrow as well as the periphery, and inflammatory stimuli result in a dramatic increase in the expression of TREML2 on these cells in vivo.TREML2 is a single-pass type I membrane protein, and it contains 1 Ig-like V-type (immunoglobulin-like) domain. It is a cell surface receptor that may play a role in the innate and adaptive immune response. TREML2 is located in a gene cluster on chromosome 6 with the single Ig variable (IgV) domain activating receptors TREM1 and TREM2, but it has distinct structural and functional properties.

Supplier: Bioss

Fanconi anemia (FA) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by bone marrow failure, birth defects and chromosomal instability. At the cellular level, FA is characterized by spontaneous chromosomal breakage and a unique hypersensitivity to DNA cross-linking agents. At least eight complementation groups (A-G) have been identified and six FA genes (for subtypes A, C, D2, E, F and G) have been cloned. The FA proteins lack sequence homologies or motifs that could point to a molecular function. The cellular accumulation of FA proteins, including FANCA and FANCG, is subject to regulation by TNF alpha signaling. Phosphorylation of FANC (Fanconi anemia complementation group) proteins is thought to be important for the function of the FA pathway. FANCA, also known as FACA and FANCH, associates with the Brm-related gene 1 (BRG1) product, a subunit of the SWI/SNF complex which remodels chromatin structure through a DNA-dependent ATPase activity. FANCA is mainly expressed in lymphoid tissues, testis and ovary. The amino-terminal region of the FANCA protein is required for FANCG binding, FANCC binding, nuclear localization and functional activity of the complex. The human FANCA gene maps to chromosome 16q24.3 and encodes a 1,455 amino acid protein.

Supplier: Bioss

Src is the human homolog of the v-Src gene of the rous sarcoma virus, also designated avian sarcoma virus or ASV. Src was the first proto-oncogenic non-receptor tyrosine kinase characterized in human. The Src family, which has common structural motifs, is composed of nine members in vertebrates, including Src, Yes, Fgr, Frk, Fyn, Lyn, Hck, Lck and Blk. Src-family kinases transduce signals that are involved in the control of a variety of cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, motility and adhesion. Src-family ki-nases contain an amino-terminal cell membrane anchor followed by an SH3 domain and an SH2 domain, which are involved in modular association and activation, respectively. Src-family kinases, which are normally maintained in an inactive state and can be activated transiently during cellular events such as mitosis. Different subcellular localizations of Src-family kinases may be important for the regulation of specific cellular processes such as mitogenesis, cytoskeletal organization and membrane trafficking. c-Fgr is a human non-receptor tyrosine kinase family member that was discovered by using a probe toward the v-Fgr portion of the cell-derived domain of Gardner-Rasheed feline sarcoma virus. The human c-Fgr gene encodes a 529 amino acid protein.

Supplier: Bioss

Receptor tyrosine kinase which binds promiscuously membrane-bound ephrin-A family ligands residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. The signaling pathway downstream of the receptor is referred to as forward signaling while the signaling pathway downstream of the ephrin ligand is referred to as reverse signaling. Activated by the ligand ephrin-A1/EFNA1 regulates migration, integrin-mediated adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of cells. Regulates cell adhesion and differentiation through DSG1/desmoglein-1 and inhibition of the ERK1/ERK2 (MAPK3/MAPK1, respectively) signaling pathway. May also participate in UV radiation-induced apoptosis and have a ligand-independent stimulatory effect on chemotactic cell migration. During development, may function in distinctive aspects of pattern formation and subsequently in development of several fetal tissues. Involved for instance in angiogenesis, in early hindbrain development and epithelial proliferation and branching morphogenesis during mammary gland development. Engaged by the ligand ephrin-A5/EFNA5 may regulate lens fiber cells shape and interactions and be important for lens transparency development and maintenance. With ephrin-A2/EFNA2 may play a role in bone remodeling through regulation of osteoclastogenesis and osteoblastogenesis.

Supplier: Bioss

Fanconi anemia (FA) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by bone marrow failure, birth defects and chromosomal instability. At the cellular level, FA is characterized by spontaneous chromosomal breakage and a unique hypersensitivity to DNA cross-linking agents. At least eight complementation groups (A-G) have been identified and six FA genes (for subtypes A, C, D2, E, F and G) have been cloned. The FA proteins lack sequence homologies or motifs that could point to a molecular function. The cellular accumulation of FA proteins, including FANCA and FANCG, is subject to regulation by TNF alpha signaling. Phosphorylation of FANC (Fanconi anemia complementation group) proteins is thought to be important for the function of the FA pathway. FANCA, also known as FACA and FANCH, associates with the Brm-related gene 1 (BRG1) product, a subunit of the SWI/SNF complex which remodels chromatin structure through a DNA-dependent ATPase activity. FANCA is mainly expressed in lymphoid tissues, testis and ovary. The amino-terminal region of the FANCA protein is required for FANCG binding, FANCC binding, nuclear localization and functional activity of the complex. The human FANCA gene maps to chromosome 16q24.3 and encodes a 1,455 amino acid protein.

Supplier: Bioss

Kallikrein 9, also known as Kallikrein-Like 3 (KLK-L3), is a chymotrypsin-like serine proteinase. Kallikrein 9 was discovered as the locus for kallikreins on chromosome 19 was more fully mapped and found by similarity to the other tissue kallikreins. Kallikrein 9 has been found in the ovary, thymus, testis, prostate, skin, breast and neuronal tissues and is made by many cell lines in culture. Kallikrein 9 levels in breast cancer and uterine cancer patients have been reported to drop as the disease progresses, thus hK9 might be considered a favorable prognostic marker. Different splice variants of hK9 have been reported, although it is not yet known if they produce functional proteins. The full length Kallikrein 9 encodes for a 250 amino acid protein, with a predicted mass of 27.5 kDa and a pI of 7.53. The 234 amino acid form predicts a protein of 26 kDa with a pI of 9.76 and this quite basic pI might give the shorter form a very different function or localization. The shorter sequence also diverges before the catalytic serine residue, making it unlikely to be proteolytically active. Pre-pro-kallikrein 9 has the 17 amino acid signal sequence is removed before secretion, and the Pro-kallikrein 9 is activated to Kallikrein 9 by removal of the 5 amino acid propeptide domain.

Supplier: Bioss

Acts as a tumor suppressor in many tumor types; induces growth arrest or apoptosis depending on the physiological circumstances and cell type. Involved in cell cycle regulation as a trans-activator that acts to negatively regulate cell division by controlling a set of genes required for this process. One of the activated genes is an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases. Apoptosis induction seems to be mediated either by stimulation of BAX and FAS antigen expression, or by repression of Bcl-2 expression. In cooperation with mitochondrial PPIF is involved in activating oxidative stress-induced necrosis; the function is largely independent of transcription. Induces the transcription of long intergenic non-coding RNA p21 (lincRNA-p21) and lincRNA-Mkln1. LincRNA-p21 participates in TP53-dependent transcriptional repression leading to apoptosis and seem to have to effect on cell-cycle regulation. Implicated in Notch signaling cross-over. Prevents CDK7 kinase activity when associated to CAK complex in response to DNA damage, thus stopping cell cycle progression. Isoform 2 enhances the transactivation activity of isoform 1 from some but not all TP53-inducible promoters. Isoform 4 suppresses transactivation activity and impairs growth suppression mediated by isoform 1. Isoform 7 inhibits isoform 1-mediated apoptosis.

Supplier: Bioss

Receptor tyrosine kinase which binds promiscuously membrane-bound ephrin-A family ligands residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. The signaling pathway downstream of the receptor is referred to as forward signaling while the signaling pathway downstream of the ephrin ligand is referred to as reverse signaling. Activated by the ligand ephrin-A1/EFNA1 regulates migration, integrin-mediated adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of cells. Regulates cell adhesion and differentiation through DSG1/desmoglein-1 and inhibition of the ERK1/ERK2 (MAPK3/MAPK1, respectively) signaling pathway. May also participate in UV radiation-induced apoptosis and have a ligand-independent stimulatory effect on chemotactic cell migration. During development, may function in distinctive aspects of pattern formation and subsequently in development of several fetal tissues. Involved for instance in angiogenesis, in early hindbrain development and epithelial proliferation and branching morphogenesis during mammary gland development. Engaged by the ligand ephrin-A5/EFNA5 may regulate lens fiber cells shape and interactions and be important for lens transparency development and maintenance. With ephrin-A2/EFNA2 may play a role in bone remodeling through regulation of osteoclastogenesis and osteoblastogenesis.

Supplier: Bioss

Immunoglobulins belong to a group of related glyco proteins which make up 20% of serum proteins. Antigens and immunoglobulins react to confer immunity to individuals. Immunoglobulins have similar structures of two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains. Both the heavy chains and the light chains are divided into constant and variable regions. The constant regions have the same amino acid sequences between all the immunoglobulin classes. The variable regions have approximately 110 amino acids with high sequence variability. The amino acid sequence of the heavy chain determines the class of an immunoglobulin. The five types of immunoglobulin heavy chains are known as: IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, and IgE. IgG is divided into four subclasses, and IgA is divided into two subclasses. In serum IgA and IgG are monomers with a single 4 polypeptide unit; while, IgM is a pen tamer. IgA may also form polymers. Kappa light chain antibody can be used for the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas and certain non Hodgkin's lymphomas. Kappa light chain contains one immunoglobulin like domain. The EU sequence has the INV allotypic marker, Ala 45 and Val 83. The ROY sequence has the INV allotypic marker, Ala 45 and Leu 83.

Supplier: Bioss

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disease characterized by loss of motor neurons in the spinal cord. SMA is caused by deletion or loss-of-function mutations of SMN (survival of motor neuron) gene. SMN, also known as Gemin1, SMN1, SMNT and BCD541, exists as four isoforms produced by alternative splicing. SMN is oligomeric and forms a complex with Gemin2 (formerly SIP1), Gemin3 (a DEAD box RNA helicase), Gemin4, Gemin5 and Gemin6, as well as several spliceosomal snRNP proteins. The SMN complex plays an essential role in splicesomal snRNP assembly in the cytoplasm and is required for pre-mRNA splicing of the nucleus. The SMN complex is found in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus. The nuclear form is concentrated in subnuclear bodies called gems (gemini of the coiled bodies). Cytoplasmic SMN interacts with spliceosomal Sm proteins and facilitates their assembly onto U snRNAs, and nuclear SMN mediates recycling of pre-mRNA splicing factors. Nearly identical telomeric and centromeric forms of SMN encode the same protein; however, only mutations in the telomeric form are associated with the disease-state SMA. SMN is expresed in a wide variety of tissues including brain, kidney, liver, spinal cord and moderately in skeletal and cardiac muscle.

Supplier: Bioss

May be a chaperone-like protein essential for the proper conformation and functioning of protein complexes in the respiratory chain.Tissue specificity:Ubiquitously expressed with a relatively greater abundance in heart and skeletal muscle.Involvement in disease:Defects in ADCK3 are a cause of coenzyme Q10 deficiency (CoQ10 deficiency). CoQ10 deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder with variable manifestations. It can be associated with three main clinical phenotypes: a predominantly myopathic form with central nervous system involvement, an infantile encephalomyopathy with renal dysfunction and an ataxic form with cerebellar atrophy.Defects in ADCK3 are the cause of spinocerebellar ataxia autosomal recessive type 9 (SCAR9) [MIM:612016]; also known as autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia type 2 (ARCA2). Spinocerebellar ataxia is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of cerebellar disorders. Patients show progressive incoordination of gait and often poor coordination of hands, speech and eye movements, due to degeneration of the cerebellum with variable involvement of the brainstem and spinal cord. SCAR9 is an autosomal recessive form characterized by gait ataxia and cerebellar atrophy with slow progression and few associated features. Patients can manifest brisk tendon reflexes and Hoffmann sign, mild psychomotor retardation, mild axonal degeneration of the sural nerve, exercise intolerance and elevated serum lactate.

Supplier: Bioss

cAMP is a signaling molecule important for a variety of cellular functions. cAMP exerts its effects by activating the cAMP-dependent protein kinase, which transduces the signal through phosphorylation of different target proteins. The inactive kinase holoenzyme is a tetramer composed of two regulatory and two catalytic subunits. cAMP causes the dissociation of the inactive holoenzyme into a dimer of regulatory subunits bound to four cAMP and two free monomeric catalytic subunits. Four different regulatory subunits and three catalytic subunits have been identified in humans. This gene encodes one of the regulatory subunits. This protein was found to be a tissue-specific extinguisher that down-regulates the expression of seven liver genes in hepatoma x fibroblast hybrids. Mutations in this gene cause Carney complex (CNC). This gene can fuse to the RET protooncogene by gene rearrangement and form the thyroid tumor-specific chimeric oncogene known as PTC2. A nonconventional nuclear localization sequence (NLS) has been found for this protein which suggests a role in DNA replication via the protein serving as a nuclear transport protein for the second subunit of the Replication Factor C (RFC40). Three alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been observed. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].

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BOTTLE LDPE WIDE NECK 50ML W/GASKET 1 * 160 items

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Density hydrometer, 1,060-1,120:0,001g/cm , ref. temp. 20C, with therm., 350mm long, special liquid 1 * 1 items

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ISG15 is secreted from monocytes in response to type I interferons and causes natural killer (NK)-cell proliferation and an augmentation of non-MCH (major histocompatibility complex)-restricted cytotoxicity. Synthesis is stimulated by IFN-alpha or IFN-beta or IFN-omega , but not IFN-gamma . ISG15 expression is also induced by overexpression of interferon regulatory factors that participate in transcriptional regulation of IFN genes, and by influenza B virus. ISG15 is secreted also by cell lines of monocyte, T-lymphocyte, B-lymphocyte, human fibroblasts, and epithelial origins. The induction of terminal differentiation in human melanoma cells is associated with alterations in ISG15 expression. Enhancement of NK cell proliferation, augmentation of non-major histocompatibility complex-restricted cytotoxicity, and induction of IFN-gamma from T cells identify ISG15 as a member of the cytokine cascade and suggest that it may be responsible for amplifying and directing some of the immunomodulatory effects of IFN-alpha or IFN-beta. ISG15 has has also been shown to function intracellularly as a ubiquitin homolog.

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RBPMS is a member of the RRM family of RNA-binding proteins. The RRM domain is between 80-100 amino acids in length and family members contain one to four copies of the domain. The RRM domain consists of two short stretches of conserved sequence called RNP1 and RNP2, as well as a few highly conserved hydrophobic residues. RBPMS has a single, putative RRM domain in its N-terminus. This gene encodes a member of the RRM family of RNA-binding proteins. The RRM domain is between 80-100 amino acids in length and family members contain one to four copies of the domain. The RRM domain consists of two short stretches of conserved sequence called RNP1 and RNP2, as well as a few highly conserved hydrophobic residues. The protein encoded by this gene has a single, putative RRM domain in its N-terminus. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.

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This gene is one of several tumor-suppressing subtransferable fragments located in the imprinted gene domain of 11p15.5, an important tumor-suppressor gene region. Alterations in this region have been associated with the Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, Wilms tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, adrenocortical carcinoma, and lung, ovarian, and breast cancer. This gene may play a role in malignancies and disease that involve this region as well as the transport of chloroquine- and quinidine-related compounds in the kidney.This gene is one of several tumor-suppressing subtransferable fragments located in the imprinted gene domain of 11p15.5, an important tumor-suppressor gene region. Alterations in this region have been associated with the Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, Wilms tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, adrenocortical carcinoma, and lung, ovarian, and breast cancer. This gene may play a role in malignancies and disease that involve this region as well as the transport of chloroquine- and quinidine-related compounds in the kidney. Two alternative transcripts encoding the same isoform have been described.

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PCDH12 belongs to the protocadherin protein family, a subfamily of the cadherin superfamily. It consists of an extracellular domain containing 6 cadherin repeats, a transmembrane domain and a cytoplasmic tail that differs from those of the classical cadherins. The function of this cellular adhesion protein is undetermined but mouse protocadherin 12 does not bind catenins and appears to have no affect on cell migration or growth.This gene belongs to the protocadherin gene family, a subfamily of the cadherin superfamily. The encoded protein consists of an extracellular domain containing 6 cadherin repeats, a transmembrane domain and a cytoplasmic tail that differs from those of the classical cadherins. The gene localizes to the region on chromosome 5 where the protocadherin gene clusters reside. The exon organization of this transcript is similar to that of the gene cluster transcripts, notably the first large exon, but no significant sequence homology exists. The function of this cellular adhesion protein is undetermined but mouse protocadherin 12 does not bind catenins and appears to have no affect on cell migration or growth.

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PHF6 is a member of the plant homeodomain (PHD)-like finger (PHF) family. PHF6 is a protein with two PHD-type zinc finger domains, indicating a potential role in transcriptional regulation, that localizes to the nucleolus. Mutations affecting the coding region of its gene or the splicing of the transcript have been associated with Borjeson-Forssman-Lehmann syndrome (BFLS).This gene is a member of the plant homeodomain (PHD)-like finger (PHF) family. It encodes a protein with two PHD-type zinc finger domains, indicating a potential role in transcriptional regulation, that localizes to the nucleolus. Mutations affecting the coding region of this gene or the splicing of the transcript have been associated with Borjeson-Forssman-Lehmann syndrome (BFLS), a disorder characterized by mental retardation, epilepsy, hypogonadism, hypometabolism, obesity, swelling of subcutaneous tissue of the face, narrow palpebral fissures, and large ears. Alternate transcriptional splice variants, encoding different isoforms, have been characterized.