"Shenandoah Biotechnology"

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Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a growth factor that stimulates the proliferation, differentiation, and survival of epithelial and epidermal cells. EGF contains three intramolecular disulfide bonds and binds in high affinity to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR).

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Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) is a type II interferon that is critical during adaptive and innate immune responses to infection. IFN-γ is produced by T cells and natural killer cells following antigen-specific activation. IFN-γ binds IFN-γ receptors (IFN-γ R1 and IFN-γ R2), which are expressed on most immune cells, to activate the JAK-STAT pathway. IFN-γ-induced signaling increases the expression of class 1 major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. Human IFN-γ is not cross-reactive with mouse IFN-γ.

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Neuregulin 1-beta (NRG1-β) is one of many alternatively-spliced isoforms of the NRG1 gene and contains a soluble EGF-like domain. The EGF-like domain of NRG1-β signals through the ErbB2, ErbB3, and ErbB4 receptor tyrosine kinases. NRG1-β is an important growth factor involved in neuroinflammation, nerve regeneration, and cardiovascular processes.

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Interleukin 3 (IL-3) is a cytokine that is produced by activated T cells and mast cells. IL-3 induces the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells into myeloid precursor cells, such as erythrocyte, megakaryocyte, granulocyte, monocyte, and dendritic cells. IL-3 also functions in the nervous system and is important during the B-1 cell regulation of chronic inflammatory diseases.

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Interleukin-19 (IL-19) is a member of the interleukin 10 (IL-10) cytokine family and is produced by B cells and monocytes. IL-19 binds the interleukin 20 receptor complex (IL-20R) to activate STAT3 signaling. IL-19 induces interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) expression in monocytes, and promotes type 2 T helper (Th2) cell-mediated immune responses. IL-19 production is upregulated in resting monocytes following granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation.

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Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) is a type II interferon that is critical during adaptive and innate immune responses to infection. IFN-γ is produced by T cells and natural killer cells following antigen-specific activation. IFN-γ binds IFN-γ receptors (IFN-γ R1 and IFN-γ R2), which are expressed on most immune cells, to activate the JAK-STAT pathway. IFN-γ-induced signaling increases the expression of class 1 major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. Human IFN-γ is not cross-reactive with mouse IFN-γ.

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Basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-basic), also known as FGF-2, is expressed by endothelial cells and is a mediator of angiogenesis. FGF-basic also has cardioprotective functions during heart injury. FGF-basic is a critical component for embryonic stem cell culture systems and is necessary for maintaining cells in an undifferentiated state. Recombinant FGF-basic 154 is the full length FGF-basic protein encoded by the human FGF-2 gene. FGF-basic 154 is the most popular tissue culture product at Shenandoah Biotechnology, Inc. There are no detectable differences in biological activity between FGF-basic 154 and the truncated FGF-basic 147 proteins.

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Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is hematopoietic growth factor produced by endothelial cells, monocytes, fibroblasts, and T cells. GM-CSF stimulates the production of neutrophilic granulocytes, macrophages, and mixed granulocyte-macrophage colonies from bone marrow cells. GM-CSF promotes immune system development and regulates neutrophil function during infection. Human and mouse GM-CSF show no cross-reactivity.

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Water for Injection (WFI)* Quality Water is the most suitable water available for producing cell culture media, reconstitution of biochemical reagents, and as a final rinse water for critical applications. WFI Quality Water meets USP, PhEur, and JP grade specifications and is 0,1 µm sterile filtered at time of fill. It contains no added substances.

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Exodus-2, also known as CCL21 and 6Ckine, is a chemokine that is strongly produced in the human lymph nodes and spleen. Exodus-2 signals through the chemokine receptor CCR7 to regulate thymocyte and activated T cell migration. Exodus-2 also mediates the homing of lymphocytes to the lymphatic system. Human and mouse Exodus-2 proteins share greater than 85% amino acid sequence identity.

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Fibroblast growth factor 22 (FGF-22) is a mediator of synaptogenesis in the adult nervous system and functions to regulate synapse formation and maturation.

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Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) is a member of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family and functions as a potent inducer of bone and cartilage development. BMP proteins are synthesized as large precursor molecules which are cleaved by proteolytic enzymes. Active BMP-2 consists of forming a homodimer or a heterodimer with a related BMP, such as BMP-7. BMP-2 signals through type I and type II receptor tyrosine kinases in conjuction with SMAD proteins to directly promote osteoblast differentiation. BMP-2 is also important during cardiac development and supports epicardial cell migration.

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Growth hormone (GH) is an important mitogenic growth factor that is synthesized, stored, and secreted by somatotropic cells of the anterior pituitary gland. GH stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and cell regeneration. In children, GH deficiencies can cause short stature, growth failure, and delayed sexual maturity. Adult GH deficiency presents with reduced lean body mass, increased adiposity, reduced muscle strength, and ultimately premature mortality. GH replacement therapy is used to treat many growth disorders, including Turner syndrome, chronic renal failure, and Prader–Willi syndrome.

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Thrombopoietin (TPO) is a growth factor that is produced by liver and kidney tissues. TPO binds the TPO receptor (CD110) to promote megakaryocyte maturation, differentiation, and the production of platelets.

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IL-10 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine produced by macrophages and type 2 T helper (Th2) cells.

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Growth hormone is an important mitogenic growth factor that is synthesised, stored, and secreted by somatotropic cells of the anterior pituitary gland. They stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and cell regeneration.