"Bioss"

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The androgen receptor gene is more than 90 kb long and codes for a protein that has 3 major functional domains: the N-terminal domain, DNA-binding domain, and androgen-binding domain. The protein functions as a steroid-hormone activated transcription factor. Upon binding the hormone ligand, the receptor dissociates from accessory proteins, translocates into the nucleus, dimerizes, and then stimulates transcription of androgen responsive genes. This gene contains 2 polymorphic trinucleotide repeat segments that encode polyglutamine and polyglycine tracts in the N-terminal transactivation domain of its protein. Expansion of the polyglutamine tract causes spinal bulbar muscular atrophy (Kennedy disease). Mutations in this gene are also associated with complete androgen insensitivity (CAIS). Two alternatively spliced variants encoding distinct isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

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The tripartite motif (TRIM) family of proteins are characterized by a conserved TRIM domain that includes a coiled-coil region, a B-box type zinc finger, one RING finger and three zinc-binding domains. TRIM17 (tripartite motif-containing 17), also known as RBCC, terf or RNF16, is a 477 amino acid protein that contains one RING-type zinc finger, one SPRY domain and one B box-type zinc finger. Expressed nearly exclusively in testis, TRIM17 belongs to the TRIM family and, based on its functional domains, may play a role in transcriptional regulation events. The gene encoding TRIM17 maps to human chromosome 1, which spans 260 million base pairs, contains over 3,000 genes and comprises nearly 8% of the human genome. Chromosome 1 houses a large number of disease-associated genes, including those that are involved in familial adenomatous polyposis, Stickler syndrome, Parkinson’s disease, Gaucher disease, schizophrenia and Usher syndrome. Aberrations in chromosome 1 are found in a variety of cancers, including head and neck cancer, malignant melanoma and multiple myeloma

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The C-type lectin/C-type lectin-like domain (CTL/CTLD) superfamily consists of a variety of proteins that share a common protein fold and have diverse functions, including cell-cell signaling, cell adhesion, glycoprotein turnover and immune responses. CLEC-9A (C-type lectin domain family 9 member A), also known as DNGR1 (dendritic cell natural killer lectin group receptor 1), is a 241 amino acid single-pass type II membrane protein that contains one C-type lectin domain and belongs to the CTL/CTLD superfamily. Expressed in myeloid lineage cells, brain, spleen and thymus, CLEC-9A is a group V C-type lectin-like receptor (CTLR) that acts as an activation receptor. The gene encoding CLEC-9A maps to human chromosome 12p13.2 and mouse chromosome 6 F3.

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Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. Nucleosomes consist of approximately 146 bp of DNA wrapped around a histone octamer composed of pairs of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4). The chromatin fiber is further compacted through the interaction of a linker histone, H1, with the DNA between the nucleosomes to form higher order chromatin structures. This gene is intronless and encodes a member of the histone H2B family. Transcripts from this gene lack polyA tails; instead, they contain a palindromic termination element. This gene is found in the large histone gene cluster on chromosome 6p22-p21.3. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].

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This protein promotes the GTP-dependent binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes during protein biosynthesis.

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HENMT1.

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Isocitrate dehydrogenases catalyse the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to 2-oxoglutarate. These enzymes belong to two distinct subclasses, one of which utilises NAD(+) as the electron acceptor and the other NADP(+). Five isocitrate dehydrogenases have been reported: three NAD(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenases, which localise to the mitochondrial matrix, and two NADP(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenases, one of which is mitochondrial and the other predominantly cytosolic. NAD(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenases catalyse the allosterically regulated rate-limiting step of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Each isozyme is a heterotetramer that is composed of two alpha subunits, one beta subunit, and one gamma subunit. The protein encoded by this gene is the beta subunit of one isozyme of NAD(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase. Three alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene.

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CAB39L

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The transhydrogenation between NADH and NADP is coupled to respiration and ATP hydrolysis and functions as a proton pump across the membrane. May play a role in reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxification in the adrenal gland.

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Anti-NCL Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody

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Casein kinases are operationally defined by their preferential utilization of acidic proteins such as caseins as substrates. It can phosphorylate a large number of proteins. Participates in Wnt signaling.

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Substrate of the antigen receptor-coupled tyrosine kinase. Plays a role in antigen receptor signaling for both clonal expansion and deletion in lymphoid cells. May also be involved in the regulation of gene expression.

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G protein-coupled receptors (GPRs), also known as seven transmembrane receptors, heptahelical receptors or 7TM receptors, comprise a superfamily of proteins that play a role in many different stimulus-response pathways. G protein coupled receptors translate extracellular signals into intracellular signals (G protein activation) and they respond to a variety of signaling molecules, such as hormones and neurotransmitters. GPR101 (G protein-coupled receptor 101), also known as GPCR6, is a 508 amino acid multi-pass membrane protein that belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. GPR101 functions as an orphan receptor that is thought to play a role in signaling events throughout the cell. Expressed predominantly in brain, GPR101 participates in a wide range of activities in the CNS via modulation of cAMP levels.

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Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction. G gamma4 interacts with beta-1 and beta-2, but not with beta-3. It is expressed in brain, kidney, pancreas, skeletal muscle and faintly in cardiac muscle.

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This gene encodes a protein with limited similarity to L-amino acid oxidase which contains the conserved amino acids thought to be involved in catalysis and binding of flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) cofactor. The expression of this gene can be induced by interleukin 4 in B cells, however, expression of transcripts containing the first two exons of the upstream gene is found in other cell types. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2012].

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Ghrelin is an endogenous ligand for the growth hormone secretagogue receptor and is involved in regulating growth hormone release. Ghrelin is derived from a preprohormone called preproghrelin, which also generates a second peptide called obestatin. Obestatin is an endogenous ligand for the orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR39 and is involved in satiety and decreased food intake. Also known as Appetite regulating hormone; GHRL; Growth hormone releasing peptide; Growth hormone secretagogue; M46 protein; Motilin related peptide; MTLRP; Obestatin; Obestatin preprohormone; PRO1066; UNQ524. Sequence notes: Gly-Ser-Ser-Phe-Leu-Ser-Pro- Glu-His-Gln-Lys-Ala-Gln-Gln-Arg-Lys-Glu- Ser-Lys-Lys-Pro-Pro-Ala-Lys-Leu-Gln-Pro- Arg (mo, rat).