39749 Results for: "Ethoxyacetic+acid&pageNo=67"

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Sodium permeable non-voltage-sensitive ion channel inhibited by the diuretic amiloride. Mediates the electrodiffusion of the luminal sodium (and water, which follows osmotically) through the apical membrane of epithelial cells. Controls the reabsorption of sodium in kidney, colon, lung and sweat glands. Also plays a role in taste perception.

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May play a role in microtubule-mediated transport or vesicle function.

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EphB1, previously known as Elk (eph like kinase), is a receptor tyrosine kinase of the highly tissue restricted family of eph proteins. EphB1 and other ephB family members are type 1 membrane spanning proteins, comprised of immunoglobulin, fibronectin type III, and cysteine rich subdomains in the ecto domain, and the single uninterrupted cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase domain upstream of a carboxyterminal sterile alpha motif (SAM) domain. EphB family proteins bind ephrins of the B class. EphB1 is expressed predominately in developing neural structures in embryos, and in vascular epithelium of kidney, and other tissues. Upon binding to alternatively oligomerized ephrin B1, EphB1 signals regulation of cell attachment and cell to cell assembly. Members of this protein family are implicated in neuronal and vascular cell targeting.

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Muskelin is a 735 amino acid nuclear and cytoplasmic protein that mediates cytoskeletal responses and cell spreading to Thrombospondin 1, an extracellular matrix glycoprotein. Forming a CTLH complex with RMND5A, Ran BP-M and TWA1, Muskelin exists as two alternatively spliced isoforms. Muskelin is implicated as an isoform-specific anchoring protein for the prostaglandin EP3 receptor, and contains one LisH domain, a CTLH domain, six Kelch repeats and an N-terminal discoidin-like domain through which it self-associates via a head-to-tail mechanism. Human and mouse Muskelin share 98% amino acid seqeuence homology and are encoded by genes located on chromosomes 7q32.3 and 6 A3.3, respectively.

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MAPK10 (JNK3) is a member of the MAP kinase family. MAP kinases act as an integration point for multiple biochemical signals, and are involved in a wide variety of cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, transcription regulation and development. This protein is a neuron-specific form of c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs). Through its phosphorylation and nuclear localization, this kinase plays regulatory roles in the signaling pathways of neuronal apoptosis. Beta-arrestin 2, a receptor-regulated MAP kinase scaffold protein, is found to interact with and stimulate the phosphorylation of this kinase by MAP kinase kinase 4 (MKK4). Cyclin-dependent kianse 5 (CDK5) can phosphorylate and inhibit the activity of this kinase, which may be important in preventing neuronal apoptosis. Four alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been reported.

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The gene encoding human Membralin, C19orf6, localizes to chromosome 19p13.3. It contains 11 exons, which encode at least two splice variants in human cancer. Membralin is a multi-pass membrane protein and exists either as a long or short form. The long form of Membralin comprises all 11 exons, while the short form contains all exons except exon 10. Expression of different Membralin isoforms depends on tissue type. The long form is expressed in ovarian and colorectal carcinomas, whereas the short form is expressed in breast or pancreatic carcinomas. Because Membralin expression in ovarian carcinomas is highest in serous carcinomas as compared to surface epithelium carcinomas, expression of Membralin may be useful as a novel tumor-associated marker in ovarian serous carcinomas.

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Myosins are actin-based motor molecules with ATPase activity. Unconventional myosins serve in intracellular movements. Their highly divergent tails bind to membranous compartments, which are then moved relative to actin filaments. In the retina, plays an important role in the renewal of the outer photoreceptor disks. Plays an important role in the distribution and migration of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) melanosomes and phagosomes, and in the regulation of opsin transport in retinal photoreceptors. In the inner ear, plays an important role in differentiation, morphogenesis and organization of cochlear hair cell bundles. Involved in hair-cell vesicle trafficking of aminoglycosides, which are known to induce ototoxicity (By similarity). Motor protein that is a part of the functional network formed by USH1C, USH1G, CDH23 and MYO7A that mediates mechanotransduction in cochlear hair cells. Required for normal hearing.

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APPBP2 is a hydrophilic, microtubule binding protein that functions in the trafficking of Beta-Amyloid precursor protein. It is expressed in a variety of cell types and localizes to the cytoplasm. APPBP2 shares homology with kinesin light chain. It consists of a coiled-coil domain, PKC phosphorylation sites, four imperfect C-terminal tandem repeats, eight tetratricopeptide repeats and N- and C-terminal globular structures. APPBP2 recognizes and binds to the basolateral sorting sequence (BaSS) present in the cytoplasmic domain of the Beta-Amyloid precursor protein. In addition, APPBP2 interacts with the androgen receptor and suppresses androgen signaling.

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The phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of proteins on serine and threonine residues is an essential means of regulating a broad range of cellular functions in eukaryotes, including cell division, homeostasis and apoptosis. A group of proteins that are intimately involved in this process are the serine/threonine (Ser/Thr) protein kinases. STK33 (serine/threonine kinase 33) is a 514 amino acid protein that belongs to the CaMK (calcium/calmodulin dependent kinase) subfamily of structurally related serine/threonine kinases. Widely expressed at low levels with predominant expression in testis, lung, retina and fetal organs such as brain, heart and spinal cord, STK33 contains one protein kinase domain and functions as a Ser/Thr protein kinase with a possible role in spermatogenesis. The gene encoding STK33 lies within a region on chromosome 11 that has been associated with a variety of defects, including Long QT syndrome, T-cell leukemia, Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, Usher syndrome 1C and various other malignancies.

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HERC3 is a member the HERC ubiquitin ligase family. The encoded protein is located in the cytosol and binds ubiquitin via a HECT domain. Mutations in this gene have been associated with colorectal and gastric carcinomas. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene.

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May act as a negative regulator of Aurora-A kinase, by down-regulation through proteasome-dependent degradation.

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CAMSAP1L1 is a 1,489 amino acid protein that contains one calponin-homology domain and one CKK domain, which serves to bind microtubules. There are three isoforms of CAMSAP1L1 that are produced as a result of alternative splicing events. The gene encoding CAMSAP1L1 maps to human chromosome 1, the largest human chromosome spanning about 260 million base pairs and making up 8% of the human genome. There are about 3,000 genes on chromosome 1, and considering the great number of genes there are also a large number of diseases associated with chromosome 1. Notably, the rare aging disease Hutchinson-Gilford progeria is associated with the LMNA gene which encodes lamin A. The MUTYH gene is located on chromosome 1 and is partially responsible for familial adenomatous polyposis. Stickler syndrome, Parkinsons, Gaucher disease and Usher syndrome are also associated with chromosome 1.

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SMAD2 or Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 is a polypeptide that, as its name describes, is a homolog of the Drosophila gene: "Mothers against decepentaplegic". It belongs to the SMAD family of proteins, which belong to the TGF-Beta superfamily of modulators. Like many other TGF-Beta family members SMAD2 is involved in cell signalling. SMAD2 modulates signals of activin and TGF-Beta's. It interacts with SMAD anchor for receptor activation (SARA). The binding of ligands causes the phosphorylation of the SMAD2 protein and the dissociation from SARA and the association with SMAD4. It is subsequently transferred to the nucleus where it forms complexes with other proteins and acts as a transcription factor. SMAD2 is a receptor regulated SMAD (R-SMAD) and is activated by bone morphogenetic protein type 1 receptor kinase. Smad2 (Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2; SMAD 2; Mothers against DPP homolog 2;)

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Brain-specific neurabin I (neural tissue-specific F-actin binding protein I) is highly concentrated in the synapse of developed neurons; it localizes in the growth cone lamellipodia during neuronal development (1). Suppression of endogenous neurabin in rat hippocampal neurons inhibits neurite formation (1). Neurabin I recruits active PP1 via a PP1-docking sequence; mutation of the PP1-binding motif halts filopodia and restores stress fibers in neurabin I-expressing cells (2,3). Neurabin II (Spinophilin) is ubiquitously expressed but is abundantly expressed in brain (4). Neurabin II localizes to neuronal dentritic spines, which are the specialized protrusions from dendritic shafts that receive most of the excitatory input in the CNS (5). Neurabin II may regulate dendritic spine properties as neurabin II(-) mice have increased spine density during development in vitro and exhibit altered filopodial formation in cultured cells (5). Neurabin may also play a role in glutamatergic transmission as Neurabin II(-) mice exhibit reduced long-term depression and resistance to kainate-induced seizures and neronal apoptosis (5). Neurabin II complexes with the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase-1 (PP1) in vitro thus modulating the activity of PP1 (4).

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Involucrin, a component of the keratinocyte crosslinked envelope, is found in the cytoplasm and crosslinked to membrane proteins by transglutaminase. This gene is mapped to 1q21, among calpactin I light chain, trichohyalin, profillaggrin, loricrin, and calcyclin. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].

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Has E2-dependent E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity. Ubiquitinates MAGED1 antigen leading to its subsequent degradation by proteasome (By similarity). May be involved in protein sorting.

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Required for checkpoint mediated cell cycle arrest in response to DNA damage within both the S phase and G2/M phases of the cell cycle. May serve as a scaffold for the recruitment of DNA repair and signal transduction proteins to discrete foci of DNA damage marked by 'Ser-139' phosphorylation of histone H2AFX. Also required for downstream events subsequent to the recruitment of these proteins. These include phosphorylation and activation of the ATM, CHEK1 and CHEK2 kinases, and stabilization of TP53 and apoptosis. ATM and CHEK2 may also be activated independently by a parallel pathway mediated by TP53BP1.

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The sense of taste provides animals with valuable information about the quality and nutritional value of food. A family of G protein coupled receptors are involved in taste perception and include T1R, which is involved in sweet and umami taste perception and T2R, which is involved in bitter taste perception. Both types of taste receptors couple to various G proteins to initiate signal transduction cascades. T2R49 plays a role in sensing the chemical composition of the gastrointestinal content. T2R49 is expressed in subsets of taste receptor cells of the tongue and exclusively in gustducin-positive cells.

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Nuclear receptor that binds peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Once activated by a ligand, the nuclear receptor binds to DNA specific PPAR response elements (PPRE) and modulates the transcription of its target genes, such as acyl-CoA oxidase. It therefore controls the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Key regulator of adipocyte differentiation and glucose homeostasis. ARF6 acts as a key regulator of the tissue-specific adipocyte P2 (aP2) enhancer. Acts as a critical regulator of gut homeostasis by suppressing NF-kappa-B-mediated proinflammatory responses.

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Ulex Europaeus is a European gorse shrub with fragrant golden-yellow flowers. Ulex Europaeus-I Lectin is a 46 kDa glycoprotein known to interact with -L fucosyl residues in oligosaccharides present on the membranes of human blood group O erythrocytes, human endothelial cells and a variety of human and animal epithelial cells.This antibody reacts with Ulex Europaeus Lectin 1 bound to human endothelial cells of normal and neoplastic blood and lymphatic vesicles. It also reacts with human epithelia such as in the colon, bronchus, epidermis, sweat gland ducts and hair follicles. It also reacts with for Ulex Europaeus Lectin 1 bound to vasclular endothelium and squamous epithelium of human tonsil. While erythrocytes may be stained, no other tonsilar elements are reactive with the antibody.This antibody may be useful in the detection of vascular tumors, the This antibody may be useful in the detection of vascular tumors, the investigation of vascular invasion by tumor cells, for determination of Ulex Europaeus Lectin 1 binding to normal, embryonal, dysplastic and neoplastic epithelia and the study of storage diseases such as fucosidosis.

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PLAG1 is a transcription factor whose activation results in upregulation of target genes, such as IGFII, leading to uncontrolled cell proliferation: when overexpressed in cultured cells, higher proliferation rate and transformation are observed. Other target genes such as CRLF1, CRABP2, CRIP2, PIGF are strongly induced in cells with PLAG1 induction. Proto oncogene whose ectopic expression can trigger the development of pleomorphic adenomas of the salivary gland and lipoblastomas. Overexpression is associated with upregulation of IGFII, is frequently observed in hepatoblastoma, common primary liver tumor in childhood. Cooperates with CBFB-MYH11, a fusion gene important for myeloid leukemia.

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May have a role in chylomicrons and VLDL secretion and catabolism. Required for efficient activation of lipoprotein lipase by ApoC-II; potent activator of LCAT. Apoa-IV is a major component of HDL and chylomicrons.

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This is a receptor for the anterior pituitary hormone prolactin (PRL). Acts as a prosurvival factor for spermatozoa by inhibiting sperm capacitation through suppression of SRC kinase activation and stimulation of AKT. Isoform 4 is unable to transduce prolactin signaling. Isoform 6 is unable to transduce prolactin signaling.

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Inhibits signal transduction by increasing the GTPase activity of G protein alpha subunits thereby driving them into their inactive GDP-bound form. Binds to G(i)-alpha and G(o)-alpha, but not to G(s)-alpha.

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C17orf71 belongs to the UPF0487 family. There are 3 isoforms produced by alternative splicing.Positive control;Human Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma, Human Breast Carcinoma.

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Tom1L-1 is a 476 amino acid Golgi apparatus protein belonging to the TOM1 family and is a member of the multivesicular body (MVB) sorting machinery. Containing a GAT domain and a VHS domain, Tom1L-1 interacts with Fyn, GRB2, PI 3-kinase p85?and various signaling proteins when phosphorylated. GAT domain of Tom1L1 binds ubiquitin, suggesting participation in the sorting of ubiquitinated proteins into MVBs. Tom1L-1 may act as an adapter protein involved in signaling pathways and may promote Fyn activation, possibly by disrupting intramolecular SH3-dependent interactions. As an interactor and a substrate of Src tyrosine kinases (SFK), Tom1L1 is considered a novel mechanism involved in negative regulation of SFK mitogenic and transforming signals. Tom1L1 modulates SFK partitioning at the plasma membrane and downregulates Src kinases in an endosomal-dependent manner. It is suggested that Tom1L-1 functions as an anti-oncogene by inhibiting the formation of squamous cell carcinomas in skin.

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Component of the outer dense fibers (ODF) of spermatozoa which could be involved in sperm tail structure, sperm movement and general organization of cellular cytoskeleton.

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Members of the RAS subfamily of GTPases function in signal transduction as GTP/GDP-regulated switches that cycle between inactive GDP- and active GTP-bound states. Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), such as Repac, serve as RAS activators by promoting acquisition of GTP to maintain the active GTP-bound state and are the key link between cell surface receptors and RAS activation. Repac, also known as Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 5 (RAPGEF5), is a 580 amino acid protein that is expressed in brain and testis, with weaker expression in heart, placenta, lung, pancreas and small intestine. Existing as two alternatively spliced isoforms, the Repac gene is conserved in cow, mouse and rat. The gene that encodes Repac maps to human chromosome 7p15.3, with high expression of this region linking to positive response to erlotinib therapy for those with non-small-cell lung cancer.

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Beta-adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine-induced activation of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. The beta-2-adrenergic receptor binds epinephrine with an approximately 3-fold greater affinity than it does norepinephrine.

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Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) stimulates secretion and synthesis of growth hormone (GH), causes somatotroph proliferation and may have direct actions in fetal/placental development, reproduction and immune function. It exerts its action through high-affinity GHRH receptors present in the anterior pituitary. GSH-1 (GS homeobox 1) is a 264 amino acid hypothalamic nuclear protein that functions as a transcription factor responsible for maintaining GHRH expression as well as playing an important role in pituitary development. Coexpression of CBP leads to significantly enhanced GSH-1-induced GHRH expression, which suggest that CBP may function as a co-activator. Knockdown of GSH-1 mRNA in mice causes a dwarf phenotype, which suggests that certain cases of familial dwarfism may be caused by a mutation of the GSH-1 gene.