"Biotium"

Supplier: Biotium

Smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SM-MHC) is a cytoplasmic structural protein, which is a major component of the contractile apparatus in smooth muscle cells. Expression of smooth muscle myosin is developmentally regulated, appearing early in smooth muscle development, and is specific for smooth muscle development. Two isoforms of smooth muscle myosin heavy chain have been identified, designated MHC-1 and MHC-2. The antibody may be useful for the study of breast tumors as the presence of an intact layer of myoepithelial cells is an important feature, which may distinguish benign breast lesions and carcinoma in situ from invasive tumors.

Supplier: Biotium

Fluorogenic substrates for proteases and peptidases.

Supplier: Biotium

CF™640R antibodies are affinity-purified antibodies labeled with far-red fluorescent CF™640R, a member of the novel CF™ dye series developed by Biotium for labeling proteins and other biomolecules. CF™ dyes are designed to offer advantages in brightness, photostability, and/or specificity compared to other commercial dyes, and are available in colors spanning the visible, far-red, and near-infrared spectra.

Supplier: Biotium

This MAb is specific to c-erbB-2/HER-2 and shows minimal cross-reaction with other members of the family. C-erbB-2/HER-2 is a member of the EGFR family. Receptors of this family are located on the plasma membrane and consist of an extracellular ligand-binding domain that is connected to a large intracellular domain by a single transmembrane sequence. c-erbB-2/HER-2 protein is over-expressed in a variety of carcinomas especially those of breast and ovary.

Supplier: Biotium

Recognizes a 53 kDa protein, which is identified as p53 suppressor gene product. It reacts with the mutant as well as the wild form of p53 under denaturing and non-denaturing conditions. Its epitope maps within the N-terminus (aa 20-25) of p53 oncoprotein. p53 is a tumor suppressor gene expressed in a wide variety of tissue types and is involved in regulating cell growth, replication, and apoptosis. It binds to MDM2, SV40 T antigen and human papilloma virus E6 protein. Positive nuclear staining with p53 antibody has been reported to be a negative prognostic factor in breast carcinoma, lung carcinoma, colorectal, and urothelial carcinoma. Anti-p53 positivity has also been used to differentiate uterine serous carcinoma from endometrioid carcinoma as well as to detect intratubular germ cell neoplasia. Mutations involving p53 are found in a wide variety of malignant tumors, including breast, ovarian, bladder, colon, lung, and melanoma.

Supplier: Biotium

This antibody recognizes actin of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle cells. It is not reactive with other mesenchymal cells except for myoepithelium. Actin can be resolved on the basis of its isoelectric points into three distinctive components: alpha, beta, and gamma in order of increasing isoelectric point. Anti-muscle specific actin recognizes alpha and gamma isotypes of all muscle groups. Non-muscle cells such as vascular endothelial cells and connective tissues are non-reactive. Also, neoplastic cells of non-muscle-derived tissue such as carcinomas, melanomas, and lymphomas are negative.It stains tumors of smooth muscle (leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas) as well as skeletal muscle (rhabdomyomas and rhabdomyosarcomas).

Supplier: Biotium

Cytokeratin 14 (CK14) belongs to the type I (or A or acidic) subfamily of low molecular weight keratins and exists in combination with keratin 5 (type II or B or basic). CK14 is found in basal cells of squamous epithelia, some glandular epithelia, myoepithelium, and mesothelial cells. Anti-CK14 is useful in differentiating squamous cell carcinomas from poorly differentiated epithelial tumors. Anti-CK14 is one of the specific basal markers for distinguishing between basal and non-basal subtypes of breast carcinomas. Anti-CK14 is also a good marker for differentiation of intraductal from invasive salivary duct carcinoma by the positive staining of basal cells surrounding the in-situ neoplasm as well as for differentiation of benign prostate from prostate carcinoma. Furthermore, this antibody has been useful in separating oncocytic tumors of the kidney from its renal mimics, and in identifying metaplastic carcinomas of the breast.

Supplier: Biotium

Recognizes a myeloid associated differentiation antigen in the cytoplasm of mature granulocytes. It shows no reactivity with any other cell type in human tissues. Markers of myeloid cells are useful in the identification of different levels of cellular differentiation. It reacts with early precursor and mature forms of human and monkey myeloid cells. This MAb is useful for the detection of myeloid leukemias and granulocytic sarcomas. It can be used as a marker of granulocytes in normal tissues or inflammatory processes.

Supplier: Biotium

This MAb recognizes a protein of 170 kDa, identified as EGFR. EGFR is type I receptor tyrosine kinase with sequence homology to erbB-1, -2, -3 -4 or HER-1, -2, -3 -4. It binds to Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF), Transforming Growth Factor-a (TGF-a), Heparin-binding EGF (HB-EGF), amphiregulin, βcellulin and epiregulin. EGFR is overexpressed in tumors of breast, brain, bladder, lung, gastric, head & neck, esophagus, cervix, vulva, ovary, and endometrium. It is predominantly present in squamous cell carcinomas.

Supplier: Biotium

Recognizes a cell surface glycoprotein of 80-95 kDa (CD44) on lymphocytes, monocytes, and granulocytes (Leucocyte Typing Workshop V). Its epitope is resistant to digestion by trypsin and chymotrypsin. This MAb selectively interferes with lymphocyte binding to lymph node, mucosal and synovial endothelium. The CD44 family of glycoproteins exists in a number of variant isoforms, the most common being the standard 85-95 kDa or hematopoietic variant (CD44s). Higher molecular weight isoforms are described in epithelial cells (CD44v), which are believed to function in intercellular adhesion and stromal binding. CD44 immunostaining is commonly used for the discrimination of urothelial transitional cell carcinoma in-situ from non-neoplastic changes in the urothelium.

Supplier: Biotium

Recognizes a 53 kDa protein, identified as the Ornithine Decarboxylase (ODC-1). ODC is the initial and rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of polyamines and is involved in the conversion of ornithine to putrescine. The biological activity of ODC-1 is rapidly induced in response to virtually all agents known to promote cell proliferation including hormones, drugs, growth factors, mitogens, and tumor promoters. Reportedly, ODC mRNA levels are elevated in lung carcinomas as well as in colon adenomas and carcinomas. ODC activity in colorectal carcinomas is greater than those in adenomas and normal mucosa.

Supplier: Biotium

5-CR6G (full name: 5-Carboxyrhodamine 6G, hydrochloride, single isomer) is the free acid form of 5-carboxyrhodamine 6G single isomer.

Supplier: Biotium

This antibody recognizes an antigen associated with the nuclear membrane in human cells. It can be used to stain the nuclear membrane in cell or tissue preparations and can be used as a marker of the nuclear membrane in subcellular fractions. It produces a ring pattern around the nucleus of cells of normal and malignant cells and may be used to stain the nuclear membrane of cells in fixed or frozen tissue sections. It can be used with paraformaldehyde fixed frozen tissue or cell preparations and formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections.,The nuclear envelope (also known as the perinuclear envelope, nuclear membrane, nucleolemma or karyotheca) is the double membrane of the nucleus that encloses genetic material in eukaryotic cells. It separates the contents of the nucleus (DNA in particular) from the cytosol (cytoplasm). Numerous nuclear pores are present on the nuclear envelope to facilitate and regulate the exchange of materials (for example, proteins and RNA) between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. The space between the two membranes that make up the nuclear envelope is called the perinuclear space (also called the perinuclear cisterna), and is usually about 20 - 40 nm wide. Each of the two membranes is composed of a lipid bilayer. The outer membrane is continuous with the rough endoplasmic reticulum. The inner membrane is erected upon the nuclear lamina, a network of intermediate filaments made of lamin, that plays a role in mitosis and meiosis. The type of lamins present are A, B1, B2, and C. The nuclear envelope may also play a role in the disposition of chromatin inside the nucleus. The lamina acts as a site of attachment for chromosomes. It also acts like a shield for the nucleus. During prophase in mitosis, the chromatids begin condensing to form chromosomes, and the nuclear envelope begins to disintegrate. During metaphase, the nuclear envelope is completely disintegrated, and the chromosomes can be pulled apart as chromatids by the spindle fibers.

Supplier: Biotium

This MAb recognizes cytokeratin 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 13, and 18. This is a broad-spectrum antibody, which has been reported to differentiate epithelial tumors from non-epithelial tumors. Many studies have shown the usefulness of keratins as markers in cancer research and tumor diagnosis.

Supplier: Biotium

This antibody reacts with the C-terminus of TGF alpha and shows no cross-reaction with EGF and the neuropeptide synenkephalin. The staining with Ab-1 is completely blocked by the peptide used for raising this antibody. TGF alpha (aa50) is a growth factor with 33% homology to EGF, binds to EGFR, activates tyrosine phosphorylation of the receptor, and stimulates cell proliferation. It plays a role in tumor initiation by inducing the reversible transformed phenotype.

Supplier: Biotium

Anti-IgG Donkey Polyclonal Antibody (CF™ 770)