"Biosensis"

Supplier: Biosensis

The LR³IGF-I Rapid™ ELISA Kit consists of a complete set of reagents and pre-coated plate to allow immediate assay of LR³IGF-I in culture media. Included in the kit are mouse monoclonal anti- LR³IGF-I capture antibody pre-coated onto an ELISA plate, standard LR³IGF-I protein, a biotinylated anti- LR³IGF-I detection antibody and horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated streptavidin. The addition of a substrate (3,3’,5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine, TMB) yields a coloured reaction product which is directly proportional to the concentration of LR³IGF-I present in samples and the supplied protein standard.

Supplier: Biosensis

FUNCTION: Nerve growth factor is important for the development and maintenance of the sympathetic and sensory nervous systems. It stimulates division and differentiation of sympathetic and embryonic sensory neurons. SUBUNIT: Homodimer, associated by noncovalent forces. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NGF-beta family.

Supplier: Biosensis

Alpha synuclein is an abundant 140 amino acid neuronal protein, expressed primarily at presynaptic terminals in the central nervous system. FUNCTION: May be involved in the regulation of dopamine release and transport. Soluble protein, normally localized primarily at the presynaptic region of axons, which can form filamentous aggregates that are the major non amyloid component of intracellular inclusions in several neurodegenerative diseases (synucleinopathies). Induces fibrillization of microtubule-associated protein tau. Reduces neuronal responsiveness to various apoptotic stimuli, leading to a decreased caspase 3 activation. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed principally in brain but is also expressed in low concentrations in all tissues examined except in liver. Concentrated in presynaptic nerve terminals.SUBUNIT: Soluble monomer which can form filamentous aggregates. Interacts with UCHL1. Interacts with phospholipase D and histones. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Membrane. Nucleus. Note=Membrane-bound in dopaminergic neurons. Also found in the nucleus. ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: 3 named isoforms produced by alternative splicing. Additional isoforms seem to exist.

Supplier: Biosensis

Adenylate cyclases are enzymes which interact with and are activated by the GTP bound alpha subunits of trimeric G-proteins. Activated adenylate cyclases are responsible for the production of the important "second messenger" signalling molecule cyclic-AMP, which is generated from ATP. The type III adenylate cyclase enzyme is localized in the membranes surrounding the cilia in neurons, and our antibody is an excellent marker of neuronal cilia in the brain and in cells in tissue culture. Adenylate cyclase type III is a large complex molecule of, in the human, 1145 amino acids with a deduced molecular weight of 129kDa. The protein may be variably glycosylated, so that on SDS-PAGE and western blots it runs as a diffuse band of about 160kDa in cortex and about 200kDa in olfactory epithelium. The molecule has a complex structure, with 12 transmembrane domains and two cyclase domains. Each cyclase domain is immediately C-terminal to 6 transmembrane segments, but only the second, C-terminal cyclase is believed to be catalytically active.

Supplier: Biosensis

Ghrelin is the ligand for growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1 (GHSR) and upon binding to the receptor it induces the release of growth hormone from the pituitary. This ligand has an appetite-stimulating effect and is involved in growth regulation (Ref: SWISSPROT).

Supplier: Biosensis

Tyrosine hydroxylase is an excellent marker for dopaminergic and noradrenergic neurons. Tyrosine hydroxylase (a.k.a. tyrosine 3-monooxygenase) is the enzyme responsible for catalyzing the conversion of the amino acid L-tyrosine to L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA). L-DOPA is a precursor for dopamine, which, in turn, is a precursor for the important neurotransmitters norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and epinephrine (adrenaline). Tyrosine hydroxylase catalyzes the rate limiting step in this synthesis of catecholamines. In humans, tyrosine hydroxylase is encoded by the TH gene, and the enzyme is present in the central nervous system (CNS), peripheral symphatic neurons and the adrenal medulla. The enzymatic activity of TH requires ferrous ions as cofactors and is believed to be regulated by phosphorylation. At least four isoforms of human TH have been identified which result from alternative splicing. Tyrosine hydroxylase, phenylalanine hydroxylase and tryptophan hydroxylase together make up the family of aromatic amino acid hydroxylases (AAAHs). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrosine_hydroxylase

Supplier: Biosensis

Lipid phosphate phosphohydrolase 3 (LPP3) is a member of the phosphatidic acid phosphatase (PAP) family. LPP3 catalyzes the conversion of phosphatidic acid to diacylglycerol. In addition it hydrolyzes lysophosphatidic acid, ceramide-1-phosphate and sphingosine-1-phosphate (Ref: SWISSPROT).

Supplier: Biosensis

FUNCTION: Promotes microtubule assembly and stability, and might be involved in the establishment and maintenance of neuronal polarity. The C-terminus binds axonal microtubules while the N-terminus binds neural plasma membrane components, suggesting that tau functions as a linker protein between both. Axonal polarity is predetermined by tau localization (in the neuronal cell) in the domain of the cell body defined by the centrosome. The short isoforms allow plasticity of the cytoskeleton whereas the longer isoforms may preferentially play a role in its stabilization.  SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm; cytosol. Cell membrane. Mostly found in the axons of neurons, in the cytosol and in association with plasma membrane components. ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: 8 named isoforms produced by alternative splicing. Additional isoforms seem to exist. Isoforms differ from each other by the presence or absence of up to 5 of the 15 exons. One of these optional exons contains the additional tau/MAP repeat. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in neurons. Isoform PNS-tau is expressed in the peripheral nervous system while the others are expressed in the central nervous system. DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Four-repeat (type II) tau is expressed in an adult-specific manner and is not found in fetal brain, whereas three-repeat (type I) tau is found in both adult and fetal brain. DOMAIN: The tau/MAP repeat binds to tubulin. In Alzheimer disease, the neuronal cytoskeleton in the brain is progressively disrupted and replaced by tangles of paired helical filaments  and straight filaments, mainly composed of hyperphosphorylated forms of Microtubule-associated protein Tau. Defects in Microtubule-associated protein Tau are a cause of frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17, as well as a number of other neurodegenerative diseases.

Supplier: Biosensis

Photoreceptor required for image-forming vision at low light intensity. Required for photoreceptor cell viability after birth (By similarity). Light-induced isomerization of 11-cis to all-trans retinal triggers a conformational change that activates signaling via G-proteins (PubMed:10926528, PubMed:12044163, PubMed:11972040, PubMed:16908857, PubMed:16586416, PubMed:17060607, PubMed:17449675, PubMed:18818650, PubMed:21389983, PubMed:22198838, PubMed:23579341, PubMed:25205354, PubMed:27458239). Subsequent receptor phosphorylation mediates displacement of the bound G-protein alpha subunit by the arrestin SAG and terminates signaling (PubMed:1396673, PubMed:15111114). Ref: uniprot.org

Supplier: Biosensis

Myelin is a membrane characteristic of the nervous tissue and functions as an insulator to increase the velocity of the stimuli being transmitted between a nerve cell body and its target. Myelin isolated from human and bovine nervous tissue is composed of approximately 80% lipid and 20% protein, and 30% of the protein fraction constitutes myelin basic protein (MBP). MBP is an 'intrinsically unstructured' protein with a high proportion (approximately 75%) of random coil, but postulated to have core elements of beta-sheet and alpha-helix. MBP is a major protein in CNS myelin and is expressed specifically in the nervous system. A detailed immunochemical examination of monoclonal and polyclonal antibody responses to MBP and its peptides has revealed the existence of as many as 27 antigenic determinants, many of them conformational. Topological mapping of the potential antigenic determinants onto a model of MBP secondary structure places these determinants within 11 separate regions of the molecule, including those portions that have been found to be encephalitogenic. The message for myelin basic protein is selectively translocated to the ends of the cell processes. Immunization with myelin-associated antigens including MBP significantly promotes recovery after spinal cord contusion injury in the rat model. FUNCTION: Is, with PLP, the most abundant protein component of the myelin membrane in the CNS. Has a role in both the formation and stabilization of this compact multilayer arrangement of bilayers. Each splice variant and charge isomer may have a specialized function in the assembly of an optimized, biochemically functional myelin membrane (By similarity). SUBUNIT: Homodimer (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Myelin membrane; peripheral membrane protein; cytoplasmic side. Cytoplasmic side of myelin. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Found in both the central and the peripheral nervous system.

Supplier: Biosensis

Beta-synuclein is a non-amyloid component of senile plaques found in Alzheimer disease. It could act as a regulator of SNCA aggregation. It protects neurons from staurosporine and 6 hydroxy dopamine -stimulated capspase activation in a p53-dependent manner. It localises to the cytoplasm and it is predominantly expressed in the brain where it is most concentrated in presynaptic nerve terminals. This protein is phosphorylated. This protein is also associated with the disease Brain iron accumulation type 1 (NBIA1).

Supplier: Biosensis

Nicastrin, a type 1 membrane glycoprotein, is an essential component of the gamma secretase complex which is critical for the cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein and other membrane proteins. Nicastrin is widely expressed in different tissue types. This antibody reacts with immature forms of Nicastrin. Detection of higher mol. wt. mature forms is likely to be blocked by glycosylation in this region of the protein.

Supplier: Biosensis

Somatostatin is secreted by neuroendocrine neurons in hypothalamus and interacts with somatostatin receptors inhibiting secretion of somatotropin.

Supplier: Biosensis

A proprietary preparation of human amyloid beta peptide (amino acids 1-42) that was initially monomerized by HFIP-treatment and then allowed to form oligomers by the procedure described in Youmans KL et al., 2012, followed by lyophilisation using Biosensis’ proprietary stabilization procedures.

The resulting oligomeric mixture has been specially designed to allow the formation of stable, oligomeric Aβ1-42 peptide, multimeric complexes or oligomers. The material is intended to be used as a stable and consistent standard or positive control for oligomeric ELISA assays, as well as other research applications. This product is supplied as 2 x 500 ng vials, each containing lyophilized Aβ oligomers. Note that the amount of provided oligomeric protein is based on the amount of monomeric Aβ used to form these oligomers. The precise formation, size and number of oligomers cannot be quantified by any known method.

Supplier: Biosensis

Presenilin-1 (PSEN1) is a multi-pass membrane protein and component of the gamma-secretase complex. PSEN1 is thought to play a role in intracellular signaling and gene expression or in linking chromatin to the nuclear membrane. It may also play a role in hematopoiesis. Defects in PSEN1 are a cause of Alzheimer disease type 3 (AD3), a familial early-onset form of Alzheimer disease (Ref:SWISS-Prot).

Supplier: Biosensis

The Biosensis NGFR/p75ECD Rapid™ enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit is a sandwich ELISA that allows the quantification of the extracellular domain (ECD) of mouse p75 neurotrophin receptor in less than 4 hours in cell culture supernatants and urine only if used as directed.