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DL-α-Tocopherol (Vitamin E)

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Oxido-squalene cyclase inhibitor

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Cell permeable non-tubulin-interacting mitosis inhibitor. Blocks mitosis (IC50=14µM) by binding to the mitotic kinesin Eg5.

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pH indicator

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Produced in E. coli.

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Agrin is an essential extracellular matrix component which promotes clustering of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and other proteins during development at the neuromuscular junction. Agrin, MuSK and Rapsyn are all essential components for AChR aggregation through an unknown mechanism. The C-terminal region of agrin is released into the medium, interacts with receptors on the muscle surface, and induces AChR aggregation. The central region contains two O-linked glycosylation sites and a domain homologous to domain III of laminin. The N-terminal region anchors agrin to the extracellular matrix via other basal membrane components. This region also contains a protease inhibitor domain and glycosaminoglycan attachment sites, increasing the predicted MW from 200kDa to ~600kDa. The diagram shown indicates the domain structure and functional regions of agrin, as well as domains required for AChR aggregation and alpha-dystroglycan and heparin binding.  Various agrin isoforms are generated by alternative splicing at the X, Y and Z sites, and differ in the presence or absence of small inserts. The isoforms can determine the biological activity of agrin and their expression in specific tissues and stages of development. While no difference in functional activity has been detected between splicing variants at site X, insertion of a 4 aa peptide at site Y modestly increases agrins nAChR clustering activity. Insertion of an 8 aa peptide at splicing site Z increases the clustering activity of soluble rat agrin 10,000 fold.

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Cell-permeable pyrrazolopyrimidine derivative that inhibits AMP kinase (Ki=109nM in the absence of AMP) in an ATP-competitive manner. It displays no significant inhibition of ZAPK, SYK, PKCT, PKA and JAK3. Decreases food intake in mice and inhibits the effects of AICAR and metformin. It has been shown to inhibit BMP type I receptors ALK2, ALK3 and ALK6. Promotes cardiomyogenesis in mouse embryonic stem cells. Induces protective autophagy in cancer cell lines.

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Synaptotagmins (Syt) are membrane-trafficking proteins characterized by an N-terminal transmembrane region, a variable linker, and two C-terminal C2-domains, C2A and C2B. At least twelve Synaptotagamins are expressed in vertebrates and can be found in both vesicular and plasma membranes.

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Inhibitor of caspase-1 and -4

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Produced in E. coli. Human IL-1β (interleukin-1β) (aa 117-270) is fused to a linker peptide (10 aa) and an N-terminal FLAG®-tag.

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Host: Rabbit

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Isolated from bovine lung by an immunoaffinity method.

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Anti-Enhancer for Ligands Monoclonal Antibody

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NOS inhibitor

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Membrin, also known as GS27 (Golgi SNARE of 27K), is an integral membrane protein present on the surface of the Golgi apparatus. GS27 is a member of a protein complex that consists of cis-Golgi vesicle receptor syntaxin 5 and GS28, v-SNARE rbet1 and Rsec22, and Rsly1. These complexes are postulated to direct the fusion of ER-derived vesicles with vesicular tubular cluster (VTC), and the fusion of VTCs to form cis-Golgi compartment.

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IKK inhibitor

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Hedgehog (Hh) pathway blocker.

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HETEs are byproducts generated by the metabolism of arachidonic acid by lipoxygenases. 12(S)-HETE is the stereospecific hydroxy product from the reduction of 12(S)-hydroperoxy tetraenoic eicosatetraenoic acid [12(S)-HpETE], which itself is a 12-lipoxygenase metabolite of arachidonic acid. 12(S)-HETE is chemotactic and chemokinetic for polymorphonuclear leukocytes and vascular smooth muscle cells. It also acts as a second messenger in angiotensin-II induced aldosterone production. 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid [15(S)-HETE] is the major hydroxy derivative of arachidonic acid when acted upon by 15-lipoxygenase. It is also the primary monohydroxy acid synthesized by the lipoxygenase activity of Cyclooxygenase-1 upon linoleic acid. 15(S)-HETE acts as a paracrine regulator of smooth muscle and lung neutrophil recruitment, and elevated levels of 15(S)-HETE are associated with asthma, rhinitis, chronic paranasal sinusitis and rheumatoid arthritis.

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Antitumor and anti-HIV agent

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Nitric oxide (NO) spin-trapping reagent. Thiol and iron chelator. Inhibits induction of macrophage nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Has been shown to be an inhibitor of the nuclear transcription factor κB (NF-κB).

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Beneficial effects in cardiovascular diseases and inflammation.

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L(-)-Glutathion (redukovaná forma)

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Widely used diabetes inducer in rodents. Inhibition of β-cell O-GlcNAcase by streptozotocin is the mechanism that accounts for its diabetogenic toxicity. N-nitroso-containing antibiotic, acting as a nitric oxide (NO) donor and vasorelaxant. Relaxes phenylephrine-contracted aortic rings at 10µM. Potent methylating agent for DNA.

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Syntaxins are type II integral membrane proteins localized to membranes that regulate vesicle transport, protein maturation, and exocytosis. Syntaxin 1A resides in the nerve terminals of sensory neurons and nerve fibers reaching small blood vessels. Syntaxin 2 localizes to the apical plasma membrane and regulates epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. Syntaxin 6 is primarily localized to the trans-Golgi network, and partially co-localizes with AP-1 on clathrin-coated membranes. Syntaxin 13 is ubiquitously expressed and localizes to the tubular early and recycling endosomes, as well as endosomal vacuoles.

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PARP5a inhibitor

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Inhibits α-mannosidase. Inhibits asparagine-linked oligosaccharide processing. Immunomodulator.

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Sterile, double distilled endotoxin-free water for use with TLRgrade™ or endotoxin-free grade reagents.

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Host: Rat, Isotype: IgG1

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Gold 550 [Cyanine-3E] dUTP is a cyanine-3 derivative with enhanced spectral properties. This nucleotide analogue can replace TTP in reactions in which it serves as a substrate for E.coli DNA polymerase (holoenzyme and Klenow fragment), T4 and Taq DNA polymerases, reverse transcriptase (from AMV and M-MuLV) and terminal transferase.

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Produced in Sf9 cells. Active, full length protein kinase C mu (PKCµ, protein kinase D, PKD) is fused at the N-terminus to a GST-tag.