"Other Essentials"

Supplier: ProSci Inc.

The ALAD enzyme is composed of 8 identical subunits and catalyzes the condensation of 2 molecules of delta-aminolevulinate to form porphobilinogen (a precursor of heme, cytochromes and other hemoproteins). ALAD catalyzes the second step in the porphyrin and heme biosynthetic pathway; zinc is essential for enzymatic activity. ALAD enzymatic activity is inhibited by lead and a defect in the ALAD structural gene can cause increased sensitivity to lead poisoning and acute hepatic porphyria.The ALAD enzyme is composed of 8 identical subunits and catalyzes the condensation of 2 molecules of delta-aminolevulinate to form porphobilinogen (a precursor of heme, cytochromes and other hemoproteins). ALAD catalyzes the second step in the porphyrin and heme biosynthetic pathway; zinc is essential for enzymatic activity. ALAD enzymatic activity is inhibited by lead and a defect in the ALAD structural gene can cause increased sensitivity to lead poisoning and acute hepatic porphyria. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified.

Supplier: Bioss

RNA exonuclease that binds to the 3'-end of histone mRNAs and degrades them, suggesting that it plays an essential role in histone mRNA decay after replication. A 2' and 3'-hydroxyl groups at the last nucleotide of the histone 3'-end is required for efficient degradation of RNA substrates. Also able to degrade the 3'-overhangs of short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) in vitro, suggesting a possible role as regulator of RNA interference (RNAi). Requires for binding the 5'-ACCCA-3' sequence present in stem-loop structure. Able to bind other mRNAs. Required for 5,8S rRNA 3'-end processing. Also binds to 5,8S ribosomal RNA. Binds with high affinity to the stem-loop structure of replication-dependent histone pre-mRNAs.

Supplier: Abcam

Anti-TATA binding protein TBP antibody [mAbcam51841] is a Mouse Monoclonal antibody that is used in TATA binding protein TBP ChIP, IHC-P, IP, Western Blot. Suitable for Human, Mouse, Rat samples. The TATA-binding protein (TBP) is a crucial transcription factor that binds to the TATA box, a specific DNA sequence found in the promoter region of many genes. By binding to the TATA box, TBP helps recruit RNA polymerase II and other transcription factors, facilitating the initiation of gene transcription. This process is essential for regulating gene expression and ensuring the proper production of proteins necessary for various cellular functions.

Supplier: Bioss

RNA exonuclease that binds to the 3'-end of histone mRNAs and degrades them, suggesting that it plays an essential role in histone mRNA decay after replication. A 2' and 3'-hydroxyl groups at the last nucleotide of the histone 3'-end is required for efficient degradation of RNA substrates. Also able to degrade the 3'-overhangs of short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) in vitro, suggesting a possible role as regulator of RNA interference (RNAi). Requires for binding the 5'-ACCCA-3' sequence present in stem-loop structure. Able to bind other mRNAs. Required for 5,8S rRNA 3'-end processing. Also binds to 5,8S ribosomal RNA. Binds with high affinity to the stem-loop structure of replication-dependent histone pre-mRNAs.

Supplier: Bioss

RNA exonuclease that binds to the 3'-end of histone mRNAs and degrades them, suggesting that it plays an essential role in histone mRNA decay after replication. A 2' and 3'-hydroxyl groups at the last nucleotide of the histone 3'-end is required for efficient degradation of RNA substrates. Also able to degrade the 3'-overhangs of short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) in vitro, suggesting a possible role as regulator of RNA interference (RNAi). Requires for binding the 5'-ACCCA-3' sequence present in stem-loop structure. Able to bind other mRNAs. Required for 5,8S rRNA 3'-end processing. Also binds to 5,8S ribosomal RNA. Binds with high affinity to the stem-loop structure of replication-dependent histone pre-mRNAs.

Supplier: Bioss

RNA exonuclease that binds to the 3'-end of histone mRNAs and degrades them, suggesting that it plays an essential role in histone mRNA decay after replication. A 2' and 3'-hydroxyl groups at the last nucleotide of the histone 3'-end is required for efficient degradation of RNA substrates. Also able to degrade the 3'-overhangs of short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) in vitro, suggesting a possible role as regulator of RNA interference (RNAi). Requires for binding the 5'-ACCCA-3' sequence present in stem-loop structure. Able to bind other mRNAs. Required for 5,8S rRNA 3'-end processing. Also binds to 5,8S ribosomal RNA. Binds with high affinity to the stem-loop structure of replication-dependent histone pre-mRNAs.

Supplier: G-Biosciences

Concanavalin A (Con A) agarose consists of Con A coupled to 6% agarose by the cyanogen bromide method. Con A is a tetrameric metalloprotein lectin isolated from Canavalia ensiformis (jack bean). It is used for the purification of glycoproteins, polysaccharides and glycolipids as it binds molecules containing α-D-mannopyranosyl, α-D-glucopyranosyl and sterically related residues. It has also be used in other application areas including purification of enzyme-antibody conjugates, purification of IgM and separation of membrane vesicles. As stated above, it is a metalloprotein and to maintain its binding characteristics the presence of both Mn²⁺ and Ca²⁺ is essential. Each subunit of Con A utilises one calcium and one manganese ion and these cations can be removed under acidic conditions abolishing the carbohydrate-binding activity.

Supplier: ProSci Inc.

Human proteins MECP2, MBD1, MBD2, MBD3, and MBD4 comprise a family of nuclear proteins related by the presence in each of a methyl-CpG binding domain (MBD). Each of these proteins, with the exception of MBD3, is capable of binding specifically to methylated DNA. MECP2, MBD1 and MBD2 can also repress transcription from methylated gene promoters. In contrast to other MBD family members, MECP2 is X-linked and subject to X inactivation. MECP2 is dispensible in stem cells, but is essential for embryonic development. MECP2 gene mutations are the cause of some cases of Rett syndrome, a progressive neurologic developmental disorder and one of the most common causes of mental retardation in females.DNA methylation is the major modification of eukaryotic genomes and plays an essential role in mammalian development. Human proteins MECP2, MBD1, MBD2, MBD3, and MBD4 comprise a family of nuclear proteins related by the presence in each of a methyl-CpG binding domain (MBD). Each of these proteins, with the exception of MBD3, is capable of binding specifically to methylated DNA. MECP2, MBD1 and MBD2 can also repress transcription from methylated gene promoters. In contrast to other MBD family members, MECP2 is X-linked and subject to X inactivation. MECP2 is dispensible in stem cells, but is essential for embryonic development. MECP2 gene mutations are the cause of some cases of Rett syndrome, a progressive neurologic developmental disorder and one of the most common causes of mental retardation in females.

Supplier: Bioss

RNA exonuclease that binds to the 3'-end of histone mRNAs and degrades them, suggesting that it plays an essential role in histone mRNA decay after replication. A 2' and 3'-hydroxyl groups at the last nucleotide of the histone 3'-end is required for efficient degradation of RNA substrates. Also able to degrade the 3'-overhangs of short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) in vitro, suggesting a possible role as regulator of RNA interference (RNAi). Requires for binding the 5'-ACCCA-3' sequence present in stem-loop structure. Able to bind other mRNAs. Required for 5,8S rRNA 3'-end processing. Also binds to 5,8S ribosomal RNA. Binds with high affinity to the stem-loop structure of replication-dependent histone pre-mRNAs.

Supplier: Bioss

Mapping to chromosome 21, the FASP1 gene (FAPP1-associated protein 1) encodes a 233 amino acid protein that is homologous to the fission yeast protein Mis18. In yeast, Mis18 is localized to the centrosome and forms a complex with Mis16 to maintain the deacetylated state of histones specifically in the central core of centromeres. FASP1, also known as Protein Mis18-alpha and C21orf45, is required for the recruitment of CENP-A to centrosomes and is thereby essential for normal chromosome segregation during mitosis. With expression in testis, FASP1 exists as a homodimer, a heterodimer with MIS18B or is present in a complex containing other Mis18 family members. FASP1 has been shown to bind to pp5644 in Hela cells, where overexpression of pp5644 leads to inhibited growth and colony formation.

Supplier: ProSci Inc.

CDC23 shares strong similarity with Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cdc23, a protein essential for cell cycle progression through the G2/M transition. This protein is a component of anaphase-promoting complex (APC), which is composed of eight protein subunits and highly conserved in eukaryotic cells. APC catalyzes the formation of cyclin B-ubiquitin conjugate that is responsible for the ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis of B-type cyclins. This protein and 3 other members of the APC complex contain the TPR (tetratricopeptide repeat), a protein domain important for protein-protein interaction.The protein encoded by this gene shares strong similarity with Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cdc23, a protein essential for cell cycle progression through the G2/M transition. This protein is a component of anaphase-promoting complex (APC), which is composed of eight protein subunits and highly conserved in eucaryotic cells. APC catalyzes the formation of cyclin B-ubiquitin conjugate that is responsible for the ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis of B-type cyclins. This protein and 3 other members of the APC complex contain the TPR (tetratricopeptide repeat), a protein domain important for protein-protein interaction.

Supplier: Bioss

Mapping to chromosome 21, the FASP1 gene (FAPP1-associated protein 1) encodes a 233 amino acid protein that is homologous to the fission yeast protein Mis18. In yeast, Mis18 is localized to the centrosome and forms a complex with Mis16 to maintain the deacetylated state of histones specifically in the central core of centromeres. FASP1, also known as Protein Mis18-alpha and C21orf45, is required for the recruitment of CENP-A to centrosomes and is thereby essential for normal chromosome segregation during mitosis. With expression in testis, FASP1 exists as a homodimer, a heterodimer with MIS18B or is present in a complex containing other Mis18 family members. FASP1 has been shown to bind to pp5644 in Hela cells, where overexpression of pp5644 leads to inhibited growth and colony formation.

Supplier: Bioss

The protease enzyme Lethal Factor (LF) is one of the three proteins (LF, EF & PA) composing the anthrax toxin produced by Bacillus anthracis, a bacteria which can infect many mammalian species and that may be fatal. LF is not toxic by itself, but when associated with Protective Antigen (PA), can then gain entry to cells. Once inside the cell, LF then cleaves the N terminal of most dual specificity mitogen activated protein kinase kinases (MAPKKs or MAP2Ks) (except for MAP2K5). Cleavage invariably occurs within the N terminal proline rich region preceding the kinase domain, thus disrupting a sequence involved in directing specific protein protein interactions necessary for the assembly of signaling complexes. There may be other cytosolic targets of LF involved in cytotoxicity. The proteasome may mediate a toxic process initiated by LF in the cell cytosol involving degradation of unidentified molecules that are essential for macrophage homeostasis. This is an early step in LF intoxication, but it is downstream of the cleavage by LF of MEK1 or other putative substrates.

Supplier: Bioss

The encoded protein is synthesized mainly in corticotroph cells of the anterior pituitary where four cleavage sites are used; adrenocorticotrophin, essential for normal steroidogenesis and the maintenance of normal adrenal weight, and lipotropin beta are the major end products. In other tissues, including the hypothalamus, placenta, and epithelium, all cleavage sites may be used, giving rise to peptides with roles in pain and energy homeostasis, melanocyte stimulation, and immune modulation. These include several distinct melanotropins, lipotropins, and endorphins that are contained within the adrenocorticotrophin and beta-lipotropin peptides. Mutations in this gene have been associated with early onset obesity, adrenal insufficiency, and red hair pigmentation. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been described.

Supplier: Bioss

Dual specificity protein kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. Essential component of the stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAP/JNK) signaling pathway. With MAP2K7/MKK7, is the one of the only known kinase to directly activate the stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinases MAPK8/JNK1, MAPK9/JNK2 and MAPK10/JNK3. MAP2K4/MKK4 and MAP2K7/MKK7 both activate the JNKs by phosphorylation, but they differ in their preference for the phosphorylation site in the Thr-Pro-Tyr motif. MAP2K4 shows preference for phosphorylation of the Tyr residue and MAP2K7/MKK7 for the Thr residue. The phosphorylation of the Thr residue by MAP2K7/MKK7 seems to be the prerequisite for JNK activation at least in response to proinflammatory cytokines, while other stimuli activate both MAP2K4/MKK4 and MAP2K7/MKK7 which synergistically phosphorylate JNKs. MAP2K4 is required for maintaining peripheral lymphoid homeostasis. The MKK/JNK signaling pathway is also involved in mitochondrial death signaling pathway, including the release cytochrome c, leading to apoptosis. Whereas MAP2K7/MKK7 exclusively activates JNKs, MAP2K4/MKK4 additionally activates the p38 MAPKs MAPK11, MAPK12, MAPK13 and MAPK14.

Supplier: ProSci Inc.

CRB2 Antibody: CRB2 (Crumbs homolog 2), like its homologs CRB1 and CRB3, is similar to the Drosophila crumbs protein and is expressed in retina, brain and kidney. Along with other proteins, the Crumbs proteins form a complex that help set up cell polarity in developing neuroepithelial cells. At the onset of neural specification, embryonic stem cells (ESCs) upregulate CRB2, which then localizes apically in neural rosettes. Gain- and loss-of-function studies of CRB2 have shown that CRB2 is essential for the stabilization of other polarity proteins. Unlike CRB1, mutations in CRB2 do not appear to play a role in retinitis pigmentosa or in Leber congenital amaurosis.