977 Résultats pour : « STEMCELL Technologies »

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B cell activating factor (BAFF) is part of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily and is expressed by monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and neutrophils (Mackay and amp; Browning; Scapini et al.). It binds to three receptors: BAFF-R, TACI, and BCMA, all of which are expressed by B cells at various times in their development (Liu and amp; Davidson). BAFF-R signaling activates the NF-kB signaling pathway, and promotes B cell survival, Ig class switching, and antigen presentation (Bossen and amp; Schneider; Liu and amp; Davidson; Naradikian et al.). BAFF also has functions in other cell types: it promotes monocyte survival and activation, proinflammatory cytokine secretion, and differentiation into macrophages (Chang et al.), and co-stimulates anti-CD3-mediated activation of human T cells (Huard et al.; Mackay and amp; Leung).

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Animal component-free non-specific protease.

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GRO (growth-regulated oncogene)-beta or CXCL2 is a member of the CXC family, which plays an integral role in recruitment and activation of neutrophils and basophils in response to tissue injury and microbial infection. GRO-beta and GRO-gamma are closely related to GRO-alpha and share 90% and 86% amino acid sequence homology, respectively, with GRO-alpha. Receptor-binding studies have demonstrated that GRO-alpha, -beta, and -gamma signal mainly through G protein-coupled receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2 (Ahuja and Murphy). GRO-beta is expressed in epithelial cells, monocytes, fibroblasts, and melanocytes and is further induced during inflammatory, epithelialization, and angiogenic processes, for example during the wound healing process of human burn wounds (Zaja-Milatovic and Richmond). GRO-beta also stimulates mitogenesis in certain human melanoma cells (Unemori et al.).

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Stimulating T cells with EBV (EBNA-3B) peptide pool releases downstream cytokines and upregulates activation markers, enabling antigen-specific T cells to be detected or isolated for analysis. EBV (EBNA-3B) Peptide Pool is a lyophilized mixture of 234 peptides from Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen 3B (EBNA-3B) of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV; strain AG876) and consists of 15-mer peptides with 11-amino-acid overlaps that cover amino acids 1 to 946 on EBNA-3B. EBNA-3B is considered non-essential for B cell growth transformation (Chen et al., 2005; Tomkinson and Kieff), but has been shown to regulate the expression of cellular genes in EBV-infected cells (Chen at al., 2006). Viral peptide pools are useful for a broad range of applications, including vaccine development, immunological research, and diagnostic assay development.

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Fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF-7) is a member of the FGF family, and acts exclusively through a subset of FGF receptor isoforms expressed predominantly by epithelial cells (Finch and Rubin). FGF-7 seems to act specifically on epithelial cells and stimulates proliferation, migration, and differentiation of these cells, and also participates in epithelial protection and repair both in vitro and in vivo (Finch and Rubin; Werner). In contrast, FGF-7 is produced solely by cells of mesenchymal origin, and functions as a paracrine mediator of mesenchymal-epithelial communication (Rubin et al.). FGF-7 has also been shown to supplement several wound-healing properties of bioengineered skin (Erdag et al.) and to induce autophagy in human keratinocytes (Belleudi et al.). Additionally, FGF-7 has a role in the differentiation of pluripotent stem cell to endodermal pancreatic-like insulin-producing cells and thymic epithelial cells (Inami et al.; Niu et al.). This product is animal component-free.

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For detection and measurement of mouse ACE2.

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Use visfatin to catalyze the production of nicotinamide mononucleotide from nicotinamide (Revollo et al.). Nicotinamide mononucleotide is a precursor to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) that is vital to energy metabolism, cell death, and other cellular processes (Ying). Visfatin also acts as an immunomodulator by activating leukocytes and inducing the production of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines (Moschen et al.), and there is evidence that visfatin can regulate insulin receptor signaling and insulin secretion (Brown et al.). Belonging to the nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase (NAPRTase) family, Visfatin is an adipokine that is produced in adipocytes, leukocytes, and hepatocytes (Chiu et al., Garten et al., Kralisch et al.). It is active as a homodimer with each identical monomer consisting of two structural domains made up of 19 β-strands and 13 α-helices (Kim et al.). For consistency and reproducibility across your applications, visfatin from STEMCELL comes lyophilized with ≥ 90% purity, and is verified by LAL analysis to ensure endotoxin levels are ≤1.0 EU/μg protein.

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Fibroblast growth factor acidic (FGF-acidic), also known as FGF-1, is a potent activator of DNA synthesis, cell proliferation, and chemotaxis and is known to play numerous roles in development, regeneration, and angiogenesis (Jaye et al.; Galzie et al.; Presta et al.). FGF-acidic is produced by multiple cell types and is capable of activating all cells of mesodermal origin and many cells of neuroectodermal, ectodermal, and endodermal origin. It is found in large quantities in the brain, but is also expressed in hepatocytes, vascular smooth muscle cells, neurons of the CNS, skeletal muscle cells, fibroblasts, keratinocytes, endothelial cells, intestinal columnar epithelial cells, and pituitary basophils and acidophils. FGF-acidic is secreted as a disulfide-linked homodimer and is stored in complex with heparan sulfate, a requirement for its interaction with FGF receptors (Guerrini et al.; Mohammadi et al.). Internalized FGF-acidic signals through protein kinase C and promotes cell survival by inhibiting p53 and proapoptotic signaling (Bouleau et al.).

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Interleukin 15 (IL-15) is a four-alpha helix bundle cytokine with many similar properties to IL-2. The IL-15 receptor is a heterotrimeric receptor composed of IL-15Ra (the high-affinity receptor for IL-15), as well as IL-2/15Rb (CD122) and common gamma chain (CD132). IL-15 binds to IL-15Rα receptor and can then be presented in trans to IL-2/15Rb and common gamma chain on other cells. Trans-presentation is thought to be the major mechanism by which IL-15-mediated responses occur in mice, although may not be necessary in humans (Castillo et al.). The cytoplasmic domains of IL-2/15Rb and common gamma chain mediate signaling to activate JAK/STAT and PI3K pathways. IL-15 supports the survival and proliferation of naïve CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and promotes homeostasis of memory T cells. IL-15 also promotes the survival and differentiation of NK cells and regulates their cytolytic activity (Ma et al.). This product is animal component-free.

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Mouse monoclonal IgG2a antibody against human, rhesus, cynomolgus CD14, unconjugated.

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Interleukin 7 (IL-7) is a member of the type I cytokine family that is critical for T and B cell development and survival. It is produced by non-hematopoietic cells in the thymus, lymphoid organs, and by bone marrow stromal cells (Lundström et al.). IL-7 binds to a receptor (IL-7R) composed of common gamma chain and IL-7Ra (CD127) and signals through the JAK/STAT and PI3K pathways. IL-7 regulates the survival of naïve and memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, γδ T cells, NK T cells, innate lymphoid cells, and regulatory T cells (Carrette and Surh). Although a deficiency in IL-7R still permits the generation of normal numbers of peripheral B cells in humans, stimulation of human B cell precursors with IL-7 could promote STAT5-dependent proliferation and survival in vitro (Clark et al.; Corfe and Paige). This product is animal component-free.

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Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 9 is a pleiotropic member of the FGF family. FGFs are heparin-dependent regulators of cell proliferation and differentiation (Itoh and Ornitz). FGF-9 signals by binding FGFR3 (IIIb) and the IIIc splice variants of the FGFR1, FGFR2, and FGFR3 receptors (Santos-Ocampo et al.; Mohammadi et al.; Plotnikov et al.). In mice, deletion of FGF-9 is lethal and expression of FGF-9 affects development of the skeleton, cerebellum, lungs, heart, vascular system, digestive tract, and testes (Colvin et al.; Harada et al.; Lin et al.). Altered levels of FGF-9 have also been reported in various types of human cancers (Leushacke et al.; Abdel-Rahman et al.).

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Mouse monoclonal IgG2b, kappa isotype control antibody, unconjugated.

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Rat monoclonal IgG2a antibody against human, mouse, cat CD45R (B220), biotin-conjugated.

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Mouse monoclonal IgG1 antibody against human, chimpanzee CD3, PE-conjugated.

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Interleukin 21 (IL-21) is a pleiotropic cytokine that is composed of four α-helical bundles and primarily produced by natural killer T (NKT) cells, T follicular helper (Tfh) cells, and Th17 cells (Spolski and Leonard 2008). IL-21 signals via heterodimers of the IL-21 receptor (IL-21R) and the IL2RG-encoded common cytokine receptor γ-chain (Parrish-Novak et al.; Ozaki K et al. 2000), and utilizes the JAK/STAT, MAPK, and PI3K pathways (Spolski and Leonard 2014). IL-21 has been shown to have a critical role in regulating immunoglobulin production and differentiation of the pro-inflammatory Th17 population of cells (Ozaki et al. 2002; Nurieva et al.). Additionally, IL-21 specifically sustains CD8+ T cell effector activity and provides a mechanism of CD4+ T cell help during chronic viral infection (Elsaesser et al.). IL-21 signaling was also found critical for the development of type 1 diabetes in NOD mice (Sutherland et al.) and control of T cell autoimmunity by regulatory B cells (Yoshizaki et al.). This product is animal component-free.

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Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) is synthesized as an inactive precursor protein or pro-IL-1β. This precursor is cleaved intracellularly by caspase 1 (IL-1β convertase) to form the active form of the protein that is later secreted (Allan et al.). IL-1β binds to IL-1 receptor and activates intracellular signaling via the MAPK or NF-κB pathway. IL-1β is released by monocytes, tissue macrophages, and dendritic cells in response to infection or injury and induces expression of acute-phase proteins. It also promotes the infiltration of inflammatory and immunocompetent cells from the circulation into the extravascular space and affected tissues, by stimulating the expression of adhesion molecules on endothelial cells. IL-1β also affects other immune cells; for example, it co-stimulates T cell functions together with an antigen or mitogen. It also stimulates Th17 differentiation and B cell proliferation in an IL-6-dependent manner.

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Mouse monoclonal IgG1 antibody against human, chimpanzee, horse CD38, unconjugated.

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Chimeric mouse (V), human (C) monoclonal IgG antibody against SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV) S protein (HEK293-expressed recombinant).

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Hamster (Armenian) monoclonal antibody against mouse CD80 (B7-1), APC-conjugated.

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Rat monoclonal IgG2b, kappa isotype control antibody, unconjugated.

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Mouse monoclonal IgG2b antibody against human CD235ab (glycophorin A/B), unconjugated.

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Mouse monoclonal IgG2b antibody against human, rhesus, cynomolgus CD20, unconjugated.

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Goat polyclonal antibody against mouse IgG (H+L).

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Rabbit monoclonal antibody against human Synaptophysin (MRX96).

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Rat monoclonal IgG2a antibody against mouse Ly-6G, unconjugated.

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Mouse monoclonal IgG2a antibody against human, mouse, rat beta-tubulin III, unconjugated.

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Rat monoclonal antibody against mouse CD86 (B7-2), PE-conjugated.

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For detection and measurement of human interleukin 2.

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For detection and measurement of human interleukin 1 beta.