"Biogems"

Supplier: Biogems

The 37.51 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with mouse CD28 molecule, a 45 kDa homodimer. It is expressed on most thymocytes, at low density on most of the CD4+ and CD8+ peripheral T lymphocytes, and on the natural killer cells. It is additionally found on activated splenocytes, mast cells, and thymocytes. CD 28 is a costimulator of T lymphocytes and a ligand for CD80 (B7-1), and CD86 (B7-2). The CD28 signaling stimulates the expression of IL-2 and IL-2 receptor and the cytotoxicity of CD3-activated T lymphocytes.The 37.51 antibody stimulates the proliferation of T lymphocytes and natural killer cells and their respective cytokine production.

Supplier: Biogems

The O323 monoclonal antibody specifically binds to the human CD27, which is a lymphocyte-specific member of the TNF/NGF-R family, expressed on a subset of human thymocytes and the majority of the mature T cells. CD27 is upregulated by T lymphocytes stimulation, and binds to CD70, enhancing the interaction between T and B lymphocytes. CD27 is a marker of memory B cells.

Supplier: Biogems

The OKT3 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with the ε chain of the CD3/T lymphocyte antigen receptor complex. The CD3 complex contains γ, δ, and ε chains, and it is part of the TCR complex, expressed by all mature T lymphocytes and by the thymocyte lineage. CD3 enhances the antigen recognition by signal transduction.The OKT3 antibody is an immunosuppressive, which has proven to be an effective therapeutic agent in liver, heart, and renal allograft rejection.

Supplier: Biogems

The UCHT1 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with the ε chain of the CD3/T lymphocyte antigen receptor complex. The CD3 complex contains γ, δ, and ε chains, and it is part of the TCR complex, expressed by all mature T lymphocytes and by the thymocyte lineage. CD3 enhances the antigen recognition by signal transduction. Unlike HIT3a, another specific antibody of CD3, the UCHT1 antibody can stain both the surface and intracellular CD3ε. The immobilized UCHT1 can cross-link with the TCR complex, enhancing cellular activation and proliferation.

Supplier: Biogems

The 72-1665 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with CD289, also known as human toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9). CD289 is involved in the activation of innate immunity, in acquired immune responses, and autoimmune diseases. It is involved in the immune system’s response to unmethylated CpG dinucleotide sequences such as those found in bacterial, viral, or synthetic DNA. CD289 assists in pathogen recognition and is expressed by subtypes of dendritic cells and B cells.

Supplier: Biogems

The 1A8 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with the 21-25 kDa glycophosphatidylinositol-anchored protein known as Ly-6G, expressed by the granulocytes from the bone marrow and periphery neutrophils. Ly-6G and Ly-6C form the Granulocyte Receptor-1 antigen (GR-1). The binding of the 1A8 antibody to the Ly-6G can be blocked by another antibody, RB6-8C5, which also recognizes Ly-6C. While 1A8 is specific for only Ly-6G, RB6-8C5 also binds to Ly-6C.

Supplier: Biogems

The LTF-2 monoclonal antibody is used as an Isotype Control immunoglobulin for rat IgG2b antibodies.

Supplier: Biogems

The 15.2 antibody reacts with the 85-110 kDa intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), a member of the Ig superfamily which acts as a ligand for the Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1 (LFA-1). ICAM-1 is also known CD 54 and is expressed on non-hematopoietic cells of vascular endothelial, thymic epithelial, fibroblasts lineages, and on hematopoietic cells like macrophages, mitogen-stimulated T-lymphoblasts, dendritic cells in tonsils, lymph nodes and Peyer’s patches, and germinal center B cells.Inflammatory mediators (IL-1, TNF, IFN-γ) enhance the production of ICAM-1 on fibroblasts and endothelial cells within few hours. Thus, ICAM-1 seems to be the marker of inflammatory reactions.

Supplier: Biogems

The PC61.5 antibody specifically reacts with mouse CD25, the 55 kDa low-affinity Interleukin-2 Receptor α chain (IL-2R α), expressed on early progenitors of T and B lineage, and on B and T cells. Together with CD122 (IL-2 Receptor β) and CD 132 (IL-2 Receptor γc, the common gamma chain), CD25 forms high-affinity receptor complexes for IL-2. Resting B and T cells and natural killer cells do not express IL-2Rα. Cd25 is also expressed on the dendritic cells, and it enhances lymphocyte differentiation and activation.The PC61.5 antibody blocks the binding of IL-2 to both high-affinity and low-affinity receptors.

Supplier: Biogems

The FN50 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with human CD69, the 27-33 kDA type II transmembrane protein also known as the very early activation antigen (VEA) or the activation inducer molecule (AIM). It is expressed as a disulfide-linked dimer on B cells, T cells, NK cells, platelets, eosinophils, and neutrophils. It increases in expression upon cell activation and seems to serve a role as a signaling receptor.

Supplier: Biogems

The AFS98 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with the mouse CD115 molecule, a 150 kDa receptor for the colony stimulating factor (CSF-1) or macrophage CFS (M-CFS), expressed by some epithelial cells, monocytes, osteoclasts, and macrophages. The colony stimulating factor-1 regulates the proliferation and the differentiation of the monocytic lineage cells. The AFS98 antibody can be used to identify myeloid lineage cells.

Supplier: Biogems

The HMN3-133 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with mouse Notch3, a single-pass transmembrane protein. After binding with its ligand, Notch3 receptor undergoes cleavage resulting in a Notch intracellular domain (NICD) molecule that eventually activates transcription in the nucleus. It is expressed on Treg cells and adult smooth muscle arterial cells.

Supplier: Biogems

The G4.18 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with rat CD3, a T cell lineage marker and associated with the T cell receptor (TCR). CD3 is involved in antigen recognition, cell activation, and signal transduction and is found on subsets of NK-T, peripheral T, dendritic epidermal T, and thymocyte cells. Immobilized G4.18 antibody activates T cells in vitro and in vivo treatments of the G4.18 antibody prevents cardiac and skin allograft rejection.

Supplier: Biogems

The GK1.5 monoclonal antibody specifically binds with the mouse CD4 molecule, also known as L3T4, a 55 kDa differentiation antigen which binds to the MHC class II. CD4 is expressed on most thymocytes, a subpopulation of mature T lymphocytes, dendritic cells, pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells, B cell precursors, and lymphoid precursors inside the thymus. It is also expressed on the mouse egg cell membrane, enhancing adhesion to MHC class II bearing sperm. By interaction with MHC class II on the surface of APC, CD4 initiates the development of T lymphocytes and helps the optimum functioning of mature T lymphocytes. The binding of the GK1.5 antibody blocks the binding of the Anti-Mouse CD4 RM4-5 antibody.

Supplier: Biogems

The M1/70 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with the 170 kDa αM integrin chain of mouse CD11b from the Mac-1 integrin (CD11b/CD18). Mac-1 binds to C3bi, CD54 (ICAM-1), and fibrinogen, and it is expressed by granulocytes, macrophages, NK cells, myeloid-derived dendritic cells, microglia, activated lymphocytes, and mouse B-1 cells. The expression is up-regulated on activated neutrophils at the same time that L-selectin is shed from the cell surface. The M1/70 antibody is used for the detection of monocytes, granulocytes, and a subset of natural killer cells in human peripheral blood.M1/70 blocks C3bi binding and cell adherence, but not cell-mediated lysis and it cross-reacts with human CD11b.

Supplier: Biogems

The UCHT2 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with human CD5, a 67 kda type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein. CD5 is expressed on mature T cells, a subset of B cells, and peripheral blood dendritic cells. B cells that are CD5+ produce mostly IgM polyreactive antibodies. Its ligand is CD72, which is involved in T, B cell proliferation and interaction. The UCT2 antibody also recognizes non-human primate CD5.