"Bioss"

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Glucagon plays a key role in glucose metabolism and homeostasis. Regulates blood glucose by increasing gluconeogenesis and decreasing glycolysis. A counterregulatory hormone of insulin, raises plasma glucose levels in response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia. Plays an important role in initiating and maintaining hyperglycemic conditions in diabetes. GLP-1 is a potent stimulator of glucose-dependent insulin release. Play important roles on gastric motility and the suppression of plasma glucagon levels. May be involved in the suppression of satiety and stimulation of glucose disposal in peripheral tissues, independent of the actions of insulin. Have growth-promoting activities on intestinal epithelium. May also regulate the hypothalamic pituitary axis (HPA) via effects on LH, TSH, CRH, oxytocin, and vasopressin secretion. Increases islet mass through stimulation of islet neogenesis and pancreatic beta cell proliferation. Inhibits beta cell apoptosis. GLP-2 stimulates intestinal growth and up-regulates villus height in the small intestine, concomitant with increased crypt cell proliferation and decreased enterocyte apoptosis. The gastrointestinal tract, from the stomach to the colon is the principal target for GLP-2 action. Plays a key role in nutrient homeostasis, enhancing nutrient assimilation through enhanced gastrointestinal function, as well as increasing nutrient disposal. Stimulates intestinal glucose transport and decreases mucosal permeability. Oxyntomodulin significantly reduces food intake. Inhibits gastric emptying in humans. Suppression of gastric emptying may lead to increased gastric distension, which may contribute to satiety by causing a sensation of fullness. Glicentin may modulate gastric acid secretion and the gastro-pyloro-duodenal activity. May play an important role in intestinal mucosal growth in the early period of life.

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This gene encodes a cell surface tyrosine kinase receptor for members of the platelet-derived growth factor family. These growth factors are mitogens for cells of mesenchymal origin. The identity of the growth factor bound to a receptor monomer determines whether the functional receptor is a homodimer or a heterodimer, composed of both platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha and beta polypeptides. This gene is flanked on chromosome 5 by the genes for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and macrophage-colony stimulating factor receptor; all three genes may be implicated in the 5-q syndrome. A translocation between chromosomes 5 and 12, that fuses this gene to that of the translocation, ETV6, leukemia gene, results in chronic myeloproliferative disorder with eosinophilia. [provided by RefSeq].

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Anti-DUSP6 Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody

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CCDC47

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RAB proteins, such as RAB25, are members of the RASsuperfamily of small GTPases that are involved in membranetrafficking. Members of the RAB11 subfamily, including RAB25,control the return of internalized membrane-associated moieties tothe cell surface

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PANK4 belongs to the pantothenate kinase family. Pantothenate kinase is a key regulatory enzyme in the physiological regulation of the intracellular coenzyme A (CoA) concentration. It catalyzes the first committed step in the universal biosynthetic pathway leading to CoA and is itself subject to regulation through feedback inhibition by CoA. This family member is most abundant in muscle but is expressed in all tissues.

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DPP6 is a Type-II serine proteinase of the clan SC. The clan SC proteinases have a catalytic triad of Ser-Asp-His, and like other Serine proteinases, the active site serine is in a Gly-Xaa-Ser-Xaa -Gly orientation. DPP6 has an Asp instead of Ser in the catalytic site. DPP6 is a member of a broader family of dipeptidyl peptidases including DPP4, FAP/Seprase, DPP2, DPP8, DPP9, DPP10, which have differing substrate specificity and tissue localizations. The surface-bound DPP6 is a homodimer, and cleavage of in the stalk region releases a shed form of DPP6. The shed is the form found in serum. DPP6 has been found in highest abundance in the brain, but also in the kidney, liver and lung.

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The coiled-coil domain is a structural motif found in proteins that are involved in a diverse array of biological functions such as the regulation of gene expression, cell division, membrane fusion, and drug extrusion and delivery. CCDC93 (coiled-coil domain containing 93) is a 631 amino acid protein that belongs to the CCDC93 family. CCDC93 is encoded by a gene located on human chromosome 2, which makes up approximately 8% of the human genome and contains 237 million bases encoding over 1,400 genes. A number of genetic diseases are linked to genes on chromosome 2. Harlequin icthyosis, a rare skin deformity, is associated with mutations in the ABCA12 gene. The lipid metabolic disorder sitosterolemia is associated with ABCG5 and ABCG8. An extremely rare recessive genetic disorder, Alstré°‰ syndrome, is related to mutations in the ALMS1 gene.

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COMMD3 is widely expressed, with highest expression in thymus.

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The protein encoded by this gene is a trypsin inhibitor, which is secreted from pancreatic acinar cells into pancreatic juice. It is thought to function in the prevention of trypsin-catalyzed premature activation of zymogens within the pancreas and the pancreatic duct. Mutations in this gene are associated with hereditary pancreatitis and tropical calcific pancreatitis. [provided by RefSeq].

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UBE2H, also known as UBC8, UBCH, UBCH2 or E2-20K, is a 183 amino acid protein involved in ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation. Ubiquitination is an important mechanism through which three classes of enzymes act in concert to target short-lived or abnormal proteins for destruction. The three classes of enzymes involved in ubiquitination are the ubiquitin-activating enzymes (E1s), the ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2s) and the ubiquitin-protein ligases (E3s). One of several members of the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family, UBE2H functions as an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme that acts to catalyze the covalent attachment of ubiquitin residues to various proteins, including Histone H2A. UBE2H shares 100% identity with its mouse counterpart and 98% identity with its frog and zebrafish homologs, suggesting a conserved function between species. Multiple isoforms of UBE2H exist due to alternative splicing events.

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RNA-binding protein involved in the regulation of pre-mRNA alternative splicing. Mediates exon inclusion and/or exclusion in pre-mRNA that are subject to tissue-specific and developmentally regulated alternative splicing. Specifically activates exon 5 inclusion of cardiac isoforms of TNNT2 during heart remodeling at the juvenile to adult transition. Binds to muscle-specific splicing enhancer (MSE) intronic sites flanking the alternative exon 5 of TNNT2 pre-mRNA.

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Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family of serine- and threonine-specific protein kinases that can be activated by calcium and second messenger diacylglycerol. PKC family members phosphorylate a wide variety of protein targets and are known to be involved in diverse cellular signaling pathways. PKC family members also serve as major receptors for phorbol esters, a class of tumor promoters. Each member of the PKC family has a specific expression profile and is believed to play a distinct role in cells. The protein encoded by this gene is one of the PKC family members. This protein kinase has been reported to be involved in many different cellular functions, such as B cell activation, apoptosis induction, endothelial cell proliferation, and intestinal sugar absorption. Studies in mice also suggest that this kinase may also regulate neuronal functions and correlate fear-induced conflict behavior after stress. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

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Cecropins are produced by insects, particularly under conditions of infection. Cecropins are bioactive peptides that exhibit activities by interacting with membranes and forming transmembrane channels that allow the free flow of electrolytes, metabolites and water across the phospholipid bilayers. Cecropins A, B and D are close homologues consisting of 35-39 residues. They are found in the pupae of the cecropin moth, but related homologues named lepodopteran, bactericidin, moricin and sarcotoxin are produced by other insects.

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G protein-coupled receptor that probably associates with the patched protein (PTCH) to transduce the hedgehog's proteins signal. Binding of sonic hedgehog (SHH) to its receptor patched is thought to prevent normal inhibition by patched of smoothened (SMO). Required for the accumulation of KIF7 and GLI3 in the cilia.

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Inhibits CASP1/caspase-1-dependent IL1B secretion and PYCARD-mediated apoptosis, but not that induced by FAS or BID.Tissue specificity: Widely expressed with highest levels in heart, brain and skeletal muscle.