1237 Results for: "BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC."

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The 3D12 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with human CD197 (CCR7 or EBI-1), a seven-transmembrane G-protein-coupled. It is the receptor for the secondary lymphoid-tissue chemokine (SLC or 6CKine), CCL19, and CCL21. CD197 is expressed on subsets of B and T cells, and mature dendritic cells. The monoclonal 3D12 antibody recognizes the N-terminus of the receptor.

We recommend that this antibody be incubated for at least 45 minutes at 4°C for optimal staining.

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The RM134L monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with mouse CD252, a TNF/NGF superfamily member present on activated B lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells. On activated B cells it enhances immunoglobulin secretion and cell proliferation. CD252 is also known as the OX-40 ligand and interacts with the OX-40 antigen found on the surface of activated T cells. The RML134L is reported to block the costimulatory activity of OX-40L.

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The J43.1 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with mouse CD279, also known as PD-1 (programmed death-1), a 50-55 kDa glycoprotein of the Ig superfamily. The PD-1 ligands, PD-L1 (B7-H1) and PD-L2 (B7-H2) are members of the B7 family. Pd-1 contains an Immunoreceptor Tyrosine-based Inhibitory Motif (ITIM) and influences the peripheral tolerances and autoimmune diseases in mice. PD-1 is transiently expressed on CD4/CD8 thymocytes, it is upregulated in apoptotic cells, and it is expressed by activated myeloid and T and B cells. The binding of PD-1 to its ligands is blocked by the J43 antibody, which also enhances contact hypersensitivity and exacerbates acute Graft-versus-host disease, Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and NOD diabetes. PD-1 seems to downregulate the immune response, as the development of splenomegaly and breakdown of peripheral tolerance in PD-1 deficient mice suggests.

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The 1A8 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with the 21-25 kDa glycophosphatidylinositol-anchored protein known as Ly-6G, expressed by the granulocytes from the bone marrow and periphery neutrophils. Ly-6G and Ly-6C form the Granulocyte Receptor-1 antigen (GR-1). The binding of the 1A8 antibody to the Ly-6G can be blocked by another antibody, RB6-8C5, which also recognizes Ly-6C. While 1A8 is specific for only Ly-6G, RB6-8C5 also binds to Ly-6C.

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The 2F1 monoclonal antibody is specific for the mouse Killer cell Lectin-like Receptor G1 (KLRG1), a homodimer consisting of two N-glycosylated subunits of 30-38 kDa, also known as MAFA (Mast cell Function-associated Antigen). The antigen contains a cytoplasmic motif similar to ITIM (the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif). KLRG1 is a receptor for cadherin, a family of transmembrane glycoproteins that mediate cell adhesion, and a common marker of T cell senescence. The receptor is believed to play an important role in the innate and adaptive immune system through the regulation of leukocytes. It is expressed on lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells, adherent LAK (A-LAK) cells, a sub-set of natural killer (NK) cells, T cells. In NK cells, it inhibits cytokine production and cytotoxicity activity.The receptor expression was not detected on the mouse peritoneal mast cells, or bone marrow mast cells.

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The 188 monoclonal antibody binds to mouse B7-H4, a newly discovered member of the B7 family involved with the negative regulation of T cell immunity. B7-H4 is a type I membrane glycoprotein also known as B7S1, B7X, and VCTN1. Its role in tumor progression may be to protect precancerous cells from the surveillance of the immune system. Further studies are being conducted to determine the exact B7-H4 ligand. It is reported that the H74 antibody binds to mouse B7-H4 transfected cells and not spleen cells.

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IL-1α is a non-secreted, proinflammatory cytokine produced in a variety of cells, including monocytes, tissue macrophages, keratinocytes and other epithelial cells. Both IL-1α and IL-1β bind to the same receptor and have similar, if not identical, biological properties. These cytokines have a broad range of activities including the stimulation of thymocyte proliferation by inducing IL-2 release, B-cell maturation and proliferation, mitogenic FGF-like activity, and the release of prostaglandin and collagenase from synovial cells. However, whereas IL-1β is a secreted cytokine, IL-1α is predominantly a cell-associated cytokine. The ALF-161 monoclonal antibody reacts with the precursor, secreted and membrane-associated forms of mouse IL-1 α. The antibody is reported to be usable as the capture antibody in an ELISA assay and exhibits neutralization properties.

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The 1A8 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with the 21-25 kDa glycophosphatidylinositol-anchored protein known as Ly-6G, expressed by the granulocytes from the bone marrow and periphery neutrophils. Ly-6G and Ly-6C form the Granulocyte Receptor-1 antigen (GR-1). The binding of the 1A8 antibody to the Ly-6G can be blocked by another antibody, RB6-8C5, which also recognizes Ly-6C. While 1A8 is specific for only Ly-6G, RB6-8C5 also binds to Ly-6C.

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The 1A8 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with the 21-25 kDa glycophosphatidylinositol-anchored protein known as Ly-6G, expressed by the granulocytes from the bone marrow and periphery neutrophils. Ly-6G and Ly-6C form the Granulocyte Receptor-1 antigen (GR-1). The binding of the 1A8 antibody to the Ly-6G can be blocked by another antibody, RB6-8C5, which also recognizes Ly-6C. While 1A8 is specific for only Ly-6G, RB6-8C5 also binds to Ly-6C.

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The D7 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with mouse Ly-6A/E (Sca-1), a 18 kDa GPI-linked surface protein. It is expressed on multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and subsets of B and T cells and involved in B and T cell lymphocyte responses. Splenocytes from Ly-6.2 strains exhibit a larger number of D7-positive cells than those from the Ly-6.1 strains.

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The D7 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with mouse Ly-6A/E (Sca-1), a 18 kDa GPI-linked surface protein. It is expressed on multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and subsets of B and T cells and involved in B and T cell lymphocyte responses. Splenocytes from Ly-6.2 strains exhibit a larger number of D7-positive cells than those from the Ly-6.1 strains.

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The H57-597 monoclonal antibody is specific for the beta chain of the mouse T cell Receptor (TCR). The crosslinking induces activation and proliferation of T cells, as a plate-bound or a soluble H57-597, or the plate-bound antibody can induce apoptosis, based on assay conditions. The beta chain of the TCR can combine with the alpha chain of the receptor to produce the alpha-beta TCR, which is expressed by the NKT cells, by the NK1.1+ thymocytes and most of the T cells. The beta chain does not react with the gamma-delta TCR-bearing cells, expressed by a small number of T cells. This antibody can be used as a phenotypic marker for the TCR beta expressing cells or for the functional purpose of TCR-mediated cell activation or apoptosis.

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The JES6-5H4 antibody specifically binds to mouse IL-2, a 17 kDa immunoregulatory cytokine and growth factor for T and B lymphocytes, NK cells, monocytes, and macrophages. IL-2 induces the cytotoxic operations of NK cells, activates B cells, and plays a role in the differentiation of T cells. JES6-5H4 seems to have a neutralizing effect on interleukin-2.

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The FR70 monoclonal antibody specifically binds to mouse CD70, a 30-33 kDA type II transmembrane protein and member of the TNF superfamily. CD70 is the ligand for CD27 and is expressed on dendritic cells, activated B cell, and a subset of activated T cells at lower levels. Its main role is in regulating B cell activation and immunoglobulin synthesis. CD70 expressing cells are able to co-stimulate T cell proliferation and upregulate cytokine production. The FR70 antibody is reported to block the binding of CD70 to CD27.

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The 2D10.4 antibody reacts with human CD80, also known as B7-1, a 55 kDa type I transmembrane protein ligand for CD152 (CTLA-4) and for CD28, a co-stimulatory receptor for the T cell receptor (TCR). CD28 also binds a second B7 ligand known as CD86 (B7-2). Both CD80 and CD86 are expressed on activated B cells and antigen-presenting cells. These ligands trigger CD28 signaling in concert with TCR activation to drive T cell proliferation, induce high-level expression of IL-2, impart resistance to apoptosis, and enhance T cell cytotoxicity. The interaction / co-stimulatory signaling between the B7 ligands and CD28 or CTLA-4 provides crucial communication between T cells and B cells or APCs to coordinate the adaptive immune response.

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The 2D10.4 antibody reacts with human CD80, also known as B7-1, a 55 kDa type I transmembrane protein ligand for CD152 (CTLA-4) and for CD28, a co-stimulatory receptor for the T cell receptor (TCR). CD28 also binds a second B7 ligand known as CD86 (B7-2). Both CD80 and CD86 are expressed on activated B cells and antigen-presenting cells. These ligands trigger CD28 signaling in concert with TCR activation to drive T cell proliferation, induce high-level expression of IL-2, impart resistance to apoptosis, and enhance T cell cytotoxicity. The interaction / co-stimulatory signaling between the B7 ligands and CD28 or CTLA-4 provides crucial communication between T cells and B cells or APCs to coordinate the adaptive immune response.

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The 16-10A1 antibody reacts with mouse CD80, also known as B7-1, a 55 kDa type I transmembrane protein ligand for CD152 (CTLA-4) and for CD28, a co-stimulatory receptor for the T cell receptor (TCR). CD28 also binds a second B7 ligand known as CD86 (B7-2). Both CD80 and CD86 are expressed on activated B cells and antigen-presenting cells. These ligands trigger CD28 signaling in concert with TCR activation to drive T cell proliferation, induce high-level expression of IL-2, impart resistance to apoptosis, and enhance T cell cytotoxicity. The interaction / co-stimulatory signaling between the B7 ligands and CD28 or CTLA-4 provides crucial communication between T cells and B cells or APCs to coordinate the adaptive immune response.

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The RM2-5 monoclonal antibody specifically binds to mouse CD2, a member of the Ig superfamily and type I transmembrane glycoprotein. CD2 is expressed on B cells, T cells, NK cells, and thymocytes and its ligand is CD48. It may be involved in immunoregulation, thymocyte maturation, and T-cell activation. The RM2-5 antibody has been reported to block CD2 mediated cell to cell adhesion.

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The BM8.1 monoclonal antibody specifically binds to the Mouse125 kDa F4/80 antigen, expressed by most mature macrophages. F4/80 is a transmembrane protein used as a marker of macrophages, although it is also expressed on Kupffer and Langerhans cells. The expression of F4/80 antigen is upregulated on bone marrow cells stimulated in vitro with the macrophage colony stimulating factor. The F4/80 antigen is a requirement for the induction of CD8 T cells-mediated peripheral tolerance.

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The 30-H12 monoclonal antibody specifically binds to MouseCD90.2, an alloantigen known as Thy-1.2, expressed on thymocytes, mature T cells, epithelial cells, neurons, hematopoietic stem cells, and fibroblasts. CD90 is a membrane glycoprotein that regulates the adhesion and signal transduction in T lymphocytes, and the adhesion of thymocytes to thymic stroma. The interaction between 30-H12 and the antibody to the CD3/TCR complex upregulates thymocytes signal transduction and apoptosis and downregulates mature T cell proliferation. The 30-H12 antibody seems to be unable to cross-link with CD90.1.

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The 104 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with the mouse CD45 molecule, the Leukocyte Common Antigen (LCA) which occurs in the alloantigen CD45.2-expressing mouse strains (C57BL/6, CBA, 129, A, AKR, C58, DBA/1, DBA/2, BALB/c, and C3H/He). The 104 monoclonal antibody does not react with the leukocytes of the CD45.1-expressing mouse strains (DA, SJL/J, RIII, and STS/A). The CD45 molecule is a member of the Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (PTP) family, because its intracellular region contains two PTP domains. The extracellular region’s variability is caused by different levels of glycosylation, and the splicing of the 4, 5, and 6 exons. The isoforms found in the mouse strains depend on the activation state, maturation stage and cell type, and are very important in B and T lymphocytes antigen receptor signal transduction. The 104 antibody inhibits some of the B lymphocytes responses, reduces the serum IgG levels, and influences the autoimmune renal pathology.

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The A20 monoclonal antibody reacts with the leukocytes of the CD45.1-expressing mouse strains (DA, SJL/J, RIII, and STS/A). It does not cross-react with cells that express CD45.2. The CD45 molecule is a member of the Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (PTP) family, because its intracellular region contains two PTP domains. The extracellular region’s variability is caused by different levels of glycosylation, and the splicing of the 4, 5, and 6 exons. The isoforms found in the mouse strains depend on the activation state, maturation stage and cell type, and are very important in B and T lymphocytes antigen receptor signal transduction. The A20 antibody inhibits some of the B lymphocytes responses, from CD45.1-expressing mice, to lipopolysaccharides and antigens.

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The HI100 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with human CD45RA, the 220 kDa isoform of the human leukocyte common antigen (LCA) found on 40-50% of the peripheral CD4+ T lymphocytes, half of the peripheral CD8+ T lymphocytes and some of the monocytes and B lymphocytes. The CD45RA antigen is expressed by naïve and activated T lymphocytes. The HI100 monoclonal antibody is used as a phenotypic marker to discriminate T lymphocytes subsets.

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The 104 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with the MouseCD45 molecule, the Leukocyte Common Antigen (LCA) which occurs in the alloantigen CD45.2-expressing Mousestrains (C57BL/6, CBA, 129, A, AKR, C58, DBA/1, DBA/2, BALB/c, and C3H/He). The 104 monoclonal antibody does not react with the leukocytes of the CD45.1-expressing Mousestrains (DA, SJL/J, RIII, and STS/A). The CD45 molecule is a member of the Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (PTP) family, because its intracellular region contains two PTP domains. The extracellular region’s variability is caused by different levels of glycosylation, and the splicing of the 4, 5, and 6 exons. The isoforms found in the Mousestrains depend on the activation state, maturation stage and cell type, and are very important in B and T lymphocytes antigen receptor signal transduction. The 104 antibody inhibits some of the B lymphocytes responses, reduces the serum IgG levels, and influences the autoimmune renal pathology.

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The 4H1 monoclonal antibody specifically bind to human CD116, a 70-85 kD alpha chain of the GM-CSF receptor. It forms the high affinity GM-CSF receptor with CD131 as the beta chain. CD116 is expressed on macrophages, monocytes, eosinophils, dendritic cells, fibroblasts, neutrophils, and some tumor cells.

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The P1H12 monoclonal antibody reacts with CD146, 118kDA transmembrane glycoprotein that is also called the melanoma cell adhesion molecule (Mel-CAM), MUC18, Endo-CAM, and S-Endo. It is a prominently glycosylated protein with carbohydrates comprising the majority of its mass and it is expressed on melanoma, stromal, endothelial, and bone marrow fibroblasts. The P1H12 antibody cross reacts with human, mouse, canine, rabbit to the exclusion of rat protein.

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The HIB19 monoclonal antibody reacts with a human 95 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein known as CD19, which is expressed by B lymphocytes during all the developmental stages, except for the terminally differentiated plasma cells. CD19 is also expressed on follicular dendritic cells, and seems to ensure the regulation of B lymphocytes proliferation. CD19, CD21, CD81, MHC class II, and Leu13 can bind together and form a complex which associates with the B cell receptor (BCR) on the surface of B lymphocytes and facilitates the signal transduction.BG Violet 450 conjugate is an alternative to the Pacific Blue, eFluor 450, or BD Horizon V450 dyes. It is excited by the violet (405 nm) laser, with a peak emission of 450nm.

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The HIT2 monoclonal antibody specifically bind to human CD38, a 45kda type II transmembrane glycoprotein. CD38 is expressed on activated T cells, plasma cells, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and thymocytes. CD38 displays cyclase and hydrolase enzymatic activity and is involved in lymphocyte adhesion, activation, and cell signaling. Its ligand is CD31.

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The 156-4H9 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with human CD48, a GPI-linked glycoprotein in the Ig superfamily. CD48 was previously known as BCM1 in mice, Blast-1 in humans, and OX-45 in rats. Its ligands are CD2 and CD244 and it is expressed on leukocytes to the exclusion of non-hematopoietic cells and its expression increases in B cells upon activation.

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The HP-3G10 monoclonal antibody specifically binds to an 80 kDa homodimer type II membrane glycoprotein from the C-type lectin superfamily, known as the human CD161 or NKR-P1A. CD161 is expressed on most natural killer cells, subsets of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes, γδ TCR T lymphocytes, a subset of CD3+ thymocytes, and especially on CD45RO+ T lymphocytes. Reports indicate that it may serve as a specific receptor for some natural killer cell targets and a possible stimulatory role.