You searched for: Proteins and Peptides

Supplier: Prosci

Cochlin is an extracellular matrix protein expressed in the cochlea and vestibule of the inner ear. Mutations in the cochlin gene are linked to the autosomal-dominant DFNA9 syndrome, a disorder characterized by hearing loss. Cochlin is also expressed in follicular dendritic cells of the spleen and the lymph nodes. The N-terminus of cochlin contains a LCCL domain also present in Factor C, a serine protease of the horseshoe crab Limulus, involved in activating the coagulation cascade in response to LPS. A recent study showed that in response to inflammation, LPS or bacterial infection, cochlin is cleaved by the proteases aggrecanases and secreted into blood circulation. The secreted cochlin (LCCL domain) seems to have a role in local cytokine production, recruitment of immune effector cells and bacterial clearance. Cochlin is secreted as two forms p8 and p18, whereas p18 being the glycosylated form of p8.

Supplier: Prosci

Human TNFSF14 Protein, also known as LIGHT, belongs to a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand family. It can bind to NFRSF3/LTBR. It is a ligand for TNFRSF14, which is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, and it is also known as a herpesvirus entry mediator ligand (HVEML). TNFSF14 encodes a protein with a 37 aa cytoplasmic domain, 21aa transmembrane domain and 182 aa extracellular region. The gene is predominantly expressed in the spleen and also found in the brain. Weakly expressed in peripheral lymphoid tissues and in heart, placenta, liver, lung, appendix, and kidney, and no expression seen in fetal tissues, endocrine glands, or nonhematopoietic tumor lines. TNFSF14 protein was found to probably function as a costimulatory factor for the activation of lymphoid cells and as a deterrent to infection by herpesvirus. Studies have shown that this protein can prevent tumor necrosis factor alpha mediated apoptosis in primary hepatocyte. Two alternatively spliced transcript variant encoding distinct isoforms have been reported.

Supplier: Prosci

T-cell surface antigen CD2 is also known as Erythrocyte receptor, LFA-2, LFA-3 receptor, Rosette receptor, T-cell surface antigen T11/Leu-5 and SRBC, is a single-pass type I membrane protein found on the surface of T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. CD2 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. CD2 / SRBC contains 1 Ig-like C2-type (immunoglobulin-like) domain and 1 Ig-like V-type (immunoglobulin-like) domain. CD2 / SRBC interacts with other adhesion molecules, such as lymphocyte function-associated antigen-3 (LFA-3 / CD58) in humans, or CD48 in rodents, which are expressed on the surfaces of other cells. In addition to its adhesive properties, CD2 also acts as a co-stimulatory molecule on T and NK cells. CD2 is a specific marker for T cells and NK cells, and can therefore be used in immunohistochemistry to identify the presence of such cells in tissue sections.

Supplier: Prosci

bHLH proteins are essential for neurogenesis, myogenesis, hematopoiesis and sex determination. HES1 (Hairy and Enhancer of Split 1) is a basic Helix-Loop-Helix (bHLH) transcriptional repressor regulated by the Notch pathway and expressed in various tissues. HES1 is well known in development of different tissues, particularly endoderm derived endocrine organs like pancreas and neuroendocrine cells of lung. HES1 controls normal development by regulating proliferation and differentiation and so cell fate. Notch signaling plays both oncogenic and tumor suppressor roles depending on cell type. In contrast to T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), where Notch activation promotes leukemogenesis, induction of Notch signaling in B cell ALL (B-ALL) leads to growth arrest and apoptosis. The Notch target HES1 is sufficient to reproduce this tumor suppressor phenotype in B-ALL by interacting and activating PARP-1 and regulating proapoptotic signals.

Supplier: Prosci

CD276, also known as B7-H3, is a member of the B7 superfamily with signature IgV and IgG regions in extracellular domains. It is a type I transmembrane protein and shares 20–27% amino acid identity with other B7 family members. B7-H3 is involved in the activation of T lymphocytes, and regulates murine bone formation. It is also reported that B7-H3 may play an important role in muscle-immune interactions, providing further evidence of the active role of muscle cells in local immunoregulatory processes. B7-H3 is expressed on T-cells, natural killer cells, and antigen presenting cells, as well as some non-immune cells, such as osteoblasts, fibroblasts, fibroblast-like synoviocytes and epithelial cells. High expression of B7-H3 in tumor vasculature also correlates with poor survival in patients, suggesting that it may play a role in tumor cell migration.

Supplier: Prosci

Ephrin type-B receptor 4(EPHB4) is also known as HTK, MYK1 and TYRO11,is a member of Eph family. The Eph family of receptors are divided into 2 groups based on the similarity of their extracellular domain sequences and their affinities for binding ephrin-A and ephrin-B ligands. Ephrin receptors make up the largest subgroup of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. The protein encoded by EPHB4 binds to Ephrin-B2 and plays an essential role in vascular development. EPHB4 and its ligand ephrin-B2 are specifically expressed on venous and arterial endothelial cells, respectively, and play an essential role in vascular development via bidirectional signals. The forward EPHB4 signaling inhibits cell adhesion, chemotaxis, angiogenesis and tumor growth. Incontrast, the reverse Ephrin-B2 signaling exerts the opposite effect. It has been reported that aberrant expression of EPHB4 is associated with prostate cancer and highly malignant breast cancers, accordingly, EPHB4 has potential application as a therapeutic candidate.

Supplier: Prosci

Mannose-Binding Protein C (MBP-C) belongs to the Collectin family of innate immune defense proteins. MBL binds to an array of carbohydrate patterns on pathogen surfaces. Collectin family members share common structural features: a cysteine rich amino-terminal domain, a collagen-like region, an alpha-helical coiled-coil neck domain and a carboxy terminal C-type Lectin or carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). MBL homotrimerizes to form a structural unit joined by N-terminal disulfide bridges. These homotrimers further associates into oligomeric structures of up to 6 units. Whereas two forms of MBL proteins exist in rodents and other animals. Human MBL-2 is 25 kDa. Human MBL-2 is a secreted glycoprotein that is synthesized as a 248 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 20 aa signal sequence, a 21 aa cysteine-rich region, a 58 aa collagen-like segment and a 111 aa C-type lectin domain that binds to neutral bacterial carbohydrates.

Supplier: Prosci

Peroxiredoxin-1(PRDX1) contains 1 thioredoxin domain and belongs to the AhpC/TSA family. PRDX1 constitutively expressed in most human cells and it is induced to higher levels upon serum stimulation in untransformed and transformed cells. PRDX1 is involved in redox regulation of the cell. It reduces peroxides with reducing equivalents provided through the thioredoxin system but not from glutaredoxin and play an important role in eliminating peroxides generated during metabolism. PRDX1 might participate in the signaling cascades of growth factors and tumor necrosis factor-alpha by regulating the intracellular concentrations of H2O2. It reduces an intramolecular disulfide bond in GDPD5 that gates the ability to GDPD5 to drive postmitotic motor neuron differentiation. It may contribute to the antiviral activity of CD8(+) T-cells and have a proliferative effect in cancer development or progression.

Supplier: Prosci

Human Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is a member of glycoprotein hormones subunit beta family, whichalso includes LH, chorionic gonadotropin (CG) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). FSH and its familymembers are heterodimers consisting of non-covalently linked alpha- and beta -subunits. They share an identical alphasubunit, and beta -subunits vary. FSH has a unique beta -subunit (FSH beta ), which confers its specific biologic activityand is responsible for interaction with the FSH-receptor which belongs to a subfamily of GPCRs calledleucine-rich-repeat-containing GPCRs (LGRs). FSH is secreted from the pituitary gland and regulatesreproduction in mammals. FSH stimulates sertoli cell proliferation in testes and supports spermatogenesis inmales, and induces the maturation of ovarian follicles in females.

Supplier: Prosci

izTRAIL is a newly available, highly active recombinant form of soluble human TRAIL. Due to a trimerizing N-terminal isoleucine zipper (iz) motif the intrinsic trimerization of TRAIL, required for apoptosis-inducing activity of TRAIL, is enhanced when compared to non-tagged soluble human TRAIL (shTRAIL). Therefore, izTRAIL is a potent inducer of apoptosis in many human cancer cells, but not normal human hepatocytes. In addition, the half-life of izTRAIL is about eight-fold higher than the half-life of shTRAIL. These properties render izTRAIL highly suitable for both, in vitro and in vivo use, particularly for studies in which investigators plan to transfer their in vitro results into an in vivo system with human cancer cells in xenotransplant settings examining susceptibility to TRAIL-induced apoptosis.

Supplier: Prosci

Pre-B cell colony enhancing factor (PBEF) was originally identified as a cytokine that potentiated the clonal expansion and differentiation of pre-B cells, but it is also acknowledged to be the ubiquitous intracellular enzyme nicotinamide phosphoribosyltranferase (NAMPT) and the adipokine “visfatin”. PBEF is constitutively expressed in the fetal membranes where its greatest expression is in the amnion. It has intracellular and extracellular forms. Most of the intracellular functions of PBEF are due to its role as a Nampt which can induce angiogenesis through upregulation of VEGF and VEGFR and secretion of MCP-1. Extracellular PBEF has been shown to increase inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF- alpha, IL-1 beta , IL-16, and TGF- beta 1. PBEF also increases the production of IL-6, TNF- alpha, and IL-1 beta in CD14+ monocyctes, macrophages, and dendritic cells, enhances the effectiveness of T cells.

Supplier: Prosci

OX40, also termed CD134 and TNFRSF4, is a T cell co-stimulatory molecule of the TNF receptor superfamily which plays a key role in the survival and homeostasis of effector and memory T cells. OX40 is expressed on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells upon engagement of the TCR by antigen presenting cells along with co-stimulation by CD40-CD40 Ligand and CD28-B7. The interaction between OX40 and OX40 ligand (OX40L) will occur when activated T cells bind to professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs). The T-cell functions, including cytokine production, expansion, and survival, are then enhanced by the OX40 costimulatory signals. OX40 signals are critical for controlling the function and differentiation of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. OX40-OX40L interaction regulates T-cell tolerance, peripheral T-cell homeostasis, and T-cell-mediated inflammatory diseases.

Supplier: Prosci

Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor(MANF) is a secreted protein which belongs to the ARMET family. MANF selectively promotes the survival of dopaminergic neurons of the ventral mid-brain. It modulates GABAergic transmission to the dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra. MANF enhances spontaneous, as well as evoked, GABAergic inhibitory postsynaptic currents in dopaminergic neurons. MANF inhibits cell proliferation and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced cell death. The N-terminal region of ARMET may be responsible for neurotrophic activity while the C-terminal region may play a role in the ER stress response. MANF reduces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and has neurotrophic effects on dopaminergic neurons. Intracortical delivery of recombinant MANF protein protects tissue from ischemic brain injury. MANF has been described as a survival factor for dopaminergic neurons. MANF and a homologous protein, the conserved dopamine neurotrophic factor (CDNF), form a novel evolutionary conserved family of neurotrophic factors. MANF expression was widespread in the nervous system and non-neuronal tissues.

Supplier: Prosci

Cluster of Differentiation 86 (CD86) is also known as B-lymphocyte activation antigen B7-2, is a type I membrane protein that is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, and is constitutively expressed on interdigitating dendritic cells, Langerhans cells, peripheral blood dendritic cells, memory B cells, and germinal center B cells. Additionally, B72 is expressed at low levels on monocytes and can be upregulated through interferon ?. CD86 is the ligand for two different proteins on the T cell surface: CD28 (for autoregulation and intercellular association) and CTLA-4 (for attenuation of regulation and cellular disassociation). CD86 works in tandem with CD80 to prime T cells. Recent study has revealed that B7-2 promotes the generation of a mature APC repertoire and promotes APC function and survival. Furthermore, the B7 proteins are also involved in innate immune responses by activating NF-?B-signaling pathway in macrophages. CD86 thus is regarded as a promising candidate for immune therapy. CD86+ macrophages in Hodgkin lymphoma patients are an independent marker for potential nonresponse to firstline-therapy.

Supplier: Prosci

CD48 antigen, also known as B-lymphocyte activation marker BLAST-1, BCM1 surface antigen, Leukocyte antigen MEM-102, TCT.1, CD48, BCM1,and BLAST1, CD48 contains one Ig-like C2-type domain and one Ig-like V-type domain, but does not have a transmembrane domain, however, but is held at the cell surface by a GPI anchor via a C-terminal domain which maybe cleaved to yield a soluble form of the receptor. CD48 may facilitate interaction between activated lymphocytes and be involved in regulating T-cell activation. CD48 plays a vital role as an environmental sensor for regulating progenitor cell numbers and inhibiting tumor development. It is suggested that the anti-CD48 mAb has the potential to become an effective therapeutic mAb against multiple myeloma.

Supplier: Thermo Scientific Chemicals

An insect neuropeptide.

Supplier: Thermo Scientific

Thermo Scientific PageRuler Unstained Broad Range Protein Ladder is a mixture of 11 proteins (5kDa to 250kDa) for use as size standards in protein electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Western blotting.

Supplier: G-Biosciences

For direct coupling to sulfhydryl residues using Keyhole limpet hemocyanin. No protein cross-linking agents required, and efficient one step reaction. Size: 10mg.

Supplier: Prosci

Fibroblast growth factor receptor 4(FGFR4) is also known as CD334, JTK2, hydroxyaryl-protein kinase, TKF, protein-tyrosine kinase . The FGFR4 gene provides instructions for making a protein called fibroblast growth factor receptor 4. This protein is part of a family of fibroblast growth factor receptors that share similar structures and functions. These receptor proteins play a role in important processes such as cell division, regulating cell growth and maturation, formation of blood vessels, wound healing, and embryo development.The FGFR4 protein interacts with specific growth factors to conduct signals from the environment outside the cell to the nucleus. The nucleus responds to these signals by switching on or off appropriate genes that help the cell adjust to changes in the environment. In response, the cell might divide, move, or mature to take on specialized functions. Although specific functions of FGFR4 remain unclear, studies indicate that the gene is involved in muscle development and the maturation of bone cells in the skull. The FGFR4 gene may also play a role in the development and maintenance of specialized cells (called foveal cones) in the light-sensitive layer (the retina) at the back of the eye.

Supplier: Prosci

Interleukin-20 (IL-20) is a member of the IL-10 family of regulatory cytokines that includes IL-10, IL-19, IL-20, IL-22, IL-24 and IL-26. Members of this family share partial homology in their amino acid sequences but they are dissimilar in their biological functions. IL-20 exhibits approximately 28% amino acid identity with IL-10 and 76% amino acid identity with mouse IL-20. There are two heterodimeric receptor complexes for IL-20. The first is composed of IL-20 R alpha and IL-20 R beta . The second is composed of IL-22 R and IL-20 R beta . Whereas the IL-22 R/IL-20 R beta complex is shared with IL-24, the IL-20 R alpha/IL-20 R beta complex is shared with both IL-19 and IL-24. IL-20 has been shown to initiate transduction cascades involving STAT3 and stimulates the induction of pro-inflammatory genes including TNF- alpha and MCP-1. Initial functional studies using transgenic mice suggest that IL-20 has the ability to regulate skin development. The over-expression of both human and mouse forms of IL-20 results in keratinocyte hyper-proliferation, abnormal epidermal differentiation, and neonatal lethality. In humans, IL-20 and its receptors are up-regulated in psoriatic skin, and polymorphisms in the IL-20 gene have been associated with plaque-type psoriasis. IL-20 may also have a role in hematopoiesis. It enhances the proliferation of multi-potential progenitors in vitro and increases their numbers and cell cycling status in IL-20 transgenic mice. IL-20 is also shown to suppress COX-2 and PGE2 and acts as an inhibitor of angiogenesis in model systems.

Supplier: Thermo Scientific

Thermo Scientific Spectra Multicolor High Range Protein Ladder is a mixture of eight (8) blue-, green-and orange-stained proteins (40 to 300kDa) for use as size standards for high-MW proteins in gel electrophoresis and Western blotting.

Supplier: Prosci

Matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) is also known as 92 kDa type IV collagenase, 92 kDa gelatinase or gelatinase B (GELB), CLG4B, is secreted from neutrophils, macrophages, and a number of transformed cells, and is the most complex family member in terms of domain structure and regulation of its activity. . Structurally, MMP9 maybe be divided into five distinct domains: a prodomain which is cleaved upon activation, a gelatinbinding domain consisting of three contiguous fibronectin type II units, a catalytic domain containing the zinc binding site, a prolinerich linker region, and a carboxyl terminal hemopexinlike domain. This enzyme degrades various substrates including gelatin, collagen types IV and V, and elastin. MMP9 is involved in a variety of autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis, and be regarded as a potential therapeutic target.

Supplier: Prosci

Interleukin 2 (IL 2), also termed T-cell growth factor, is a member of the cytokine family which includes IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-15 and IL-21. Each member of this family has a four alpha helix bundle. IL-2 signals through the IL-2 receptor, a complex consisting of tree subunits, termed alpha, beta and gamma. The IL-2 R gamma is shared by cytokine receptors of all members of cytokine family. Mature mouse IL­2 shares 56% and 73% aa sequence identity with human and rat IL­2, respectively. IL-2 is produced by CD4+ T cell, CD8+ T cells, gamma delta T cells, B cells, dendritic cells and eosinophils, and plays a vital role in key function of the immune system, tolerance and immunity, primarily via its potent stimulatory activity for T cells.Thus, IL­2 may be a key cytokine in the natural suppression of autoimmunity.

Supplier: Prosci

CD3e molecule, epsilon is also known as CD3E, is a T-cell surface single-pass type I membrane glycoprotein. CD3E contains 1 Ig-like (immunoglobulin-like) domain and 1 ITAM domain. CD3E, together with CD3-gamma, CD3-delta and CD3-zeta, and the T-cell receptor alpha/beta and gamma/delta heterodimers, forms the T cell receptor-CD3 complex. This complex plays an important role in coupling antigen recognition to several intracellular signal-transduction pathways. The genes encoding the epsilon, gamma and delta polypeptides are located in the same cluster on chromosome 11. The epsilon polypeptide plays an essential role in T-cell development. CD3E plays an essential role in T-cell development, and defects in CD3E gene cause severe immunodeficiency. CD3E gene has also been linked to a susceptibility to type I diabetes in women. CD3E has been shown to interact with TOP2B, CD3EAP and NCK2.

Supplier: Prosci

Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) is also known as cluster of differentiation (CD274) or B7 homolog 1 (B7-H1), is a member of the growing B7 family of immune molecules and is involved in the regulation of cellular and humoral immune responses. B7-H1 is a cell surface immunoglobulin superfamily with two Ig-like domains within the extracellular region and a short cytoplasmic domain. PD-L1 is highly expressed in the heart, skeletal muscle, placenta and lung and weakly expressed in the thymus, spleen, kidney and liver. PD-L1 is expressed on activated T-cells, B-cells, dendritic cells, keratinocytes and monocytes. PD-L1 is up-regulated on T- and B-cells, dendritic cells, keratinocytes and monocytes after LPS and IFNG activation and up-regulated in B-cells activated by surface Ig cross-linking. PD-L1 involve in the costimulatory signal, essential for T-cell proliferation and production of IL10 and IFNG, in an IL2-dependent and a PDCD1-independent manner.

Supplier: Prosci

Interleukin 23 (IL-23) is a heterodimeric cytokine composed of two disulfide-linked subunits, a p19 subunit that is unique to IL-23, and a p40 subunit that is shared with IL-12. The p19 subunit has homology to the p35 subunit of IL-12, as well as to other single chain cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-11. The p40 subunit is homologous to the extracellular domains of the hematopoietic cytokine receptors. Although p19 is expressed by activated macrophages, dendritic cells, T cells, and endothelial cells, only activated macrophages and dendritic cells express p40 concurrently to produce IL-23. IL-23 has biological activities that are similar to, but distinct from IL-12. Both IL-12 and IL-23 induce proliferation and IFN-gamma production by human T cells. While IL-12 acts on both naive and memory human T cells, the effects of IL-23 is restricted to memory T cells.

Supplier: MilliporeSigma

Plasminogen depleted fibrinogen is a native fibrinogen from which plasminogen is depleted using a Lys-agarose column. And contains ≥95% clottable proteins.

Supplier: Thermo Scientific

Isotype:E. Coli, Gene ID:3439 Species Reactivity:Human, form:1x100000 units of lyophilized recombinant protein from 0.5 ml citric acid buffered saline (CBS, pH 5.0) and 125 mM trehalose

Supplier: Thermo Scientific Chemicals

Fluorogenic substrate for quantification of human leukocyte and porcine pancreatic elastase.

Supplier: Thermo Scientific

Thermo Scientific SuperSignal Molecular Weight Protein Ladder (20 to 150K) are a ready-to-use mix of recombinant proteins with IgG-binding sites for chemiluminescent, fluorescent, chromogenic or other detection systems.