You searched for: Proteins and Peptides

Supplier: Prosci

PARP-3 [ARTD3] is involved in the base excision repair (BER) pathway, by catalyzing the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of a limited number of acceptor proteins involved in chromatin architecture and in DNA metabolism. This modification follows DNA damages and appears as an obligatory step in a detection/signaling pathway leading to the reparation of DNA strand breaks. May link the DNA damage surveillance network to the mitotic fidelity checkpoint. Negatively influences the G1/S cell cycle progression without interfering with centrosome duplication. May be involved in the regulation of PRC2 and PRC3 complex-dependent gene silencing.

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is hematopoietic growth factor produced by endothelial cells, monocytes, fibroblasts, and T cells. GM-CSF stimulates the production of neutrophilic granulocytes, macrophages, and mixed granulocyte-macrophage colonies from bone marrow cells. GM-CSF promotes immune system development and regulates neutrophil function during infection. Human and mouse GM-CSF show no cross-reactivity.

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is an important regulator of cell growth, proliferation, and angiogenesis. PDGF synthesis is induced by interleukin 1 (IL-1), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), and epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling. PDGF functions as a mitogenic growth hormone on cells of mesenchymal lineage, such as smooth muscle and glial cells. PDGF is also stored in the alpha-granules of platelets and is released upon adherence to traumatized tissues. PDGF is a dimeric glycoprotein formed by two A chains (AA), two B chains (BB), or as a heterodimer with an A and a B chain (AB). The PDGF dimer binds the cell surface receptor tyrosine kinases PDGFR-a and PDGFR-b.

Supplier: MilliporeSigma

A potent, cell-permeable and irreversible inhibitor of caspase-5 (ICErel-III, TY) as well as caspase-1 and caspase-4.

Supplier: Prosci

CD14 is a cell surface anchored glycoprotein that is expressed predominantly by monocytes and tissue macrophages. CD14 associates with MD-2 (LY-96) and TLR4 to form a receptor complex, which signals specifically in response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) binding. The CD14/MD-2/TLR4 receptor complex signals via MyD88, TIRAP, and TRAF6, and ultimately activates NF-kappa-β. CD14 also exists in a soluble form, designated as sCD14, which is capable of specifically binding LPS in the extracellular space. Recombinant sCD14 is a 331 amino acid glycoprotein comprising the extracellular portion of the CD14 receptor.

Supplier: Prosci

Nuclear Transcription Factor Y Subunit alpha (NFYA) is a member of the NFYA/HAP2 subunit family. NFYA founctions as a heterotrimeric transcription factor , which is composed of three components, NF-YA, NF-YB and NF-YC, binds to CCAAT motifs in the promoter regions in a variety of genes. NFYA forms a highly conserved transcription factor which stimulates the transcription of various genes by recognizing and binding to a CCAAT motif in promoters, for example in type 1 collagen, albumin and beta-actin genes.

Supplier: Prosci

Nucelobindin-2 (NUCB2; Nesfatin-1) was first isolated in adipocytes, but is also expressed by gastric mucosa and pancreatic beta cells. This pattern of nucleobindin-2 expression, as well as the presence of nucelobindin-2 within the plasma of rodents and humans, strongly suggests that this compound may act as a circulating regulatory factor. Nucelobindin-2 is reported to reduce food intake after administration. It is responsible for regulating appetite and production of body fat. Excess nucelobindin-2 in the brain leads to a loss of appetite, lack of nesfatin-1 in the brain leads to an increase of appetite.

Supplier: Prosci

Platelet-derived growth factor subunit A (PDGFA), belongs to the PDGF/VEGF growth factor family. PDGFA is a secreted protein, stored in platelet alpha-granules and released by platelets upon wounding. PDGFA is potent mitogens for a variety of cell types including smooth muscle cells, connective tissue cells, bone and cartilage cells, and some blood cells. It plays an essential role in the regulation of embryonic development, cell proliferation, cell migration, survival and chemotaxis. PDGFA is required for normal lung alveolar septum formation during embryogenesis, normal development of the gastrointestinal tract, normal development of Leydig cells and spermatogenesis, normal oligodendrocyte development and normal myelination in the spinal cord and cerebellum. It plays an important role in wound healing; Signaling is modulated by the formation of heterodimers with PDGFB.

Supplier: Prosci

Bcl-2-Like Protein 1 (BCL2L1) is a member of the Bcl-2 family. BCL2L1 is expressed at high levels in cells that undergo a high rate of turnover, such as developing lymphocytes. BCL2L1 is a mitochondrial membrane protein. BCL2L1 contains four motifs, BH1, BH2 and BH4. The BH4 motif is required for anti-apoptotic activity. The BH1 and BH2 motifs are required for both heterodimerization with other Bcl-2 family members and for repression of cell death. BCL2L1 regulates cell death by blocking the voltage-dependent anion channnel (VDAC) and preventing the release of the caspase activator, CYC1, from the mitochondrial membrane. In addition, BCL2L1 promotes apoptosis.

Supplier: Prosci

CD36 (Cluster of Differentiation 36) is also known as platelet membrane glycoprotein IV (GPIV), fatty acid translocase (FAT), thrombospondin receptor, collagen receptor, and scavenger receptor class B, member 3 (SRB3), is a member of the class B scavenger receptor family of cell surface proteins. The human CD36 gene encodes a single chain 472 amino acid residue protein containing both an N- and a C-terminal cytoplasmic tail and an extracellular loop.CD36 is found on platelets, erythrocytes, monocytes, differentiated adipocytes, mammary epithelial cells, spleen cells and some skin microdermal endothelial cells. CD36 is a multiligand pattern recognition receptor that interacts with a large number of structurally dissimilar ligands, including long chain fatty acid (LCFA), advanced glycation end products (AGE), thrombospondin-1, oxidized low-density lipoproteins (oxLDLs), high density lipoprotein (HDL), phosphatidylserine, apoptotic cells, beta-amyloid fibrils (fA?), collagens I and IV, and Plasmodium falciparum infected erythrocytes. CD36 is required for the anti-angiogenic effects of thrombospondin1 In the corneal neovascularization assay. On binding a ligand the protein and ligand are internalized. This internalization is independent of macropinocytosis and occurs by an actin dependent mechanism requiring the activation Src-family kinases, JNK and Rho-family GTPases. CD36 ligands have also been shown to promote sterile inflammation through assembly of a Toll-like receptor 4 and 6 heterodimer.

Supplier: Prosci

Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is also known as LGALS3, 35 kDa lectin, Carbohydrate-binding protein 35 (CBP 35), Galactose-specific lectin 3, Galactoside-binding protein (GALBP), IgE-binding protein, Laminin-binding protein, Mac-2 antigen, Lectin L-29. Galectin-3 is a member of the lectin family. LGALS3 / Galectin-3 is expressed in the nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondrion, cell surface, and extracellular space. LGALS3 / Galectin-3 has been shown to be involved in the following biological processes: cell adhesion, cell activation and chemoattraction, cell growth and differentiation, cell cycle, and apoptosis.

Supplier: Prosci

Mesothelin (MSLN) is also known as CAK1 antigen, Pre-pro-megakaryocyte-potentiating factor, which belongs to the mesothelin family. Mesothelin / MSLN can be proteolytically cleaved into the following two chains by a furin-like convertase: Megakaryocyte-potentiating factor (MPF) and the cleaved form of mesothelin. Both MPF and the cleaved form of mesothelin are N-glycosylated. Mesothelin / MSLN can interacts with MUC16. The membrane-anchored forms of MSLN may play a role in cellular adhesion. MPF potentiates megakaryocyte colony formation in vitro.

Supplier: Prosci

Cytochrome C (CYCS) is a small heme protein that belongs to the cytochrome c family. It is found loosely associated with the inner membrane of the mitochondrion. Cytochrome C is a highly soluble protein that functions as a central component of the electron transport chain in mitochondria. CYCS transfers electrons between Complexes III (Coenzyme Q - Cyt C reductase) and IV (Cyt C oxidase). CYCS plays a role in apoptosis. Suppression of the anti-apoptotic members or activation of the pro-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family leads to altered mitochondrial membrane permeability resulting in release of cytochrome c into the cytosol. Binding of Cytochrome C to Apaf-1 triggers the activation of caspase-9, which then accelerates apoptosis by activating other caspases.

Supplier: Prosci

Calumenin is a secreted calcium-binding protein that belongs to the CREC family. Calumenin contains six EF-hand domains and is expressed at high levels in the heart, placenta and skeletal muscle. Human Calumenin is synthesized as a 315 amino acid precursor that contains a 19 amino acid signal sequence, and a 296 amino acid mature chain. Calumenin localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of mammalian tissues which plays a role in ER functions as protein folding and sorting. Calumenin is involved in the regulation of vitamin K-dependent carboxylation of multiple N-terminal glutamate residues. It seems to inhibit gamma -carboxylase GGCX.

Supplier: Prosci

E-Cadherin is a classical member of the cadherin superfamily. The encoded protein is a calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion glycoprotein composed of five extracellular cadherin repeats, a transmembrane region, and a highly conserved cytoplasmic tail. Mutations in this gene are correlated with gastric, breast, colorectal, thyroid, and ovarian cancers. Loss of function is thought to contribute to progression in cancer by increasing proliferation, invasion, and/or metastasis. The ectodomain of this protein mediates bacterial adhesion to mammalian cells, and the cytoplasmic domain is required for internalization. Identified transcript variants arise from mutation at consensus splice sites. Also, E-Cadherin has a potent invasive suppressor role and it is a ligand for integrin alpha-E/beta-7.

Supplier: Prosci

IL-21 induces the production of IgG1 and IgG3 in B-cells. IL-21 may promote the transition between innate and adaptive immunity. IL-21 may have a role in proliferation and maturation of natural killer cells in synergy with IL15. IL-21 stimulates interferon gamma production in T-cells and natural killer cells by synergy with IL15 and IL18. Dysregulation of IL-21 has a role in multiple immune-mediated diseases including lupus, psoriasis and chronic inflammatory diseases.

Supplier: Prosci

Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1, CD54) binds the leukocyte integrins LFA-1 and Mac1. CD54 expression is weak on leukocytes, epithelial and resting endothelial cells, as well as some other cell types, but expression can be stimulated by IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and LPS. Soluble CD54 is found in a biologically active form in serum, probably as a result of proteolytic cleavage from the cell surface, and is elevated in patients with various inflammatory syndromes such as septic shock, LAD, cancer and transplantation.

Supplier: Prosci

Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily A member 3 is also known as CD85 antigen-like family member E, Immunoglobulin-like transcript 6, ILT-6, Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor 4, LIR-4 and Monocyte inhibitory receptor HM43/HM31. In humans, it is encoded by the LILRA3 gene. It acts as soluble receptor for class I MHC antigens. Binds both classical and non-classical HLA class I molecules but with reduced affinities compared to LILRB1 or LILRB2.It is detected in B-cells, natural killer (NK) cells, peripheral blood monocytes and lung.

Supplier: Prosci

Interferon Regulatory Factor 5 (IRF5) is a member of the IRF family. It contains one IRF tryptophan pentad repeat DNA-binding domain. IRF5 shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. IRF5 can form homodimer when it is phosphorylated. IRF5 functions as a transcription factor involved in the induction of interferons IFNA and INFB and inflammatory cytokines upon virus infection. Genetic variations in IRF5 are associated with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus type 10. In addition, the genetic variations wil result in susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis.

Supplier: Prosci

P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 is the high affinitycounter-receptor for P-selectin on expressed on activated endothelial cells and platelets. As such, it plays a critical role in the tethering of these cells to activated platelets or endothelia expressing P-selectin. As cell adhesion molecules, multiple studies have shown that PSGL-1/ P-selectin interaction is required for the normal recruitment of leukocytes during inflammatory reactions, and also participates in hemostatic responses. PSGL-1 can also bind to other two members of the selectin family, E-selectin (endothelial) and L-selectin (leukocyte), but binds best to P-selectin.

Supplier: Thermo Scientific Chemicals

CAS No.: 80448-90-4
Molecular Formula: C99H156N32O22
Formula Weight: 2146.49
Storage Temperature: -30°C to -10°C
Physical Form: Solid
Appearance: White to off-white
MDL No.: MFCD00076351

Supplier: Prosci

V-set domain-containing T-cell activation inhibitor 1 (VTCN1) is also known as Immune costimulatory protein B7-H4, Protein B7S1, T-cell costimulatory molecule B7x, B7H4, which belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily and BTN/MOG family. VTCN1 contains two Ig-like V-type (immunoglobulin-like) domains. The expression of VTCN1 is up-regulated by IL6 and IL10 and is inhibited by GM-CSF and IL4 on antigen-presenting cells (APCs). VTCN1 / B7-H4 negatively regulates T-cell-mediated immune response by inhibiting T-cell activation, proliferation, cytokine production and development of cytotoxicity. VTCN1 involved in promoting epithelial cell transformation.

Supplier: Prosci

Alpha-1-antitrypsin 1-3(SERPIN A1) is a secreted protein and belongs to the serpin family. Serpins bind the protease active site resulting in a major conformational rearrangement that traps the enzyme in a covalent acyl-enzyme intermediate. Mouse SERPIN A1 is a serine protease inhibitor whose targets include elastase,plasmin, thrombin, trypsin, chymotrypsin, and plasminogen activator. Defects in this gene can cause emphysema orliver disease. Several transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.

Supplier: Prosci

ATG5 is an E2 ubiquitin ligase which is necessary for autophagy. Its expression is a relatively late event in the apoptotic process, occurring downstream of caspase activity, dramatically highly expressed in apoptotic cells. It is activated by ATG7, conjugates to ATG12 and associates with isolation membrane to form cup-shaped isolation membrane and autophagosome. The conjugate complex detaches from the membrane immediately before or after autophagosome formation is completed. ATG5 plays an important role in the apoptotic process, possibly within the modified cytoskeleton.

Supplier: Prosci

CD99 antigen is also known as MIC2, single-chain type-1 glycoprotein, HBA71, MIC2X, MIC2Y, MSK5X, 12E7, which belongs to the CD99 family. CD99 / MIC2 is expressed on all leukocytes but highest on thymocytes. Involved in T-cell adhesion processes and in spontaneous rosette formation with erythrocytes. CD99 / MIC2 plays a role in a late step of leukocyte extravasation helping leukocytes to overcome the endothelial basement membrane. CD99 acts at the same site as, but independently of PECAM1. There is also experimental evidence that it binds to cyclophilin A.

Supplier: Prosci

The protein is the receptor that involved in the costimulatory signal essential for T-lymphocyte proliferation and interleukin-2 production, by binding CD28 or CTLA-4. It may play a critical role in the early events of T-cell activation and costimulation of naive T-cells, such as deciding between immunity and anergy that is made by T-cells within 24 hours after activation. Isoform 2 interferes with the formation of CD86 clusters, and thus acts as a negative regulator of T-cell activation. The protein interacts with MARCH8， human herpesvirus 8 MIR2 protein, adenovirus subgroup B fiber proteins and acts as a receptor for these viruses.It is expressed by activated B-lymphocytes and monocytes and promoted by MARCH8 and results in endocytosis and lysosomal degradation.It contains 1 Ig-like C2-type(immunoglobulin-like) domainand 1 Ig-like V-type (immunoglobulin-like) domain.

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) is a member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) family and is made by the placenta and cardiovascular tissues. GDF-15 regulates inflammatory and apoptotic pathways during cellular stress and injury. GDF-15 is emerging as a biomarker of early heart disease, such that increased levels of circulating GDF-15 are associated with an increased risk of developing heart failure.

Supplier: Prosci

Chloride Intracellular Channel Protein 4 (CLIC4) is a 253 amino acid single-pass membrane protein that localizes to both the nucleus and the cytoplasm and contains one GST C-terminal domain. CLIC4 is expressed in various tissues and exhibits an intracellular vesicular pattern in Panc-1 cells (pancreatic cancer cells). CLIC4 acts as a monomer which is able to form selective ion channels in target proteins, thus facilitating the transport of chloride and other ions. CLIC4 is believed to have a role in apoptosis and is able to translocate to the nucleus under stress conditions. CLIC4 has alternate cellular functions like a potential role in angiogenesis or in maintaining apical-basolateral membrane polarity during mitosis and cytokinesis.

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is a member of the interleukin 6 (IL-6) family that is made by a variety of adult and embryonic tissues. LIF signals through the glycoprotein 130 (gp130)/LIF receptor (LIFR) heterodimer to activate STAT3 and MAPK signaling. LIF functions during hematopoietic differentiation, neuronal cell differentiation, kidney development, and inflammatory processes. Human LIF may also be an important factor during human embryonic stem cell (hESC) self-renewal, pluripotency, and embryonic implantation.

Supplier: Prosci

Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO), also known as SUMO homologue and SMT3, is a member of the superfamily of ubiquitin-like polypeptides that become covalently attached to various intracellular target proteins as a way to alter their function, location, and/or half-life. Small ubiquitin-like modifiers include SUMO1, SUMO2, SUMO3, and SUMO4. Except for SUMO4, all other SUMOs are ubiquitously expressed, including in the brain. In human, SUMO2 and SUMO3 are two highly homologous proteins, collectively called SUMO2/3. Several studies suggest that SUMO3 are associated with pathogenesis in several neurological diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and cerebral ischemia/stroke.