"Tonbo Biosciences"

Supplier: Tonbo Biosciences

Goat anti-Human IgG (H&L) - Affinity Pure, HRP Conjugate, min x w/bovine, mouse or rabbit serum proteins

Supplier: Tonbo Biosciences

The JES6-5H4 antibody binds to mouse Interleukin-2 (IL-2), a 17 kDa cytokine that is secreted by activated T cells. This cytokine acts as an autocrine stimulatory factor for T cell proliferation, differentiation and survival, as well as being an effective activator of B cells and inducer of NK cell cytotoxic functions. IL-2 plays a key modulatory role in the differentiation of T cells toward either Th17 or T regulatory (Treg) cell types and is important for Treg cell function. The IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) is a complex consisting of an IL-2R alpha chain (CD25), along with the IL-2R beta chain (CD122) and the common gamma chain (CD132). IL-2 may also bind with low affinity to the T cell surface protein CD25 alone, although this interaction does not induce cell signaling.

Supplier: Tonbo Biosciences

The Hit3a antibody is specific for human CD3e, also known as CD3 epsilon, a 20 kDa subunit of the T cell receptor complex, along with CD3 gamma and CD3 delta. These integral membrane protein chains assemble with additional chains of the T cell receptor (TCR), as well as CD3 zeta chain, to form the T cell receptor – CD3 complex. Together with co-receptors CD4 or CD8, the complex serves to recognize antigens bound to MHC molecules on antigen-presenting cells. These interactions promote T cell receptor signaling (T cell activation), inducing cell proliferation, differentiation, production of cytokines or activation-induced cell death. CD3 is differentially expressed during thymocyte-to-T cell development and on all mature T cells.

Supplier: Tonbo Biosciences

The RM134L antibody recognizes CD252, also known as OX-40 Ligand or CD134 Ligand, a member of the TNF superfamily that is present on the surface of antigen presenting cells and activated B lymphocytes. The OX-40 Ligand interacts with OX-40 (CD134) which is expressed primarily on activated T cells. This costimulatory interaction leads to increased proliferation and IL-2 production responses of activated T cells, and at the same time enhances proliferation and immunoglobulin secretion by activated B cells.

Supplier: Tonbo Biosciences

The 104 antibody reacts with mouse CD45.2, also known as Ly5.2, which is a strain-specific allelic form of the CD45 Leukocyte Common Antigen (LCA). Functionally, CD45 is a protein tyrosine phosphatase whose broad cell distribution supports a critical role in many leukocyte functions, including regulation of signal transduction and cell activation associated with the T cell and B cell receptors. 

Supplier: Tonbo Biosciences

The GARP5 antibody reacts with human GARP, also known as LRRC32 or Garpin, an 80 kDa transmembrane protein which acts as a receptor for the latent form of TGF-beta 1 (pro-TGF-beta), preventing its secretion. Specifically, GARP is reported to associate with the pro-domain of TGF-beta 1, known as latency-associated peptide (LAP), which must be cleaved to release the biologically active cytokine. The putative role of GARP in sequestering the TGF-beta is important for regulating its activity, as TGF-beta signaling is involved in development and function of Th17, Treg and many other immune cell types. GARP expression has been shown on platelets and at high levels on Foxp3+ Treg cells, where it is proposed to be a phenotypic identifier for activated human Treg cells.

Supplier: Tonbo Biosciences

The 30-F11 antibody reacts with mouse CD45, which is one of the most abundant hematopoietic markers and is expressed on all leukocytes (the Leukocyte Common Antigen, LCA). CD45 is a protein tyrosine phosphatase existing in several isoforms, each being generated and expressed in cell-specific patterns. With its broad cell distribution, CD45 is critical for many leukocyte functions, regulating signal transduction and cell activation associated with the T cell receptor, B cell receptor, and IL-2 receptor. Other forms of CD45, with restricted cellular expression, include CD45R (B220), CD45RA, CD45RB, CD45RO and others. The 30-F11 antibody is widely used as a leukocyte marker for B cells, T cell subsets and NK cell subsets.

Supplier: Tonbo Biosciences

The TER-119 antibody is named for the antigen to which it binds, a 52 kDa surface protein that is associated with glycophorin-A. TER-119 is considered to be a lineage marker for later stages of erythroid cell development, as its expression begins at the pro-erythroblast stage. TER-119 antigen is not expressed at either BFU-E or CFU-E stages, i.e. prior to the pro-erythroblast stage.

Supplier: Tonbo Biosciences

The 16-10A1 antibody reacts with mouse CD80, also known as B7-1, a 55 kDa type I transmembrane protein ligand for CD152 (CTLA-4) and for CD28, a co-stimulatory receptor for the T cell receptor (TCR). CD28 also binds a second B7 ligand known as CD86 (B7-2). Both CD80 and CD86 are expressed on activated B cells and antigen-presenting cells. These ligands trigger CD28 signaling in concert with TCR activation to drive T cell proliferation, induce high-level expression of IL-2, impart resistance to apoptosis, and enhance T cell cytotoxicity. The interaction / co-stimulatory signaling between the B7 ligands and CD28 or CTLA-4 provides crucial communication between T cells and B cells or APCs to coordinate the adaptive immune response.

Supplier: Tonbo Biosciences

The 61D3 antibody is specific for human CD14, a 53-55 kDa GPI-anchored glycoprotein. CD14 is highly expressed on monocytes and to a lesser extent on interfollicular macrophages, and some dendritic cells. Together with LPS-Binding Protein (LBP), CD14 binds to and mediates the innate immune response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

Supplier: Tonbo Biosciences

The Hit8a antibody is specific for the 32-34 kDa alpha chain of human CD8, known as CD8a or CD8 alpha. CD8a can form a homodimer (CD8 alpha-alpha), but is more commonly expressed as a heterodimer with a second chain known as CD8b or CD8 beta. CD8 acts as a co-receptor for antigen recognition and subsequent T cell activation that is initiated upon binding of the T cell receptor (TCR) to antigen-bearing MHC Class I molecules. The cytoplasmic domains of CD8 provide binding sites for the tyrosine kinase lck, facilitating intracellular signaling events that lead to T cell activation, development, and cytotoxic effector functions. CD8+ cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) play an important role in inducing cell death of tumor cells, as well as cells infected by virus, bacteria or parasites.

Supplier: Tonbo Biosciences

The 145-2C11 antibody is specific for mouse CD3e, also known as CD3 epsilon, a 20 kDa subunit of the T cell receptor complex, along with CD3 gamma and CD3 delta. These integral membrane protein chains assemble with additional chains of the T cell receptor (TCR), as well as CD3 zeta chain, to form the T cell receptor – CD3 complex. Together with co-receptors CD4 or CD8, the complex serves to recognize antigens bound to MHC molecules on antigen-presenting cells. Such interactions promote T cell receptor signaling (T cell activation) and can result in a number of cellular responses including proliferation, differentiation, production of cytokines or activation-induced cell death. CD3 is differentially expressed during thymocyte-to-T cell development and on all mature T cells.

Supplier: Tonbo Biosciences

The N418 antibody reacts with mouse CD11c, also known as integrin alpha X. This 150 kDa cell surface glycoprotein is part of a family of integrin receptors that mediate adhesion between cells (cell-cell) and components of the extracellular matrix, e.g. fibrinogen (cell-matrix). In addition, integrins are active signaling receptors which recruit leukocytes to inflammatory sites and promote cell activation. Complete, functional integrin receptors consist of distinct combinations of integrin chains which are differentially expressed. Integrin alpha X (CD11c) assembles with Integrin beta-2 (CD18) into a receptor complex known as CR4 which can bind and induce signaling through ICAMs and VCAM-1 on endothelial cells and can also facilitate removal of iC3b bearing foreign cells.

Supplier: Tonbo Biosciences

The O323 antibody reacts with human CD27 (TNFRSF7), a cell surface homodimer of 55 kDa subunits, which provides co-stimulatory signaling in support of the T cell (TCR) and B cell (BCR) receptors. By comparison with CD28, whose TCR co-stimulatory signal can trigger cell proliferation, CD27 signaling appears to promote cell survival and differentiation to effector / memory stages. Also in contrast with CD28, the CD27 receptor may be shed following interaction with its ligand CD70, which is typically expressed on activated dendritic cells, T cells and B cells. With respect to B cells, CD27 is considered to be a phenotypic marker for memory B cells. CD27 has been included within a group of phenotypic markers for identifying human B regulatory cells (Bregs), a cell type proposed to regulate CD4+ T cell proliferation and Foxp3 / CTLA-4 expression in Treg cells.

Supplier: Tonbo Biosciences

Goat anti-Guinea Pig IgG (H&L) - Affinity Pure, HRP Conjugate, min x w/bovine, chicken, goat, hamster, horse, human

Supplier: Tonbo Biosciences

The DATK32 antibody is specific for a combinatorial epitope of the mouse integrin alpha 4/beta 7 (LPAM-1) heterodimer. LPAM-1 is expressed on most mature lymphocytes and sub-populations of thymocytes and bone marrow cells. It is involved in lymphocyte adhesion and migration and is a receptor for several extracellular matrix proteins including VCAM-1, fibronectin, and MAdCAM-1.