127976 Results for: "Bioss"

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Important role in the capacity of milk to transport calcium phosphate.Casoxin D acts as opioid antagonist and has vasorelaxing activity mediated by bradykinin B1.

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DHRS1 (dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR family) member 1), also known as SDR19C1, is a 313 amino acid protein that belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family and likely functions as an oxidoreductase. Abundantly expressed in heart and liver, DHRS1 contains an SDR motif and is encoded by a gene that maps to human chromosome 14q12. Human chromosome 14 houses over 700 genes and comprises nearly 3.5% of the human genome. Chromosome 14 encodes the presinilin 1 (PSEN1) gene, which is one of the three key genes associated with the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The SERPINA1 gene is also located on chromosome 14 and, when defective, leads to the genetic disorder ?-antitrypsin deficiency, which is characterized by severe lung complications and liver dysfunction.

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GIMAP3p is a murine mitochondrial membrane protein belonging to the GTP-binding superfamily and to the immuno-associated nucleotide (IAN) subfamily of nucleotide-binding proteins. The IAN/GIMAP family consists of GTP-binding proteins that share a unique primary structure and whose expression is finely regulated by T-cell receptor signals. Recent studies have shown that IAN/GIMAP family proteins crucially regulate the survival of T cells during development, selection and homeostasis, and are possibly linked to the onset of T-lymphopenia, leukemia and autoimmunity. IAN/GIMAP family proteins might also take part in mitochondrial regulation of lymphocyte apoptosis by interacting with Bcl-2 family proteins. The human GIMAP (GTPase of the immunity-associated protein) gene family includes seven functional members residing on (human) chromosome 7q36.1 and one pseudogene (hGIMAP3).

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The small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) proteins, which include SUMO-1, SUMO-2 and SUMO-3, belong to the ubiquitin-like protein family. Like ubiquitin, the SUMO proteins are synthesized as precursor proteins that undergo processing before conjugation to target proteins. Also, both utilize the E1, E2, and E3 cascade enzymes for conjugation. However, SUMO and ubiquitin differ with respect to targeting. Ubiquitination predominantly targets proteins for degradation, whereas sumoylation targets proteins to a variety of cellular processing, including nuclear transport, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis and protein stability. The unconjugated SUMO-1, SUMO-2 and SUMO-3 proteins localize to the nuclear membrane, nuclear bodies and cytoplasm, respectively. SUMO-1 utilizes Ubc9 for conjugation to several target proteins, which include IkBa, MDM2, p53, PML and Ran GAP1. SUMO-2 and SUMO-3 contribute to a greater percentage of protein modification than does SUMO-1, and unlike SUMO-1, they can form polymeric chains. In addition, SUMO-3 regulates b-Amyloid generation and may be critical in the onset or progression of Alzheimer’s disease.

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Exhibits intrisinic GTPase activity. Shows a higher affinity for GDP over GTP (about 12-fold higher), and binding shows an absolute requirement for magnesium.Tissue specificity:Highly expressed in spleen and peripheral blood leukocytes that contain mostly T- and B-lymphocytes. Expressed specifically in resting T- and B-lymphocytes and expression significantly decreases during B- or T-lymphocyte activation. Expressed at lower levels in thymus, ovary, colon and small intestine.

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Involved in the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation via the von Hippel-Lindau ubiquitination complex. Seems to act as target recruitment subunit in the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex and recruits hydroxylated hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) under normoxic conditions. Involved in transcriptional repression through interaction with HIF1A, HIF1AN and histone deacetylases.

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Has no ubiquitin ligase activity on its own. The UBE2V1-UBE2N heterodimer catalyzes the synthesis of non-canonical poly-ubiquitin chains that are linked through Lys-63. This type of poly-ubiquitination activates IKK and does not seem to involve protein degradation by the proteasome. Plays a role in the activation of NF-kappa-B mediated by IL1B, TNF, TRAF6 and TRAF2. Mediates transcriptional activation of target genes. Plays a role in the control of progress through the cell cycle and differentiation. Plays a role in the error-free DNA repair pathway and contributes to the survival of cells after DNA damage.

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EFHC2 contains 3 DM10 domains, followed by 3 putative EF-hand motifs. There are two named isoforms produced by alternative splicing. EFHC2 can be used as a quantitative trait locus for fear recognition in Turner syndrome.EF-HC2 is a 749 amino acid protein containing three DM10 domains and an EF-hand domain. EF-HC2 shares 41.6% homology with EF-HC1, and is widely expressed in peripheral tissues and central nervous system. The gene encoding EF-HC2 maps to human chromosome Xp11.3 and is critical for recognition of facial fear and harm avoidance. Turner syndrome, characterized by deficits in social cognition and recognition of facial fear, has been linked to the EF-HC2 gene. Deletion of the EF-HC2 gene may be associated with Norrie disease, an X-linked disorder that primarily effects the eye, and may also be linked to juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. EF-HC2 exists as two isoforms due to alternative splicing events.

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May function in the assembly or regulation of proteins in the cornified envelope. The LIM domain may be involved in homotypic or heterotypic associations and may function to localize sciellin to the cornified envelope.Tissue specificity:Highly expressed in esophagus. It is also expressed in keratinocytes, amniotic tissue, foreskin stratum spinosum and stratum granulosum, hair follicle and nail.

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CCNYL1 belongs to the cyclin family, Cyclin Y subfamily and contains 1 cyclin N terminal domain. The specific function of CCNYL1 is not yet known.

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DPP6 is a Type-II serine proteinase of the clan SC. The clan SC proteinases have a catalytic triad of Ser-Asp-His, and like other Serine proteinases, the active site serine is in a Gly-Xaa-Ser-Xaa -Gly orientation. DPP6 has an Asp instead of Ser in the catalytic site. DPP6 is a member of a broader family of dipeptidyl peptidases including DPP4, FAP/Seprase, DPP2, DPP8, DPP9, DPP10, which have differing substrate specificity and tissue localizations. The surface-bound DPP6 is a homodimer, and cleavage of in the stalk region releases a shed form of DPP6. The shed is the form found in serum. DPP6 has been found in highest abundance in the brain, but also in the kidney, liver and lung.

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Inactivates MAPK1 and MAPK3 which leads to dephosphorylation of heat shock factor protein 4 and a reduction in its DNA-binding activity. Inhibits MAP kinase p38 by dephosphorylating it and inhibits p38-mediated apoptosis in anaplastic thyroid cancer cells. Can also induce activation of MAP kinase p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK).Tissue specificity:Brain. In the brain it is expressed ubiquitously except in the hippocampus. Expressed in embryonal cancers (retinoblastoma, neuroepithilioma and neuroblastoma) and in anaplatic thyroid cancer.

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Positive modulator of ATM response to DNA damage.

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Cyclins are a family of proteins involved in the progression of cells through the cell cycle. Cyclins are so named because their concentration varies in a cyclical fashion during the cell cycle; they are produced or degraded as needed in order to drive the cell through the different stages of the cell cycle. Cyclin J has an RNA expression pattern that suggests a possible role in early embryogenesis.

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Members of the EF-CBP (N-terminal EF-hand calcium binding protein)/NECAB (neuronal calcium-binding protein) family participate in neuronal calcium signaling. EF-CBP2, also known as NECAB2 (N-terminal EF-hand calcium binding protein 2), neuronal calcium-binding protein 2 or synaptotagmin-interacting protein 2 (Stip-2), is a 386 amino acid cytoplasmic protein that contains one antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase (ABM) domain and two EF-hand domains. Expressed in brain, EF-CBP2 is suggested to bind metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR-5) in a calcium-regulated manner. The gene encoding EF-CBP2 maps to human chromosome 16, which encodes over 900 genes and comprises nearly 3% of the human genome. The rare disorder Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome is also associated with chromosome 16, as is Crohn's disease, which is a gastrointestinal inflammatory condition.

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SMC4 is a central component of the condensin complex, which is required for conversion of interphase chromatin into mitotic-like condense chromosomes. The condensin complex probably introduces positive supercoils into relaxed DNA in the presence of type I topoisomerases and converts nicked DNA into positive knotted forms in the presence of type II topoisomerases.

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CDK5 (Cyclin Dependent Kinase 5) is serine/threonine kinase involved in synaptic regulation and neuronal development; phosphorylates synaptic protein Pctaire1; regulates acetylcholine receptor expression. CDK5 is a member of the cyclindependent kinase family of serine/threonine kinases. It is present in numerous mammalian tissues including kidney, testes, and ovary. Its activity is detected almost exclusively in brain extracts. Neuronal and muscle cells contain the highest amount of this protein. Similar to other Cdks, monomeric Cdk5 displays no enzymatic activity, but Cdk5 is not activated by cyclins. Instead, the p35 protein, which is expressed solely in the brain, activates Cdk5. Cdk5 interacts with D1 and D3 type G1 cyclins and can phosphorylate histone H1, TAU, MAP2 and NF-H and NF-M. Cdk5 activity is involved in terminal differentiation of neurons and muscle cells.

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Anti-CHORDC1 Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody

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CatSpers (cation channel, sperm associated proteins) are ion transport proteins located on the surface of sperm cells in the principal piece of the sperm tail. CatSpers are vital to sperm motility, fertilization and cAMP-mediated calcium influx in sperm. There are four CatSper proteins in mammalian sperm, namely CatSper (or CatSper1), CatSper2, CatSper3 and CatSper4. CatSper proteins contain a single, six-transmembrane-spanning segment and exhibit the voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel four-repeat structure. CatSper proteins are believed to assemble into a heterotetrameric complex, forming an alkalinization-activated Ca2+-selective channel. Mutations in any of the genes encoding CatSper family proteins can result in male infertility. CatSper3 plays an important role in the hyperactivated motility of sperm cells, a process that is required in the preparation of sperm for fertilization.

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SNX27 is involved in endocytic trafficking. In T lymphocytes it participates in the endocytic recycling pathway. SNX27 recruits PSCDBP and HT4R to early endosomes.

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Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is an acid- and heat-stable 53 amino acid protein originally found in rodents and humans. It has been shown to be a potent mitogen for a variety of cell types both in vivo and in vitro. EGF binds to the EGF receptor on the surface of cells and mediates intrinsic phosphorylation of the receptor on tyrosine residues. It has been detected in nearly all body fluids, such as urine (urogastrone), saliva, milk and platelet-rich plasma. EGF, TGF?and vaccinia virus growth factor exhibit 30-40% amino acid homology. Several additional members of the EGF/TGF family have been described; these include Cripto, Amphiregulin and the heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor. Amphiregulin and the heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor both bind to the EGF receptor.

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Neuropilin 1 is a membrane-bound coreceptor to a tyrosine kinase receptor for both Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Semaphorin family members. Neuropilin 1 plays versatile roles in angiogenesis, axon guidance, cell survival, migration, and invasion.

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The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. This gene is preferentially expressed in a variety of hematopoietic cells, and is an early response gene in lymphokine stimulated cells. The non-catalytic N-terminus of this PTP can interact with MAP kinases and suppress the MAP kinase activities. This PTP was shown to be involved in the regulation of T cell antigen receptor (TCR) signaling, which was thought to function through dephosphorylating the molecules related to MAP kinase pathway. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq].

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C3orf58 (chromosome 3 open reading frame 58), also known as DIA1, is a 430 amino acid secreted protein that belongs to the UPF0672 family. C3orf58 is encoded by a gene that maps to human chromosome 3q24. Chromosome 3 is made up of approximately 214 million bases encoding over 1,100 genes. Notably, there is a chemokine receptor gene cluster and a variety of human cancer related loci on chromosome 3. Particular regions of the chromosome 3 short arm are deleted in many types of cancer cells. Key tumor suppressing genes on chromosome 3 encode apoptosis mediator RASSF1, cell migration regulator HYAL1 and angiogenesis suppressor SEMA3B. Marfan Syndrome, porphyria, von Hippel-Lindau syndrome, osteogenesis imperfecta and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease are a few of the numerous genetic diseases associated with chromosome 3.

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Pleiotropic regulator of mitotic progression, participating in the control of spindle dynamics and chromosome separation. Phosphorylates different histones, myelin basic protein, beta-casein, and BICD2. Phosphorylates histone H3 on serine and threonine residues and beta-casein on serine residues. Important for G1/S transition and S phase progression.

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Axotrophin is a stem cell gene that encodes a protein which is involved in T lymphocyte regulation (especially in regulating the proliferation) and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) release. LIF is a neuropoietic cytokine that is important for stem cell regulation and thymocyte stimulation. Both Axotrophin and LIF are linked to transplantation intolerance. Axotrophin is also involved in corpus callosum differentiation and may play a role in glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)-dependent sensory neuron survival in the substantia gelatinosa of the adult spinal cord. Axotrophin is primarily expressed in the hippocampus, cortex, purkinje and granule cells of the cerebellum.

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Three different forms of human pancreatic procarboxypeptidase A have been isolated. This gene encodes a monomeric pancreatic exopeptidase involved in zymogen inhibition. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2009].

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The proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity. Binds to the C-terminus of CDKN1A and thereby mediates its degradation. Negatively regulates the membrane trafficking of the cell-surface thromboxane A2 receptor (TBXA2R) isoform 2.

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Transcription factor that binds DNA in a non-specific manner, yet also specifically recognizes the core sequence 5'-CAC[GA]TG-3'. Activates the transcription of growth-related genes.

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Plasma membrane-type Ca2+-ATPases (PMCAs) mediate the export of bivalent calcium ions from eukaryotic cells. As members of the P class of ion-motive ATPases, PMCAs are a functionally diverse group of proteins that are derived from alternatively spliced transcripts originating from at least four distinct genes. The expression of different PMCA isoforms and splice variants is regulated in a developmental, tissue- and cell type-specific manner, and with respect to the physiological needs of specific cell and tissue types. Spatial and temporal rates of resting intracellular Ca2+ concentrations and Ca2+ signaling in eukaryotic cells are dependent on the array of PMCA isoforms that are expressed in concert with the rate of Ca2+ export. PMCA1 (ATP2B1) is a ubiquitously expressed form of the PMCA calcium exporter family.