You searched for: Proteins and Peptides

Supplier: ACROBIOSYSTEMS

Human Siglec-15 / CD33L3 Protein, Fc Tag.

Supplier: ACROBIOSYSTEMS

Human Mucin-1 / MUC-1 (1036-1155) Protein, His Tag.

Supplier: ACROBIOSYSTEMS

Biotinylated Human 4-1BB / TNFRSF9 protein, His,Avitag™(MALS verified).

Supplier: ACROBIOSYSTEMS

Human recombinant CD7 (from HEK293 cells), FITC (Fluorescein Isothiocyanate)

Supplier: ACROBIOSYSTEMS

Human recombinant integrin isoform alpha-7X2B beta 1 (from HEK293)

Supplier: ACROBIOSYSTEMS

Biotinylated Human CD39 / ENTPD1 protein, His,Avitag™ (MALS verified) (active enzyme).

Supplier: ACROBIOSYSTEMS

Human BAFF / TNFSF13B / CD257 protein, His,Flag Tag, active trimer (MALS verified).

Supplier: Biorbyt

Varicella zoster virus (VZV) glycoprotein (Ellen strain) (from lung cell culture (embryo))

Supplier: STEMCELL Technologies

Fluorescent dye conjugates for detection of F-actin in cell culture experiments - 300 tests.

Supplier: STEMCELL Technologies

Fluorescent dye conjugates for staining cell membranes of gram-positive bacteria, mammalian cells, and yeast bud scars - 1000 µg.

Supplier: STEMCELL Technologies

The B18R protein, which is encoded by the B18R open reading frame in the Western Reserve (WR) strain of vaccinia virus, is a type I interferon (IFN)-binding protein that is known to inhibit IFN antiviral response (Colamonici et al.). B18R protein has been shown to exhibit neutralizing activity to type I interferon family members (Meyers et al.) and to protect cells from the antiviral effects of interferon (Vancová et al.). It was recently shown that HIV-1–dependent induction of type I IFN activity and BAFF protein levels was abrogated by the soluble B18R protein, with no effect observed on the cell viability (Gomez et al.). B18R protein has been reported to aid in cellular reprogramming using RNA-mediated gene delivery (Warren et al.; Yoshioka N et al.).

Supplier: STEMCELL Technologies

A member of the pentraxin family of proteins, C-reactive protein (CRP) plays important roles in host defenses, including regulating complement activation in vivo (Sjoberg et al.), decreasing nitric oxide production, and inhibiting angiogenesis in vitro (Verma et al., 2002). At specific concentrations, CRP directly inhibits endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) differentiation, survival, and function, and is thus implicated in the development of cardiovascular diseases (Verma et al., 2004). CRP is primarily synthesized by liver hepatocytes, but also by other immune cells, such as macrophages and lymphocytes (Sproston and Ashworth). The expression of this acute-phase protein is induced by IL-6 and IL-1 secretion of macrophages and T-cells during inflammation. For consistency and reproducibility across your applications, C-reactive protein from STEMCELL comes lyophilised with ≥87% purity, and endotoxin levels are verified to be ≤1,0 EU/μg protein.

Supplier: STEMCELL Technologies

Noggin binds to and antagonizes bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) ligands of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) family. Noggin supports maintenance of undifferentiated human embryonic stem cells cultured in mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF)-conditioned medium (Chaturvedi et al.), and promotes dopaminergic differentiation of embryonic stem cells and subsequent survival of dopamine neurons (Chiba et al.). Noggin is essential for development of ectodermal structures including neural tube, tooth, hair follicle, and eye, as well as patterning of mesodermal somites and skeletal structures. It also influences chondrogenesis, osteogenesis, and joint formation (Krause et al.).

Supplier: STEMCELL Technologies

Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) is synthesized as an inactive precursor protein or pro-IL-1β. This precursor is cleaved intracellularly by caspase 1 (IL-1β convertase) to form the active form of the protein that is later secreted (Allan et al.). IL-1β binds to IL-1 receptor and activates intracellular signaling via the MAPK or NF-κB pathway. IL-1β is released by monocytes, tissue macrophages, and dendritic cells in response to infection or injury and induces expression of acute-phase proteins. It also promotes the infiltration of inflammatory and immunocompetent cells from the circulation into the extravascular space and affected tissues, by stimulating the expression of adhesion molecules on endothelial cells. IL-1β also affects other immune cells; for example, it co-stimulates T cell functions together with an antigen or mitogen. It also stimulates Th17 differentiation and B cell proliferation in an IL-6-dependent manner.

Supplier: STEMCELL Technologies

Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) is a member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) superfamily. BMP-2 is a disulfide-linked homodimer, acts as a ligand for complexes of type I and II BMP receptors, and primarily activates SMAD1/5/8 signaling (Nohe et al.). BMP-2 is a potent differentiation factor and directs human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) towards various cell types including extra-embryonic endoderm, mesenchymal cells, and chondrocytes (Pera et al.). Although BMP-2 expression is low in healthy cartilage, its expression is upregulated at the site of cartilage damage (Blaney Davidson et al.). BMP-2 induces bone and cartilage formation in vitro and is able to induce chondrogenesis in human mesenchymal stem cells (Schmitt et al.). This product is animal component-free.

Supplier: STEMCELL Technologies

Interleukin 7 (IL-7) is a member of the type I cytokine family that is critical for T and B cell development and survival. It is produced by non-hematopoietic cells in the thymus, lymphoid organs, and by bone marrow stromal cells (Lundström et al.). IL-7 binds to a receptor composed of common gamma chain and IL-7Ra (CD127) and signals through the JAK/STAT and PI3K pathways. IL-7 regulates the survival of naïve and memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, γδ T cells, NK T cells, innate lymphoid cells, and T regulatory cells (Carrette and Surh), and provides signals to promote survival, proliferation, and differentiation during B cell development (Clark et al.; Corfe and Paige).

Supplier: STEMCELL Technologies

Transforming growth factor (TGF) beta 3 is a member of the TGF-β superfamily and regulates diverse cellular phenotypes. TGF-beta 3 binds to serine-threonine kinase type I and II receptors and activates signal transduction through SMAD2/3 proteins, thus regulating a variety of functions, including cell proliferation, differentiation, wound healing, apoptosis, and metabolism (Massagué; McDowell et al.). TGF-beta 3 enhances glycosaminoglycan production by mesenchymal stromal cells, stimulates scar-free healing, and improves glucose tolerance and phenotypic changes in adipocyte morphology (Hall et al.; Holton et al.). TGF-beta 3 induces proliferation of posterofrontal suture-derived mesenchymal stromal cells, and stimulates expression of fibroblast growth factors 2 and 18 (James et al.). This product is animal component-free.

Supplier: STEMCELL Technologies

Interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1α) is a member of the IL-1 family and a dual-function cytokine. Both the unprocessed precursor and a processed IL-1α protein signal through IL-1 receptor type 1 (IL-1R1). Various cells, including keratinocytes, thymic epithelium, hepatocytes, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and the epithelial cells of mucous membranes, have high levels of intracellular IL-1α precursor. The precursor is also expressed on the surface of monocytes and B lymphocytes (Netea et al.). IL-1α recruits infiltrating cells to a site of injury during necrosis and plays an important role during processes of sterile inflammation (Cohen et al.; Rider et al.). During hypoxia, IL-1α contributes to angiogenesis (Carmi et al.). Studies in mice show that IL-1α is produced by microglia-like cells after ischemic brain injury, which contributes to the inflammation (Luheshi et al.).

Supplier: STEMCELL Technologies

Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is a member of the lipocalin superfamily, which share a highly conserved fold containing an eight-stranded antiparallel beta barrel (Flower), and transport small hydrophobic molecules. Playing a role in innate immunity, Lipocalin-2 acts as a potent bacteriostatic reagent by sequestering iron-containing siderophores (Flo et al.). It is mainly expressed in activated neutrophils, but is also secreted by other immune cells in response to infection. Lipocalin-2 has been implicated in multiple cellular processes, such as differentiation (Yang et al.), migration (Du et al.), and apoptosis (Devireddy et al.). In vitro studies suggest that lipocalin-2 is a potential therapeutic target for certain cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC; Zhang et al.) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (Bauvois et al.). This protein product contains a His-residue tag at the carboxyl end of the polypeptide chain. For consistency and reproducibility across your applications, lipocalin-2 from STEMCELL comes lyophilised with ≥94% purity, and endotoxin levels are verified to be ≤1.0 EU/μg protein.

Supplier: STEMCELL Technologies

Interleukin 12 (IL-12p70) is a heterodimeric cytokine composed of p35 and p40 subunits. IL-12 is produced by monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils and B cells in response to bacterial products and cytokines such as IFN-γ. The IL-12 receptor is expressed on T, NK, and dendritic cells. Upon binding, IL-12 initiates signaling via the JAK/STAT signaling pathway and stimulates NK, B, and T cells to produce IFN-γ (Watford et al.). It also regulates cytokine synthesis, proliferation of T and NK cells, and stimulates differentiation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells (Germann and Rüde). Mice that are deficient in IL-12 are susceptible to many intracellular pathogens and have impaired IFN-γ secretion, Th1 differentiation and NK cytolytic activity; however, Th2 development and IL-4 production are enhanced (Watford et al.).

Supplier: STEMCELL Technologies

Human Interleukin 4 (IL-4) is important for immune responses to helminth infection as well as in allergic responses (Olpihant et al.). The IL-4 receptor consists of a heterodimer of IL-4Ra and common gamma chain. IL-4 receptor engagement leads to the activation of JAK1/3 and the recruitment of STAT6 and IRS1/2 (Nelms et al.). IL-4 drives immunoglobulin class switching in B cells (to IgE, IgG4), mast cell hyperplasia, mucus production, and the differentiation of naïve T cells into Th2 cells, which produce IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13 (Bao et al.; Nelms et al.; Olpihant et al.). In addition to Th2 cells, IL-4 is produced by CD4+ NK T cells, γ/δ T cells, activated basophils, eosinophils, and mast cells. Human IL-4 does not cross-react with mouse cells (Park et al.).

Supplier: STEMCELL Technologies

Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like growth factor (HBEGF) is a member of the EGF family (Nishi and Klagsbrun). HBEGF promotes blastocyst adhesion to the uterine wall (Iwamoto and Mekada). It also plays a role in smooth muscle cell hyperplasia and brain injury (Nishi and Klagsburn). HBEGF produced by CD4+ T cells promotes wound healing by stimulating migration and proliferation of keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and smooth muscle cells (Blotnick et al.). It binds to EGFR, ErbB4, ErbB2, and ErbB3, activating the PI3K/AKT signaling cascade (Iwamoto and Mekada). HBEGF is produced in a variety of cells, where it contributes to physiological and pathological processes. HBEGF is overexpressed in ovarian, breast, gastric, colorectal, pancreatic, and endometrial cancers, which likely contributes to pathogenesis (Miyata et al.). This product is animal component-free.

Supplier: STEMCELL Technologies

Vascular endothelial growth factor D (VEGF-D) is a member of the VEGF/platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) family of proteins. VEGF-D is a potent angiogenic factor and promotes lymphangiogenesis, endothelial cell growth and survival, and can affect blood vessel permeability. VEGF-D is expressed in the lung, heart, small intestine, fetal lung, and at lower levels in the pancreas, colon, and skeletal muscle (Otrock et al.; Roy et al.; Stacker et al.; Yamada et al.). VEGF-D is a ligand for VEGF receptors 2 (Flk1) and 3 (Flt4) (Baldwin et al.). VEFGR-3 is highly expressed in lymphatic endothelial cells and is essential for their growth and differentiation (Otrock et al.; Roy et al.). Binding of VEGF-D to neuropilins contributes to VEGFR-3 signaling during lymphangiogenesis, whereas binding to integrin α9β1 promotes endothelial cell adhesion and migration (Roy et al.; Otrock et al.). During embryogenesis, VEGF-D also plays a role in the formation of the venous and lymphatic systems.

Supplier: STEMCELL Technologies

Interleukin 3 (IL-3) is a species-specific pleiotropic cytokine that promotes the survival and proliferation of pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells and lineage-committed progenitor cells and their differentiation into mature cells of most lineages, including basophils, neutrophils, eosinophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, erythrocytes, and megakaryocytes (Yang et al.; Dorssers et al.; Broughton et al.). IL-3 is produced by activated T cells and has a physiological role in inflammation and allergies by promoting the secretion of inflammatory mediators such as histamine, IL-4, and IL-6 by basophils and eosinophils (Broughton et al.). The IL-3 receptor consists of a unique alpha subunit (CD123) and a beta common subunit (βc or CD131) that is shared with the receptors for IL-5 and GM-CSF, and is the principal signal transduction subunit for these cytokines. IL-3 binding to the heterodimeric receptor activates JAK/STAT, MAPK, and PI3K signaling pathways (Woodcock et al.). This product is animal component-free.

Supplier: STEMCELL Technologies

Interleukin 19 (IL-19) is a member of the IL-10 cytokine family and is produced by keratinocytes, B cells, and monocytes (Romer et al.; Wolk et al.). Expression of IL-19 can be induced by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS; Gallagher et al.). IL-19 is considered to be a proinflammatory cytokine, as it upregulates IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α; Liao et al. 2002). IL-19 binds the IL-20 receptor complex (IL-20R) which comprises IL-20R alpha and IL-20R beta to activate the STAT3 pathway (Dumoutier et al.). IL-19 also induces T-helper cell differentiation towards a Th2 response, resulting in the production of IL-10 and additional IL-19 (Liao et al. 2002; Liao et al. 2004). IL-19 has been implicated in aging, vascular disease, Type I diabetes, and rheumatoid arthritis.

Supplier: STEMCELL Technologies

Interleukin 2 (IL-2) is a monomeric cytokine that was originally identified as a T cell growth factor (Gaffen and Liu). It binds to heterotrimeric receptors consisting of CD25, CD122, and CD132. Upon binding, it activates JAK3-, STAT5-, and AKT-dependent signaling pathways, which results in cellular proliferation and survival (Ma et al.). The majority of IL-2 is secreted by activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, although B cells and dendritic cells were found to produce IL-2 in small amounts. IL-2 downregulates immune responses to prevent autoimmunity during thymic development, influences the development of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells, and affects development of follicular helper T cells. IL-2 also controls inflammation by inhibiting Th17 differentiation (Banchereau et al.). High IL-2 levels in serum are associated with progression of scleroderma, rheumatoid arthritis, and gastric and non-small cell lung cancer, though no known disease can be directly attributed to the lack or excess of IL-2 (Gaffen and Liu).

Supplier: STEMCELL Technologies

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a member of the CSF family of glycoproteins that regulate hematopoietic cell proliferation, differentiation, and function. It is a key cytokine involved in the production of neutrophils and the stimulation of granulocyte colony formation from hematopoietic progenitor cells (Metcalf andamp; Nicola). G-CSF causes a range of effects including a transient reduction of SDF-1 expression (Petit et al.), the activation of metalloproteases that cleave VCAM-1 (Levesque et al.), and the release of norepinephrine from the sympathetic nervous system (Katayama et al.), leading to the release or mobilisation of hematopoietic stem cells from the bone marrow into the periphery. The G-CSF receptor is expressed on a variety of hematopoietic cells, including myeloid-committed progenitor cells, neutrophils, granulocytes, and monocytes. In addition to hematopoietic cells, G-CSF is also expressed in cardiomyocytes, neuronal cells, mesothelial cells, and endothelial cells. Binding of G-CSF to its receptor leads to activation of the JAK/STAT, MAPK, PI3K, and AKT signal transduction pathways.

Supplier: STEMCELL Technologies

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a member of the CSF family of glycoproteins that regulate hematopoietic cell proliferation, differentiation, and function. It is a key cytokine involved in the production of neutrophils and the stimulation of granulocyte colony formation from hematopoietic progenitor cells (Metcalf and Nicola). G-CSF causes a range of effects including a transient reduction of SDF-1 expression (Petit et al.), the activation of metalloproteases that cleave VCAM-1 (Levesque et al.), and the release of norepinephrine from the sympathetic nervous system (Katayama et al.), leading to the release or mobilisation of hematopoietic stem cells from the bone marrow into the periphery. The G-CSF receptor is expressed on a variety of hematopoietic cells, including myeloid-committed progenitor cells, neutrophils, granulocytes, and monocytes. In addition to hematopoietic cells, G-CSF is also expressed in cardiomyocytes, neuronal cells, mesothelial cells, and endothelial cells. Binding of G-CSF to its receptor leads to activation of the JAK/STAT, MAPK, PI3K, and AKT signal transduction pathways. This product is animal component-free.

Supplier: STEMCELL Technologies

Interleukin 31 (IL-31), a four-helix bundle inflammatory cytokine, belongs to the IL-6 cytokine family which includes IL-6, oncostatin M, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), and cardiotrophin-1 ( Dillon et al.). IL-31 signals through a heterodimer composed of IL-31RA (also known as gp130-like receptor or GPL) and the oncostatin-M receptor (OSMR), both of which are expressed on monocytes (Diveu et al.; Ghilardi et al.), epithelial cells (Ip et al.), and keratinocytes (Kato et al.). Signaling through the GPL/OSMR complex activates the JAK/STAT, RAS/ERK, and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways, resulting in the downstream activation of STAT1, STAT3, and STAT5 transcription factors (Cornelissen et al.; Dambacher et al.; Dillon et al.; Ip et al.). IL-31 responses have been associated with allergic responses and inflammatory skin diseases including atopic dermatitis (Cornelissen et al.; Gangemi et al.).

Supplier: STEMCELL Technologies

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) promotes the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic progenitor cells and the generation of neutrophils, eosinophils, and macrophages. In synergy with other cytokines such as stem cell factor, IL-3, erythropoietin, and thrombopoietin, it also stimulates erythroid and megakaryocyte progenitor cells (Barreda et al.). GM-CSF is produced by multiple cell types, including stromal cells, Paneth cells, macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs), endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, chondrocytes, and Th1 and Th17 cells (Francisco-Cruz et al.). The receptor for GM-CSF (GM-CSFR) is composed of two subunits: the cytokine-specific α subunit (GMRα; CD116) and the common subunit βc (CD131) shared with IL-3 and IL-5 receptors (Broughton et al.). GM-CSFR is expressed on hematopoietic cells, including progenitor cells and immune cells, as well as non-hematopoietic cells. GM-CSF is able to stimulate the development of DCs that ingest, process, and present antigens to the immune system (Francisco-Cruz et al.).