650 Ergebnisse für: "Shenandoah Biotechnology"

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US-made bioactive recombinant proteins offer rigid quality testing and low manufacturer pricing.

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Transforming growth factors (TGFs) are multifunctional peptides that regulate growth and differentiation in most cell types. The TGF-β family of proteins signal through serine/threonine kinase receptors. TGF-β isoforms (TGF-β1, -β2, and –β3) have overlapping, yet distinct biological actions in developing and adult tissues. TGF-β3 is an important factor in regulating cell adhesion and accelerating wound repair. TGF-β3 also functions during osteoblast proliferation, chemotaxis, and collagen synthesis.

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Acidic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-acidic), also known as FGF-1, is a potent inducer of DNA synthesis, cell proliferation, and has chemotactic activities. FGF-acidic regulates cardiogenesis through protein kinase C signaling. FGF-acidic also functions as an insulin sensitizer and mediates adipose tissue remodeling. High serum levels of FGF-acidic are associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), suggesting a pathogenic role of FGF-acidic during T2DM.

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Stromal cell-derived factor-1 beta (SDF-1 β), also called CXCL12b, is one of two SDF-1 splice variants made by a wide variety of cells upon stimulation by inflammatory cytokines such as TNF, IL-1, and LPS. SDF-1 β signals through the G protein-coupled receptor CXCR4 to recruit activated leukocytes.

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Cytokines for expansion and cell culture of mouse hematopoietic stem cells. Hematopoietic stem cells are self renewing pluripotent cells often characterized by the expression of CD34. Studies have shown that decreased expression of CD34 tends to correlate with decreased self renewal properties and pluripotent potential. Culturing CD34+ cells in a cytokine mixture of TPO, SCF, and FLT-3 Ligand for short time periods allows CD34+ cells to proliferate without decreasing CD34 expression, thus retaining their stem cell properties.

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BalanCD™ CHO Feed 3 is a chemically-defined, animal component-free feed medium designed to increase process yields of antibodies and recombinant proteins in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells in fed-batch mode.

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Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) exerts its effects by binding to the EGF Receptor, a protein kinase that initiates the intracellular signaling. EGF is widely distributed in tissues like the kidney, cerebrum, prostate, and salivary glands. EGF acts as a potent factor in promoting cell division, and the phosphorylated receptor recruit adapter proteins like GRB2, which then activate complex downstream signaling cascades.

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GM-CSF is a hematopoietic growth factor with the ability to form colonies of granulocytes and macrophages. Enhances the number of circulating white blood cells and function of neutrophils and monocytes. Regulates multiple functions via transcription factors in the differentiated cells, including cell survival, proliferation, and maturation. Generates in vitro murine and human DC populations from bone marrow precursors and blood monocytes, respectively.

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IL-4 is an immunomodulatory cytokine that stimulates B cell proliferation and activates eosinophils, basophils, and mast cells.

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IL-3 is a species-specific cytokine and pleiotropic growth factor that promotes the survival, differentiation, and proliferation of committed progenitor cells of the megakaryocyte, granulocyte-macrophage, erythroid, eosinophil, basophil, and mast cell lineages.

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Cytokines for polarising mouse T cells into Th17 cells. T helper 17 cells (Th17) are a distinct type of T cell subset that are thought to be important in immunity against microbes at the epitilial and mucosal interfaces of the body. Disruption of the regular function or balance of Th17 cells is thought to be involved in several autoimmune diseases and/or opportunistic infections. Th17 cells are characterised by their ability to produce IL-17, IL-22 and IL-21. Th17 cells can be cultured from naive CD4+ T cells by culturing them in the presence of anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 stimulation with recombinant IL-6 and recombinant TGF-β 1. In some cases neutralising antibodies against IL-12, IL-4 and IFNγ are used along with recombinat cytokines IL-1 β, IL-21 and/or IL-23.

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Cytokines for expansion and cell culture of mouse hematopoietic stem cells to progenitor cells. Hematopoietic stem cells are self renewing pluripotent cells often characterized by the expression of CD34. Studies have shown that decreased expression of CD34 tends to correlate with the decreased self renewal properties and pluripotent potential. Culturing CD34+ cells in a cytokine mixture of SCF, FLT-3 Ligand, IL-6 and IL-3 for short time periods allows rapid expansion of immature and more mature hematopoietic progenitor cells in cord blood or bone marrow preparations. If the goal is to only expand the most immature progenitor and stem cells, it is recommended that a combination of TPO, SCF and FLT-3 Ligand are used (Catalog: PB-500-04). Either cytokine combination can also be supplemented with other cytokines to promote specific lineages.

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Thrombopoietin (TPO) is a growth factor that is produced by liver and kidney tissues. TPO binds the TPO receptor (CD110) to promote megakaryocyte maturation, differentiation, and the production of platelets. Human TPO (CHO) contains a C-terminal 6x-polyhistidine (6xHis) tag.

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Fibroblast growth factor 6 (FGF-6) is a heparin-binding growth factor that is expressed in epithelial and mesenchymal lineages. FGF-6 binds and signals through the FGF receptors FGFR1, FGFR2, and FGFR4. FGF-6 functions as a mitogen for vascular endothelial cells and fibroblasts. FGF-6 is also an important factor driving muscle differentiation and regeneration.

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Pleiotrophin (PTN) is a heparin-binding growth factor that has mitogenic effects on fibroblast, epithelial, and endothelial cells. PTN is made by many tissues, but is predominantly secreted by nervous tissue during development. PTN induces neurite outgrowth and is involved in tumor growth and metastasis.

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Interleukin 33 (IL-33) is a member of the IL-1 cytokine family and is constitutively expressed in smooth muscle and airway epithelial cells. IL-33 signals through the interleukin 1 receptor-like 1 (IL-1R1) and interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein (IL1RAP) receptors to ativate NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. IL-33 functions to induce type 2 cytokine production in polarized Type 2 helper T (Th2) cells.

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Interleukin 2 (IL-2) is an immunomodulatory cytokine that is produced by lymphocytes.  IL-2 signals through the IL-2R receptor to induce activated T cell proliferation and promote T cell differentiation. IL-2 also stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of B cells, natural killer cells, monocytes, and macrophages.

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Stem cell factor (SCF) is a cytokine made by fibroblasts and endothelial cells. SCF binds to the receptor c-Kit/CD117 and plays a critical role in the maintenance, survival, and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells. Human SCF shows no activity on murine cells, but murine and rat SCF are active on human cells.

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Growth regulated protein alpha (GRO-α), also known as CXCL1, is a chemokine that has mitogenic properties and is a neutrophil chemoattractant. GRO-α is secreted by macrophages, epithelial cells, neutrophils, and melanomas. GRO-α signals through the CXCR2 chemokine receptor and is important during spinal cord formation, inflammation, angiogenesis, tumorigenesis, and wound healing.

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Glutamyl endopeptidase (Glu-C) is an enzyme from Staphylococcus aureus strain V8 that hydrolizes peptide bonds formed on the carboxyl terminal side of aspartate and glutamate amino acid residues. Glu-C is pathogenic to human tissue and functions during adherence and colonization of host cells. Glu-C protects against host defense mechanisms by fragmenting human immunoglobulins IgG, IgM, and IgA.

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Amphiregulin (AR) is a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family.

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Interleukin 8 (IL-8 oder CXCL8) ist ein Mitglied der CXC-Zytokinfamilie und wird von Makrophagen, Epithelzellen, glatten Muskelzellen und Endothelzellen produziert. IL-8 bindet die G-Protein-gekoppelten Serpentinrezeptoren CXCR1 und CXCR2. IL-8 rekrutiert angeborene Immunzellen, induziert die Phagozytose und stimuliert die Angiogenese.

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Interleukin 4 (IL-4) is an immunomodulatory cytokine that functions to induce naïve helper T cells to differentiate into type 2 T helper (Th2) cells. Th2 cells subsequently produce more IL-4 in a positive feedback loop. IL-4 also promotes immunoglobulin IgG to IgE isotype switching on B cells. IL-4 binds the IL-4Rα receptor to activate STAT6 signaling.

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Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is hematopoietic growth factor produced by endothelial cells, monocytes, fibroblasts, and T cells. GM-CSF stimulates the production of neutrophilic granulocytes, macrophages, and mixed granulocyte-macrophage colonies from bone marrow cells. GM-CSF promotes immune system development and regulates neutrophil function during infection. Human and mouse GM-CSF show no cross-reactivity.

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Follistatin is an autocrine, activin-binding protein that is ubiquitously expressed with highest expression levels being in the ovary and skin. Follistatin negatively regulates the signaling of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) family members, such as activin, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), myostatin, growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF-11), and TGF-β1. Follistatin functions as an antagonist by binding TGF-β family members to block interaction with their signaling receptors. Follistatin also inhibits the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the anterior pituitary.

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Interleukin 3 beta (IL-3 β) is a cytokine that is produced by activated T cells and mast cells. IL-3 β induces the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells into myeloid precursor cells, such as erythrocyte, megakaryocyte, granulocyte, monocyte, and dendritic cells. IL-3 β also functions in the nervous system and is important during the B-1 cell regulation of chronic inflammatory diseases.

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Interleukin 3 beta (IL-3 β) is a cytokine that is produced by activated T cells and mast cells. IL-3 β induces the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells into myeloid precursor cells, such as erythrocyte, megakaryocyte, granulocyte, monocyte, and dendritic cells. IL-3 β also functions in the nervous system and is important during the B-1 cell regulation of chronic inflammatory diseases.

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Interleukin 7 (IL-7) is a hematopoietic cytokine that is an important regulator of B and T cell development. IL-7 is secreted by bone marrow and thymic stromal cells, dendritic cells, intestinal epithelial cells, hepatocytes, and keratinocytes. IL-7 signals through the interleukin 7 receptor (IL-7R) to promote the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells into T cells, B cells, and natural killer cells. IL-7 is also a regulator of intestinal mucosal lymphocyte proliferation. Human and mouse IL-7 show species cross-reactivity.

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Resistin is a peptide hormone belonging to a class of cysteine-rich secreted proteins, termed the resistin-like molecules (RELM) family. Resistin is produced by macrophages and functions during insulin sensitivity and inflammatory processes.

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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a nerve growth factor that binds two receptors, the low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor (LNGFR) and the tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), to support neuron growth and survival.